信号交叉口公交优先通行技术研究
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摘要
公交优先是城市智能交通系统中先进的公共交通系统的一个重要组成部分,是缓解城市交通问题的有效途径之一。论文提出了一种交叉口公交专用进口道和公交优先智能信号控制系统相结合的实施方案。
在公交专用道系统中根据通行空间的不同,本文主要针对交叉口进出口道的公交专用道进行设计研究。本文在公交专用道设计方法研究体系的基础上,对专用道的布设条件、布设位置、车道宽度、隔离设计、车道设计进行了探讨。本文重点就锯齿形公交优先进口道的设计方法进行研究,通过对其工作原理、设置条件以及其它关键参数的研究,提出了一种新的公交优先进口道的处理方法。并与传统的交叉口进出口专用道的设置进行了研究和比选,对其中的缺点和不足进行了改进和完善,为公交专用道设置的可行性和实施效益提供了理论依据。
在信号控制系统中,公交优先智能信号控制器采用模糊控制的方法,通过综合考虑公交车和社会车辆的流量,计算出当前相位车辆数和后继相位的车辆数,然后,依据交通警察指挥交通的实际经验和专家的理论研究所建立的模糊规则库,通过模糊推理系统进行智能决策,得到当前相位的绿灯时间,以实现对绿灯时间的实时自动调节。
论文最后对该系统进行了仿真实验,通过模拟四相位十字形交叉口的交通运行情况,分别采用定时信号控制方式和公交优先智能信号控制方式进行仿真实验。实验结果表明:公交优先信号控制技术能有效地提高公交车在交叉口的通行能力,减少公交乘客在交叉口的平均等待时间,实现公交车在交叉口的优先通行,同时能有效地减少社会车辆在交叉口的平均等待时间。
Bus priority is an important component of the advanced public transportation system in the city intelligent transportation system; and it is one of the effective ways to alleviate the city traffic congestion. The dissertation propose a kind of implementary scheme in which bus inlet lane of road intersection combine with bus priority intelligent signal control system .
According to the difference of transitable space in the bus lane system, this article mainly designs and researches on the bus lane of road intersection. On the basis of researching on the design method of bus lane system, this paper has also discussed some important problems of bus lane which include location,road width,design for separation and bus lane. This article stress researching on the design method of zigzag bus inlet lane of bus priority. Through researching on its principle of work, arrangements for factors as well as other essential parameters, a new method of bus inlet lane of bus priority is put forward. Compared with the traditional arrangement of bus inlet lane of road intersection, the improvement and consummation to shortcoming of traditional method and the theory basis for the feasibility and practical benefit of bus lane arrangement are provided.
In the signal control system, the bus priority intelligent signal controller adopts the method of the fuzzy control, by considering synthetically flow of public transportation vehicles and social vehicles, to calculate the number of current phase vehicles and successor phase vehicle. Then according to the fuzzy regular base which was established on the basis of practical experience which is based on the command of traffic police and expert's theory research, through carrying on the intelligent decision-making of fuzzy inference system the green light time with current phase and realize the real-time automatic control of green light time is obtained.
The paper finally conducte the simulation experiment to this system, through simulating the traffic situation of four phases crisscross road intersection, the paper use separately the timing signal control way and the bus priority intelligent signal control way to carry on the simulation experiment. The experimental result indicated that the bus priority intelligent signal control technology can effectively enhance the travelling capability of bus in the road intersection, reduce passenger’s average waiting time and realize public transportation vehicle first pass through in the road intersection, at the same time it can also effectively decrease social vehicles’average waiting time in the road intersection.
在公交专用道系统中根据通行空间的不同,本文主要针对交叉口进出口道的公交专用道进行设计研究。本文在公交专用道设计方法研究体系的基础上,对专用道的布设条件、布设位置、车道宽度、隔离设计、车道设计进行了探讨。本文重点就锯齿形公交优先进口道的设计方法进行研究,通过对其工作原理、设置条件以及其它关键参数的研究,提出了一种新的公交优先进口道的处理方法。并与传统的交叉口进出口专用道的设置进行了研究和比选,对其中的缺点和不足进行了改进和完善,为公交专用道设置的可行性和实施效益提供了理论依据。
在信号控制系统中,公交优先智能信号控制器采用模糊控制的方法,通过综合考虑公交车和社会车辆的流量,计算出当前相位车辆数和后继相位的车辆数,然后,依据交通警察指挥交通的实际经验和专家的理论研究所建立的模糊规则库,通过模糊推理系统进行智能决策,得到当前相位的绿灯时间,以实现对绿灯时间的实时自动调节。
论文最后对该系统进行了仿真实验,通过模拟四相位十字形交叉口的交通运行情况,分别采用定时信号控制方式和公交优先智能信号控制方式进行仿真实验。实验结果表明:公交优先信号控制技术能有效地提高公交车在交叉口的通行能力,减少公交乘客在交叉口的平均等待时间,实现公交车在交叉口的优先通行,同时能有效地减少社会车辆在交叉口的平均等待时间。
Bus priority is an important component of the advanced public transportation system in the city intelligent transportation system; and it is one of the effective ways to alleviate the city traffic congestion. The dissertation propose a kind of implementary scheme in which bus inlet lane of road intersection combine with bus priority intelligent signal control system .
According to the difference of transitable space in the bus lane system, this article mainly designs and researches on the bus lane of road intersection. On the basis of researching on the design method of bus lane system, this paper has also discussed some important problems of bus lane which include location,road width,design for separation and bus lane. This article stress researching on the design method of zigzag bus inlet lane of bus priority. Through researching on its principle of work, arrangements for factors as well as other essential parameters, a new method of bus inlet lane of bus priority is put forward. Compared with the traditional arrangement of bus inlet lane of road intersection, the improvement and consummation to shortcoming of traditional method and the theory basis for the feasibility and practical benefit of bus lane arrangement are provided.
In the signal control system, the bus priority intelligent signal controller adopts the method of the fuzzy control, by considering synthetically flow of public transportation vehicles and social vehicles, to calculate the number of current phase vehicles and successor phase vehicle. Then according to the fuzzy regular base which was established on the basis of practical experience which is based on the command of traffic police and expert's theory research, through carrying on the intelligent decision-making of fuzzy inference system the green light time with current phase and realize the real-time automatic control of green light time is obtained.
The paper finally conducte the simulation experiment to this system, through simulating the traffic situation of four phases crisscross road intersection, the paper use separately the timing signal control way and the bus priority intelligent signal control way to carry on the simulation experiment. The experimental result indicated that the bus priority intelligent signal control technology can effectively enhance the travelling capability of bus in the road intersection, reduce passenger’s average waiting time and realize public transportation vehicle first pass through in the road intersection, at the same time it can also effectively decrease social vehicles’average waiting time in the road intersection.
引文
[1]周干峙.论我国大城市交通[J].城市发展研究, 1996, (5): 2~8
[2]陈阳.公交优先的内涵与措施[J].城市问题, 2001, (5): 64~67
[3]杨晓光,史春华,邵俊.先进的城市公共汽车交通专用道系统的研究[J]. ITS通讯2001年第1期: 9~17
[4]史春华,杨晓光,曾松.城市公交专用道的设置与设计[J].城市轨道交通研究,学术专论第2期, 2000: 49~56
[5] Janos,Melanie; Furth,Peter G. Bus priority with highly interruptible traffic signal control: Simulation of San Juan’s Avenida Ponce de Leon[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2002, 1181: 157~165
[6]关伟,申金升,葛芳.公交优先的信号控制策略研究[J].系统工程学报, 2001, 16(3): 176~180
[7]周玉民.公交专用道的应用和发展前景[J].北京城市规划建设, 2000年第6期
[8] Herbert S.L.,Scott R.,Eric B. TCRP Report 90:Bus Rapid Transit[R]. Transportation Research Board. 2003
[9] Delegates and staff SAN LUIS OBISPO Council of Govermnent.Bus Stop Improvement Plan[M]. 2001.1
[10] Jian-ping Wu,Nick Hounsell..Analysis of Traffic at Pre-Signalised Intersections[J]. Journal of Transpotation Engineering and Information No.1 Vo1.1 Sept.2003: 37~40
[11] Transportation research board of the nation academise, TCRP REPORT 90: Bus Rapid Transit[R](Volume2:Implementation Guidelines), 2003
[12]周彤梅,冶文斌.道路交通控制的发展趋势研究[J].系统仿真学报, 2002, 14(7): 961-963, 967
[13] Viegas,Josed; Lu, Baichuan.. The Intermittent Bus Lane signals setting within an area[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologise, 2004,12(6): 453~469
[14]张卫华,黄艳君,胡刚.城市公共交通专用道设置标准的探讨[J].交通标准化, 2003(7): 33~36
[15]季彦婕,邓卫.交叉口预信号公交优先方案及效益评价[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版), 2003,20(1):83-83,96
[16]张明哲,姚冬萍,翟志强.公交优先中的车辆选择检测系统研究[J].城市公共交通, 2004(1):11~13
[17] Ronald J.Baker,John Collura,ect.An Overview of Transit Signal Priority[M]. ITS America,WashingtonDC 2002-2730
[18]杨晓光.城市道路交通设计指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社. 2003.6
[19]张卫华,王炜,陈学武.信号交叉口公交专用进口道设置方法的探讨[J].中国市政工程, 2003年第6期: 1~4
[20]裴玉龙,伍拾煤.城市公交专用道设置与规划问题的探讨[J].东北公路,第25卷第4期, 2002: 91~94
[21]孙庆东,张建军,栗荣宇.公交优先理念在城市道路设计中的应用[J].辽宁交通科技第4期, 2003年第8期: 43~45
[22]邵光,杨晓光,史春华.部分锯齿形公交优先进口道的交通设计与分析[J].同济大学学报,第14卷,增刊2001年12月: 101~108
[23]徐立群,吴聪,杨兆升.信号交叉口通行能力计算方法[J].交通工程运输学报, 2001.1(3): 82~85
[24]刘灿齐,周溪召,刘安.一些常用的车头时距分布所对应的到达分布[J].公路交通科技, 1995.12(9).53~59
[25]徐吉谦.交通工程总论[M].北京,人民交通出版社, 2004.5
[26]李春艳.信号交叉口左右转交通流烟雾模型研究[D].北京:北京工业大学, 2004
[27]郭冠英.中途停靠站公交线路数上限的确定及驻站时间计算模型[J].上海公路, 2002(2): 7~10
[28]翟润平,周彤梅.道路交通控制原理及应用[M].北京,中国人民公安大学出版社, 2002年
[29]陈龙.公交优先技术及适应性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2006
[30]张卫华,陆化普,石琴等.公交优先的信号交叉口配时优化方法[J].交通工程学报, 2004.4(9): 49~53
[31]季彦婕.交叉口公共交通优先通行方法研究[D].南京,东南大学, 2003
[32]张卫华,王炜.基于公交优先通行的交叉口预信号设置研究方法[J].公路交通科技, 2004.21(6): 101~104
[33]杜爱月.基于模糊控制的交通信号控制系统及仿真的研究[D].西安,长安大学, 2004
[34]张化光,孟祥萍.智能控制基础理论及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005.1
[35]李少远,王景成.智能控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.1
[36]闻新,周露,李东江,贝超. MATLAB模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2001
[37]王炜,过秀成.交通工程学[M].南京:东南大学出版社, 2000.9
[2]陈阳.公交优先的内涵与措施[J].城市问题, 2001, (5): 64~67
[3]杨晓光,史春华,邵俊.先进的城市公共汽车交通专用道系统的研究[J]. ITS通讯2001年第1期: 9~17
[4]史春华,杨晓光,曾松.城市公交专用道的设置与设计[J].城市轨道交通研究,学术专论第2期, 2000: 49~56
[5] Janos,Melanie; Furth,Peter G. Bus priority with highly interruptible traffic signal control: Simulation of San Juan’s Avenida Ponce de Leon[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2002, 1181: 157~165
[6]关伟,申金升,葛芳.公交优先的信号控制策略研究[J].系统工程学报, 2001, 16(3): 176~180
[7]周玉民.公交专用道的应用和发展前景[J].北京城市规划建设, 2000年第6期
[8] Herbert S.L.,Scott R.,Eric B. TCRP Report 90:Bus Rapid Transit[R]. Transportation Research Board. 2003
[9] Delegates and staff SAN LUIS OBISPO Council of Govermnent.Bus Stop Improvement Plan[M]. 2001.1
[10] Jian-ping Wu,Nick Hounsell..Analysis of Traffic at Pre-Signalised Intersections[J]. Journal of Transpotation Engineering and Information No.1 Vo1.1 Sept.2003: 37~40
[11] Transportation research board of the nation academise, TCRP REPORT 90: Bus Rapid Transit[R](Volume2:Implementation Guidelines), 2003
[12]周彤梅,冶文斌.道路交通控制的发展趋势研究[J].系统仿真学报, 2002, 14(7): 961-963, 967
[13] Viegas,Josed; Lu, Baichuan.. The Intermittent Bus Lane signals setting within an area[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologise, 2004,12(6): 453~469
[14]张卫华,黄艳君,胡刚.城市公共交通专用道设置标准的探讨[J].交通标准化, 2003(7): 33~36
[15]季彦婕,邓卫.交叉口预信号公交优先方案及效益评价[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版), 2003,20(1):83-83,96
[16]张明哲,姚冬萍,翟志强.公交优先中的车辆选择检测系统研究[J].城市公共交通, 2004(1):11~13
[17] Ronald J.Baker,John Collura,ect.An Overview of Transit Signal Priority[M]. ITS America,WashingtonDC 2002-2730
[18]杨晓光.城市道路交通设计指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社. 2003.6
[19]张卫华,王炜,陈学武.信号交叉口公交专用进口道设置方法的探讨[J].中国市政工程, 2003年第6期: 1~4
[20]裴玉龙,伍拾煤.城市公交专用道设置与规划问题的探讨[J].东北公路,第25卷第4期, 2002: 91~94
[21]孙庆东,张建军,栗荣宇.公交优先理念在城市道路设计中的应用[J].辽宁交通科技第4期, 2003年第8期: 43~45
[22]邵光,杨晓光,史春华.部分锯齿形公交优先进口道的交通设计与分析[J].同济大学学报,第14卷,增刊2001年12月: 101~108
[23]徐立群,吴聪,杨兆升.信号交叉口通行能力计算方法[J].交通工程运输学报, 2001.1(3): 82~85
[24]刘灿齐,周溪召,刘安.一些常用的车头时距分布所对应的到达分布[J].公路交通科技, 1995.12(9).53~59
[25]徐吉谦.交通工程总论[M].北京,人民交通出版社, 2004.5
[26]李春艳.信号交叉口左右转交通流烟雾模型研究[D].北京:北京工业大学, 2004
[27]郭冠英.中途停靠站公交线路数上限的确定及驻站时间计算模型[J].上海公路, 2002(2): 7~10
[28]翟润平,周彤梅.道路交通控制原理及应用[M].北京,中国人民公安大学出版社, 2002年
[29]陈龙.公交优先技术及适应性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2006
[30]张卫华,陆化普,石琴等.公交优先的信号交叉口配时优化方法[J].交通工程学报, 2004.4(9): 49~53
[31]季彦婕.交叉口公共交通优先通行方法研究[D].南京,东南大学, 2003
[32]张卫华,王炜.基于公交优先通行的交叉口预信号设置研究方法[J].公路交通科技, 2004.21(6): 101~104
[33]杜爱月.基于模糊控制的交通信号控制系统及仿真的研究[D].西安,长安大学, 2004
[34]张化光,孟祥萍.智能控制基础理论及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005.1
[35]李少远,王景成.智能控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.1
[36]闻新,周露,李东江,贝超. MATLAB模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2001
[37]王炜,过秀成.交通工程学[M].南京:东南大学出版社, 2000.9