河南制造企业供应链风险评估与控制策略研究
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摘要
20世纪90年代以来,供应链管理逐渐成为企业增强竞争力、更有效地参与市场竞争的重要途径,许多制造企业都使用了这一管理方法。然而,由其构成的特殊性,供应链管理也存在一定的风险,且存在独有特征,即网链中任何一个环节的失利或任何两个环节之间的不衔接,都会影响到整个供应链体系的稳定和效率。为了促进河南制造企业更好地发展,加强对河南制造企业供应链风险管理成为实现供应链管理目标的关键,而对河南制造企业供应链风险进行分析和评估,又是实施河南制造企业供应链风险管理的前提,只有对环境以及链上节点企业等带来风险进行评估,才能采取一定的措施规避供应链运行中的风险,达到对供应链风险的管理目的。
本文论述了供应链风险管理研究的必要性和重要性,对国内外供应链风险管理研究状况及相关理论进行了概述;在对河南经济、地理、物流等多方面现状分析的基础上,对河南制造企业供应链管理的现状进行了分析;通过对河南制造企业供应链风险的识别和分析,探寻河南制造企业供应链风险的来源和影响因素。同时考虑到制造企业所属地域不同所带来的环境风险的差异性,首次将外部环境风险的来源分为国际、国外和河南省三个部分进行分析;在对供应链风险因素详细分析的基础上,建立了包括外部环境风险指标、供应商风险指标、销售商风险指标、制造商本身风险指标和供应链上成员协作风险指标的河南制造企业供应链风险评估指标体系。鉴于制造企业供应链风险存在的不确定性,应用熵权法和模糊数学理论建立了河南制造企业供应链风险综合评估模型;针对河南制造企业供应链风险来源探讨了外部风险控制策略和内部各环节相应的风险控制策略;最后进行了实证研究,对焦作贝格公司供应链风险进行了综合评估,论证了上述方法的可操作性。
Since the 1990's, supply chain management (SCM) has been becoming an important way to strengthen enterprises' competition and to take part in market competition effectively. Many famous Manufacture enterprises all take this management style. However, SCM has risks and its own characteristics because of its specific structure. That's to say, as long as anyone goes wrong or any two can not join well, the efficiency and stability of SCM would be influenced. In order to make Henan' manufacture enterprise develop quickly, strengthening supply chain risk management becomes the key way to realize the goal of supply chain management. At the same time analyzing and evaluating supply chain risk of Henan'manufacture enterprise is the premise to realize supply chain risk management. Only when environment risks and the risks brought by the enterprises are evaluated, can we take some measurers to avoid the risks in SCM and reach the objection of supply chain risk management.
This thesis discusses the necessity and importance to study supply chain risk management.It introduces the conditions and the studies of supply chain risk management in our country or abroad. Based on analysis economic, geographic,logistic conditions of henan, it analyzes the present condition of Henan manufacture enterprises'SCM. Though discriminating Henan manufacture enterprises'supply chain risks, it points out the possible crises and the effective factors which bring them. Given that enterprises belonging to different areas have different environment risks, sources of environment outside are divided into three parts including abroad, in the country and Henan province. then ,based on the analyses of the sources and factors risks, supply chain risk index system of Henan manufacture enterprises concluding outside environment risk indexes, supplier risk indexes, manufactures'risk index and so on is constructed. Because of the unstable risks of manufacture enterprises, the mathematic model of Fuzzy Comprehensive judgment is established for the comprehensive risk evaluation of manufacture enterprise Supply chain. Aim for the sources of Henan manufact ure enterprises'supply chain risk management, measures to control both outside risks and the ones between inside of the chain are discussed. Finally, Through giving an example, the supply chain risk of Bigger company could be comprehensively evaluated, which proves the measure above can be operated.
本文论述了供应链风险管理研究的必要性和重要性,对国内外供应链风险管理研究状况及相关理论进行了概述;在对河南经济、地理、物流等多方面现状分析的基础上,对河南制造企业供应链管理的现状进行了分析;通过对河南制造企业供应链风险的识别和分析,探寻河南制造企业供应链风险的来源和影响因素。同时考虑到制造企业所属地域不同所带来的环境风险的差异性,首次将外部环境风险的来源分为国际、国外和河南省三个部分进行分析;在对供应链风险因素详细分析的基础上,建立了包括外部环境风险指标、供应商风险指标、销售商风险指标、制造商本身风险指标和供应链上成员协作风险指标的河南制造企业供应链风险评估指标体系。鉴于制造企业供应链风险存在的不确定性,应用熵权法和模糊数学理论建立了河南制造企业供应链风险综合评估模型;针对河南制造企业供应链风险来源探讨了外部风险控制策略和内部各环节相应的风险控制策略;最后进行了实证研究,对焦作贝格公司供应链风险进行了综合评估,论证了上述方法的可操作性。
Since the 1990's, supply chain management (SCM) has been becoming an important way to strengthen enterprises' competition and to take part in market competition effectively. Many famous Manufacture enterprises all take this management style. However, SCM has risks and its own characteristics because of its specific structure. That's to say, as long as anyone goes wrong or any two can not join well, the efficiency and stability of SCM would be influenced. In order to make Henan' manufacture enterprise develop quickly, strengthening supply chain risk management becomes the key way to realize the goal of supply chain management. At the same time analyzing and evaluating supply chain risk of Henan'manufacture enterprise is the premise to realize supply chain risk management. Only when environment risks and the risks brought by the enterprises are evaluated, can we take some measurers to avoid the risks in SCM and reach the objection of supply chain risk management.
This thesis discusses the necessity and importance to study supply chain risk management.It introduces the conditions and the studies of supply chain risk management in our country or abroad. Based on analysis economic, geographic,logistic conditions of henan, it analyzes the present condition of Henan manufacture enterprises'SCM. Though discriminating Henan manufacture enterprises'supply chain risks, it points out the possible crises and the effective factors which bring them. Given that enterprises belonging to different areas have different environment risks, sources of environment outside are divided into three parts including abroad, in the country and Henan province. then ,based on the analyses of the sources and factors risks, supply chain risk index system of Henan manufacture enterprises concluding outside environment risk indexes, supplier risk indexes, manufactures'risk index and so on is constructed. Because of the unstable risks of manufacture enterprises, the mathematic model of Fuzzy Comprehensive judgment is established for the comprehensive risk evaluation of manufacture enterprise Supply chain. Aim for the sources of Henan manufact ure enterprises'supply chain risk management, measures to control both outside risks and the ones between inside of the chain are discussed. Finally, Through giving an example, the supply chain risk of Bigger company could be comprehensively evaluated, which proves the measure above can be operated.
引文
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