基于项目管理理论的工程项目成本管理系统研究
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摘要
本文的工作主要有三方面。第一,重新认识并解释了成本、项目、工程项目、成本管理、项目管理、工程项目管理、工程项目成本管理等基本概念,为工程项目成本管理理论研究和实践奠定坚实的基础;第二,纠正对工程项目成本管理学科归属的错误理解,为工程项目成本管理找到正确的理论基础——项目管理;第三,建立以项目管理为基础的工程项目成本管理理论、方法体系。
在第二章指出在理论研究和实践中对于成本、项目、工程项目、成本管理、项目管理、工程项目管理、工程项目成本管理等基本概念认识上的问题,从项目管理的基本原理出发重新解释了这些概念。第二章还在总结现有工程项目成本管理体系的基础上提出本文主张的工程项目成本管理体系,为随后深入研究工程项目成本管理的具体内容提供依据。第三章引用PMI的项目管理知识体系的目的是用它澄清与项目管理有关的概念、限定项目管理知识的范围和给出所有项目管理问题研究的一个参照系;第三章还研究了工程项目成本管理的前提条件,如工程项目的定义、项目管理的特点、项目管理的基本要求、项目经理的任务、项目组织、项目发包方式、项目的阶段、业主的可行性研究、业主的需要和项目目标、项目范围定义、项目战略、设计公司和施工承包商的选择等等。
第四章以成本估算为对象,把工程项目成本估算分为二个阶段,早期估算和预算估算,分别进行研究。对于早期估算,提出了进行这项工作的程序,然后以程序为线索,对程序中的主要环节进行了深入的研究;提出早期估算的多种方法,并进行了例证。将模糊贴近度与灰色关联度方法用于早期估算,验证了模型的有效性。对于预算估算,系统地研究估算的各项工作。第五章系统地研究了工程项目成本预算的理论基础和实际方法。提出全面应用WBS、CPM、S曲线、资源计划等技术的工程项目预算制定方法,通过工程实例验证了方法的有效性。第六章研究项目成本控制原理。在此基础上,提出一整套具有可操作性的控制方法,包括成本控制的计划基础、成本绩效测定方法、成本绩效评价分析方法。
The dissertation mainly performs three endeavors: first, to understand and define the concepts of cost, project, engineering and construction project, cost management, project management, project management for engineering and construction project, cost management for engineering and construction project in a different thinking to provide a solid foundation for theoretical researches and practice of cost management of engineering and construction projects; secondly, to correct the false understanding of which academic discipline cost management for engineering and construction project belongs to, and find that project management is the basis of cost management for engineering and construction project; thirdly, to establish the theoretical and practical cost management system for engineering and construction project.
The dissertation researches the problems of understanding the concepts of project, engineering and construction project, project management, project management for engineering and construction project, cost management for engineering and construction project in theoretical researches and practice, and defines them in terms of project management in Chapter 2. Also in Chapter 2, a proposed theoretical and practical cost management system for engineering and construction project is presented. Referring to the PMBOK of PMI, some key concepts about project management are clarified to limit the knowledge areas of project management and to provide a frame of reference to all project management research in Chapter 3. The essential prerequisites to manage a project, such as definition of a project, purpose of project management, key Concepts of project management, role of the project manager, project teams, contractual arrangements, phases of a project, owner's study, owner's needs and project objectives, project scope definition, project strategy, selection of design firms and construction contractors, et al are investigated in Chapter 3.
In Chapter 4, cost estimate is divided into two categories: early estimate and budget estimate. For early estimate, the dissertation presents the Estimating Work Process, and based on it, studies the steps of the work process. Several methods and techniques of early estimate are presented. The dissertation uses the theory of fuzzy closeness degree and Grey Correlative Degree to develop a gray fuzzy estimate model for early estimate and validate the model. For budget estimate, the dissertation present the method used in engineering and construction projects. In Chapter 5, the cost budgeting method is studied in detail. A system of project cost budgeting using WBS, CPM, S-curve, Resource Allocation techniques is developed and validated. The cost tracking and control principles are studied in Chapter 6. The dissertation provides a complete set of maneuverable methods, including the planning basis of project cost control, measuring methods of cost performance, evaluating and analyzing methods of cost performance.
在第二章指出在理论研究和实践中对于成本、项目、工程项目、成本管理、项目管理、工程项目管理、工程项目成本管理等基本概念认识上的问题,从项目管理的基本原理出发重新解释了这些概念。第二章还在总结现有工程项目成本管理体系的基础上提出本文主张的工程项目成本管理体系,为随后深入研究工程项目成本管理的具体内容提供依据。第三章引用PMI的项目管理知识体系的目的是用它澄清与项目管理有关的概念、限定项目管理知识的范围和给出所有项目管理问题研究的一个参照系;第三章还研究了工程项目成本管理的前提条件,如工程项目的定义、项目管理的特点、项目管理的基本要求、项目经理的任务、项目组织、项目发包方式、项目的阶段、业主的可行性研究、业主的需要和项目目标、项目范围定义、项目战略、设计公司和施工承包商的选择等等。
第四章以成本估算为对象,把工程项目成本估算分为二个阶段,早期估算和预算估算,分别进行研究。对于早期估算,提出了进行这项工作的程序,然后以程序为线索,对程序中的主要环节进行了深入的研究;提出早期估算的多种方法,并进行了例证。将模糊贴近度与灰色关联度方法用于早期估算,验证了模型的有效性。对于预算估算,系统地研究估算的各项工作。第五章系统地研究了工程项目成本预算的理论基础和实际方法。提出全面应用WBS、CPM、S曲线、资源计划等技术的工程项目预算制定方法,通过工程实例验证了方法的有效性。第六章研究项目成本控制原理。在此基础上,提出一整套具有可操作性的控制方法,包括成本控制的计划基础、成本绩效测定方法、成本绩效评价分析方法。
The dissertation mainly performs three endeavors: first, to understand and define the concepts of cost, project, engineering and construction project, cost management, project management, project management for engineering and construction project, cost management for engineering and construction project in a different thinking to provide a solid foundation for theoretical researches and practice of cost management of engineering and construction projects; secondly, to correct the false understanding of which academic discipline cost management for engineering and construction project belongs to, and find that project management is the basis of cost management for engineering and construction project; thirdly, to establish the theoretical and practical cost management system for engineering and construction project.
The dissertation researches the problems of understanding the concepts of project, engineering and construction project, project management, project management for engineering and construction project, cost management for engineering and construction project in theoretical researches and practice, and defines them in terms of project management in Chapter 2. Also in Chapter 2, a proposed theoretical and practical cost management system for engineering and construction project is presented. Referring to the PMBOK of PMI, some key concepts about project management are clarified to limit the knowledge areas of project management and to provide a frame of reference to all project management research in Chapter 3. The essential prerequisites to manage a project, such as definition of a project, purpose of project management, key Concepts of project management, role of the project manager, project teams, contractual arrangements, phases of a project, owner's study, owner's needs and project objectives, project scope definition, project strategy, selection of design firms and construction contractors, et al are investigated in Chapter 3.
In Chapter 4, cost estimate is divided into two categories: early estimate and budget estimate. For early estimate, the dissertation presents the Estimating Work Process, and based on it, studies the steps of the work process. Several methods and techniques of early estimate are presented. The dissertation uses the theory of fuzzy closeness degree and Grey Correlative Degree to develop a gray fuzzy estimate model for early estimate and validate the model. For budget estimate, the dissertation present the method used in engineering and construction projects. In Chapter 5, the cost budgeting method is studied in detail. A system of project cost budgeting using WBS, CPM, S-curve, Resource Allocation techniques is developed and validated. The cost tracking and control principles are studied in Chapter 6. The dissertation provides a complete set of maneuverable methods, including the planning basis of project cost control, measuring methods of cost performance, evaluating and analyzing methods of cost performance.
引文
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