基于事例推理的包装印刷工艺设计系统
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摘要
包装印刷工艺设计是包装印刷的关键环节之一。包装产品种类多样，印刷要求各异，生产周期短等特点导致其工艺设计是一件经常性、重复性的工作。本课题开发的基于事例推理的包装印刷工艺设计系统就是解决这一问题的计算机辅助设计系统。基于事例推理(Case-Based Reasoning，CBR)是该系统采用的主要技术。基于事例推理是人工智能的重要推理方法之一。它不是依靠问题领域的一般知识或问题的描述和结论之间的一般联系来解决问题的，而是通过过去解决过的问题中的特定知识来解决问题的，这个过去所解决的问题就是事例。基于事例推理系统的出现是当规则推理过程中提取规则困难时，作为对基于规则系统的一个替代。这一思路与实践中包装印刷工艺人员的工作思路是一致的，而且相似的包装产品其印刷工艺也有相似之处。本文所研究的包装印刷工艺设计系统选择典型的包装产品——纸盒、纸箱的印刷工艺为研究对象，通过对包装产品特征的相似匹配，检索到相似的产品的工艺单，以之为起点，经过修改调整得到所求解的工艺单。本文设计了基于事例推理的包装印刷工艺设计系统的总体结构和功能，以及系统实现的几个关键环节：包装印刷工艺事例的表示、存储、检索、匹配、生成和学习。本文采用VC++6.0作为开发工具，开发了能够在Windows操作系统下运行的软件系统，达到了预先设计的目标，实现了包装产品印刷工艺单的自动生成。
Package printing technics design is one of the key steps to package printing industry. Various package products, different printing process demands and short manufacture cycle make its technics design be a kind of work repeated frequently. The CBR Package Printing Technics Design System (CPPTDS) is an assistant design system aiming to solve this problem. Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is applied to CPPTDS. CBR is an important method in AI field. Instead of relying solely on general knowledge of a problem domain, or making associations along generalized relationships between problem descriptors and conclusions, CBR is able to utilize the specific knowledge of previous experienced problem situations called cases. CBR systems have been proposed as an alternative to rule-based systems whenever the knowledge engineering process of eliciting rules is difficult or unmanageable. The reasoning process of CBR is similar to how the technologists do in practice. And similar products have similar printing process. The printi
ng technics of the classic package productsox and carton is. the research object of CPPTDS. Through matching between characteristics of products this system finds out the technological sheet case and based on it forms a new technological sheet for new product. This paper presents the overall system structure and main functions of CPPTDS,
and key techniques to realize this system: case representation and storage, similarity match and query, case forming and study. The CPPTDS, which is developed with Visual C++ 6.0, can run in windows operation system. The expected aims are reached primarily. The basic reasoning process of the CPPTDS is realized and the technics sheet is made by the system automatically.
Package printing technics design is one of the key steps to package printing industry. Various package products, different printing process demands and short manufacture cycle make its technics design be a kind of work repeated frequently. The CBR Package Printing Technics Design System (CPPTDS) is an assistant design system aiming to solve this problem. Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is applied to CPPTDS. CBR is an important method in AI field. Instead of relying solely on general knowledge of a problem domain, or making associations along generalized relationships between problem descriptors and conclusions, CBR is able to utilize the specific knowledge of previous experienced problem situations called cases. CBR systems have been proposed as an alternative to rule-based systems whenever the knowledge engineering process of eliciting rules is difficult or unmanageable. The reasoning process of CBR is similar to how the technologists do in practice. And similar products have similar printing process. The printi
ng technics of the classic package productsox and carton is. the research object of CPPTDS. Through matching between characteristics of products this system finds out the technological sheet case and based on it forms a new technological sheet for new product. This paper presents the overall system structure and main functions of CPPTDS,
and key techniques to realize this system: case representation and storage, similarity match and query, case forming and study. The CPPTDS, which is developed with Visual C++ 6.0, can run in windows operation system. The expected aims are reached primarily. The basic reasoning process of the CPPTDS is realized and the technics sheet is made by the system automatically.
引文
[1]耿卫东，潘云鹤，何智均．基于事例的设计推理研究．计算机科学．1993． Vol．20， No．4
[2]钟诗胜，王行知，何新贵．一个混合属性地事例检索模型．软件学报．1999．Vol．10，No．5
[3]张红旗，曹文刚等．基于事例推理的产品变形设计技术的研究．机械工程师．2002，(8)
[4]史忠植，高级人工智能．北京：科学出版社．1998
[5]钱权，张曙光等．基于范例推理的面向对象知识表示．中国人工智能进展．2001
[6]陈建国，潘云鹤．复合事例推理的方法研究．计算机科学．1998．Vol．25，No．6
[7]于江，王征，严新民．基于案例推理的产品包装设计系统．计算机应用．2003．Vol．23，No．1
[8]马卫东，蔡力钢等．基于事例与知识的智能CAPP策略．华中理工大学学报．1995，(2)
[9]黄乃康．CAPP技术发展现状与趋势．计算机辅助设计与制造．2001，(5)
[10]钟岩，王亚歆，王理．计算机辅助工艺编制及管理系统的开发应用．计算机辅助设计与制造．1999，(1)
[11]黄进，严隽琪，马登哲等．基于实例的工艺知识获取模型．上海交通大学学报．1998，(5)
[12]王亚东．模糊集在基于事例推理中的应用．哈尔滨工业大学学报．1996，(4)
[13]徐明，胡守仁．论CBR研究中的若干误区．微电子学与计算机．1994，(5)
[14]毛权，肖人彬，周济．CBR中基于实例特征的相似事例检索模型研
究．计算机研究与发展．1997，(4)
[15]江力等．基于实例的多推理机合作变形设计系统。软件学报．1998，(11)
[16]陈敏，阳国贵，吴泉源．基于事例推理中实例组织与管理的研究．计算机工程．1994，(5)
[17]陆汝铃．世纪之交的知识工程于知识科学．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．PP．313—338．
[18]李希亮．基于案例的推理再产品包装设计CAD系统中的应用。包装工程．1999．Vol．20．No．2
[19]应思红，马登哲等．基于任务的产品工艺设计过程管理。上海交通大学学报，1998，(5)
[20]章曙光等．基于范例推理中的一种范例匹配方法摸型．AI年鉴．2001
[21]杜维兴．包装装潢印刷的工艺技术与管理。北京：印刷工业出版社．1994
[22]刘胜余，王义林，李志刚．基于实例的覆盖件冲压CAPP关键技术研究．锻压技术．2001，(6)
[23]谢小轩，张浩，夏敬华等．基于实例推理(CBR)的企业订单处理方法研究。计算机工程与应用．2001，(22)
[24]于跃海，郑瑞强，何建敏．基于案例推理的ICU应急诊断系统．系统工程理论与实践．2002，(3)
[25]温秋生，李颖，邵小英。 CAPP系统的功能及开发模式．www．thsoft．com．cn
[26]邵小英，温秋生．CAPP基础及基本原理，目前企业应用CAPP技术的现状．www．thsoft．com．cn
[27]徐明，胡守仁．基于事例推理检索模型研究．计算机科学．1993，(4)
[28]黄进，江平宇，赵汝嘉，沈兵．工艺设计实例推理的神经索引模型的研究．西安交通大学学报．1996，(7)
[29]温淑鸿，史明华等．基于实例的工艺规程子系统．机械工艺师．
1999，(1)
[30]黄浩，施泽生，蔡鸿滨．基于CBR系统事例检索算法的研究．计算机应用．2003．Vol．23，No．6
[31]徐志瑞，杨兰蓉，张金龙．基于事例推理系统相似度评估方法若干问题的探讨．厦门大学学报(自然科学版)．2000．Vol．39，No．4
[32]王雪瑞，刘文煌．知识管理系统中的CBR技术研究．计算机工程与应用．2002，(2)
[33]印鉴，李师先．一种基于事例推理的检索模型．中山大学学报(自然科学版)．1999．Vol．38，No．2
[34]张光前，邓贵仕，李朝晖．基于事例推理的技术及其应用前景．计算机工程与应用．2002，(20)
[35]许之伟，刘文剑，常伟．工艺设计中面向对象的事例表示和事例检索模型．中国机械工程．2002．Vol．13，No．8
[36]雷永刚，彭颖红等．基于事例推理(CBR)的同构模型工艺设计模型．上海交通大学学报．2000．Vol．34，No．3
[37]印鉴．一种对象检索模型．小型微型计算机系统．2000．Vol．21，No． 8
[38]刘学君，程明霄．基于事例推理的主生产计划系统．南京化工大学学报．2001．Vol．23，No．5
[39]Barletta. An introduction to case-based reasoning. AI Expert.August. 1991.
[40]A. Aamodt, E. Plaza (1994); Case-Based Reasoning: Foundational Issues, Methodological Variations, and System Approaches, from AICom - Artificial Intelligence Communications, IOS Press, Vol. 7: 1, pp. 39-59.
[41]David B.,Leake. CBR in Context: The Present and Future, from Case-Based Reasoning: Experience, Lessons, and Future Directions, AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.
[42]Katia Sycara .Using Case-Based Reasoning for Plan Adaptation and Repair, Proceedings of the DARPA Case-Based Reasoning Workshop, 1988.
[43] Shi Xun. A case-based reasoning approach to fuzzy soil mapping. The University of Wisconsin_Madison, 2002.
[2]钟诗胜，王行知，何新贵．一个混合属性地事例检索模型．软件学报．1999．Vol．10，No．5
[3]张红旗，曹文刚等．基于事例推理的产品变形设计技术的研究．机械工程师．2002，(8)
[4]史忠植，高级人工智能．北京：科学出版社．1998
[5]钱权，张曙光等．基于范例推理的面向对象知识表示．中国人工智能进展．2001
[6]陈建国，潘云鹤．复合事例推理的方法研究．计算机科学．1998．Vol．25，No．6
[7]于江，王征，严新民．基于案例推理的产品包装设计系统．计算机应用．2003．Vol．23，No．1
[8]马卫东，蔡力钢等．基于事例与知识的智能CAPP策略．华中理工大学学报．1995，(2)
[9]黄乃康．CAPP技术发展现状与趋势．计算机辅助设计与制造．2001，(5)
[10]钟岩，王亚歆，王理．计算机辅助工艺编制及管理系统的开发应用．计算机辅助设计与制造．1999，(1)
[11]黄进，严隽琪，马登哲等．基于实例的工艺知识获取模型．上海交通大学学报．1998，(5)
[12]王亚东．模糊集在基于事例推理中的应用．哈尔滨工业大学学报．1996，(4)
[13]徐明，胡守仁．论CBR研究中的若干误区．微电子学与计算机．1994，(5)
[14]毛权，肖人彬，周济．CBR中基于实例特征的相似事例检索模型研
究．计算机研究与发展．1997，(4)
[15]江力等．基于实例的多推理机合作变形设计系统。软件学报．1998，(11)
[16]陈敏，阳国贵，吴泉源．基于事例推理中实例组织与管理的研究．计算机工程．1994，(5)
[17]陆汝铃．世纪之交的知识工程于知识科学．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．PP．313—338．
[18]李希亮．基于案例的推理再产品包装设计CAD系统中的应用。包装工程．1999．Vol．20．No．2
[19]应思红，马登哲等．基于任务的产品工艺设计过程管理。上海交通大学学报，1998，(5)
[20]章曙光等．基于范例推理中的一种范例匹配方法摸型．AI年鉴．2001
[21]杜维兴．包装装潢印刷的工艺技术与管理。北京：印刷工业出版社．1994
[22]刘胜余，王义林，李志刚．基于实例的覆盖件冲压CAPP关键技术研究．锻压技术．2001，(6)
[23]谢小轩，张浩，夏敬华等．基于实例推理(CBR)的企业订单处理方法研究。计算机工程与应用．2001，(22)
[24]于跃海，郑瑞强，何建敏．基于案例推理的ICU应急诊断系统．系统工程理论与实践．2002，(3)
[25]温秋生，李颖，邵小英。 CAPP系统的功能及开发模式．www．thsoft．com．cn
[26]邵小英，温秋生．CAPP基础及基本原理，目前企业应用CAPP技术的现状．www．thsoft．com．cn
[27]徐明，胡守仁．基于事例推理检索模型研究．计算机科学．1993，(4)
[28]黄进，江平宇，赵汝嘉，沈兵．工艺设计实例推理的神经索引模型的研究．西安交通大学学报．1996，(7)
[29]温淑鸿，史明华等．基于实例的工艺规程子系统．机械工艺师．
1999，(1)
[30]黄浩，施泽生，蔡鸿滨．基于CBR系统事例检索算法的研究．计算机应用．2003．Vol．23，No．6
[31]徐志瑞，杨兰蓉，张金龙．基于事例推理系统相似度评估方法若干问题的探讨．厦门大学学报(自然科学版)．2000．Vol．39，No．4
[32]王雪瑞，刘文煌．知识管理系统中的CBR技术研究．计算机工程与应用．2002，(2)
[33]印鉴，李师先．一种基于事例推理的检索模型．中山大学学报(自然科学版)．1999．Vol．38，No．2
[34]张光前，邓贵仕，李朝晖．基于事例推理的技术及其应用前景．计算机工程与应用．2002，(20)
[35]许之伟，刘文剑，常伟．工艺设计中面向对象的事例表示和事例检索模型．中国机械工程．2002．Vol．13，No．8
[36]雷永刚，彭颖红等．基于事例推理(CBR)的同构模型工艺设计模型．上海交通大学学报．2000．Vol．34，No．3
[37]印鉴．一种对象检索模型．小型微型计算机系统．2000．Vol．21，No． 8
[38]刘学君，程明霄．基于事例推理的主生产计划系统．南京化工大学学报．2001．Vol．23，No．5
[39]Barletta. An introduction to case-based reasoning. AI Expert.August. 1991.
[40]A. Aamodt, E. Plaza (1994); Case-Based Reasoning: Foundational Issues, Methodological Variations, and System Approaches, from AICom - Artificial Intelligence Communications, IOS Press, Vol. 7: 1, pp. 39-59.
[41]David B.,Leake. CBR in Context: The Present and Future, from Case-Based Reasoning: Experience, Lessons, and Future Directions, AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.
[42]Katia Sycara .Using Case-Based Reasoning for Plan Adaptation and Repair, Proceedings of the DARPA Case-Based Reasoning Workshop, 1988.
[43] Shi Xun. A case-based reasoning approach to fuzzy soil mapping. The University of Wisconsin_Madison, 2002.