核反应堆工程地基—结构相互作用与楼层反应谱分析
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摘要
由于核工程的系统、设备及部件包容着大量的放射性物质，一旦遭到破坏而形成核泄漏，即有可能带来巨大的环境灾难。因此在核工程的设计与建造过程中必须重视抗震问题。
地基—结构相互作用分析是核工程抗震设计与安全分析中的重要环节。对于非岩石地基土，由于结构物基础面的运动受到地基—结构动力相互作用的影响，与自由场运动会有显著差别，因此在设计中必须考虑这一影响。
我国在核工程地基—结构相互作用研究方面较为滞后，在地基—结构相互作用机理、合理模拟土体反应的计算模型、核规范理解、计算机软件开发、实际工程计算等方面还处于初始阶段，还有许多工作要做。
针对上述这些问题，论文首先讨论了地基—结构相互作用的基本原理、分析的基本要求、分析模型和分析方法，并着重对二维有限元分析模型（近似三维）进行了分析。在建立的分析模型中，地基土层采用二维平面应变有限元模型，上部结构采用集中质量杆系模型，地基—结构系统地震反应可一次计算完成。
论文对FLUSH程序的原理与功能进行了介绍，同时在消化吸收FLUSH程序的组织、结构与功能的基础上进行调试和运行，并将其应用于中国 堆工程地基—结构相互作用分析，计算得到反应堆厂房各楼层在不同工况下的地震反应，同时给出了楼层反应谱，以供下一阶段设计使用。
论文对自由场与非自由场基础部位的地震反应计算结果进行了比较，得出考虑地基—结构相互作用进行结构计算时其结果比较合理的结论。
Because the systems, equipments and components of nuclear engineering contain a lot of radioactive substance. When they are ruined the nuclear leagage would be formed. It is possible that it can cause great environmental disaster. So we must attach importance to the seismic problems in the design and construction of nuclear engineering.
The Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis is of great importance to the seismic design and safety analysis of nuclear engineering. Being supported on the soil subgrade, the movement of building foundation will be affected by the Soil-Structure Interaction. That is to say that there are many differences between Free-Field Ground motion and Non-Free-Field Ground motion.So this effect must be considered in the design of nuclear engineering.
We had fallen behind with other advanced countrys in the research of Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis of nuclear engineering. We also have a lot of work to do in the fields of Soil-Structure interacting principles,mathematical model for dynamic analysis,nucleaer code understanding,computer program research and calculating for a real program etc.
First,the thesis has discussed the principles,basic requirements,models for analysis and methods of analysis,and has mainly analysed the two dimentions Finite- Element model according to our demands.In this model system,the thesis has used the two dementions Finite-Elements for the soil and Lumped-Masses for the structure.The response of the soil-structure system may be calculated in one step.
The thesis has introducted the principles and functions of FLUSH program. The testing and operating of this program had been made out based on a good understanding of organization,structure and functions of the FLUSH program. The program had been used to calculate the response of soil-structure interaction of China Reactor engineering.The Floor Response Spectrum (FRS)had been acquired simultaneously.
The thesis has compared the outcome of Free-Field Ground Motion with that of Non-Free-Field Ground Motion,and made a conclusion that considering Soil-Structure Interaction to calculate is reasonable.
地基—结构相互作用分析是核工程抗震设计与安全分析中的重要环节。对于非岩石地基土，由于结构物基础面的运动受到地基—结构动力相互作用的影响，与自由场运动会有显著差别，因此在设计中必须考虑这一影响。
我国在核工程地基—结构相互作用研究方面较为滞后，在地基—结构相互作用机理、合理模拟土体反应的计算模型、核规范理解、计算机软件开发、实际工程计算等方面还处于初始阶段，还有许多工作要做。
针对上述这些问题，论文首先讨论了地基—结构相互作用的基本原理、分析的基本要求、分析模型和分析方法，并着重对二维有限元分析模型（近似三维）进行了分析。在建立的分析模型中，地基土层采用二维平面应变有限元模型，上部结构采用集中质量杆系模型，地基—结构系统地震反应可一次计算完成。
论文对FLUSH程序的原理与功能进行了介绍，同时在消化吸收FLUSH程序的组织、结构与功能的基础上进行调试和运行，并将其应用于中国 堆工程地基—结构相互作用分析，计算得到反应堆厂房各楼层在不同工况下的地震反应，同时给出了楼层反应谱，以供下一阶段设计使用。
论文对自由场与非自由场基础部位的地震反应计算结果进行了比较，得出考虑地基—结构相互作用进行结构计算时其结果比较合理的结论。
Because the systems, equipments and components of nuclear engineering contain a lot of radioactive substance. When they are ruined the nuclear leagage would be formed. It is possible that it can cause great environmental disaster. So we must attach importance to the seismic problems in the design and construction of nuclear engineering.
The Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis is of great importance to the seismic design and safety analysis of nuclear engineering. Being supported on the soil subgrade, the movement of building foundation will be affected by the Soil-Structure Interaction. That is to say that there are many differences between Free-Field Ground motion and Non-Free-Field Ground motion.So this effect must be considered in the design of nuclear engineering.
We had fallen behind with other advanced countrys in the research of Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis of nuclear engineering. We also have a lot of work to do in the fields of Soil-Structure interacting principles,mathematical model for dynamic analysis,nucleaer code understanding,computer program research and calculating for a real program etc.
First,the thesis has discussed the principles,basic requirements,models for analysis and methods of analysis,and has mainly analysed the two dimentions Finite- Element model according to our demands.In this model system,the thesis has used the two dementions Finite-Elements for the soil and Lumped-Masses for the structure.The response of the soil-structure system may be calculated in one step.
The thesis has introducted the principles and functions of FLUSH program. The testing and operating of this program had been made out based on a good understanding of organization,structure and functions of the FLUSH program. The program had been used to calculate the response of soil-structure interaction of China Reactor engineering.The Floor Response Spectrum (FRS)had been acquired simultaneously.
The thesis has compared the outcome of Free-Field Ground Motion with that of Non-Free-Field Ground Motion,and made a conclusion that considering Soil-Structure Interaction to calculate is reasonable.
引文
[1]
胡聿贤，地震工程学，北京： 地震出版社，1988，294-310；
[2]
[日]武藤清，构物动力设计（滕家禄 等译），北京：中国建筑工业出版社， 1984，25-29；
[3]
国家技术监督局 建设部，GB50267-97，核电厂抗震设计规范，北京：中国计划出版社，1998；
[4]
国家技术监督局 建设部，GB/T16702-1996，压水堆核电厂核岛机械设备设计规范，北京：中国计划出版社，1997；
[5]
国家核安全局，HAF0100(91)，核安全法规 核电厂厂址选择安全规定，
[6]
国家核安全局，HAF0101(1)，安全导则 核电厂厂址选择中的地震问题，
[7]
国家核安全局，HAF0102，安全导则 核电厂的地震分析及试验，
[8]
国家核安全局，HAF0108，安全导则 核电厂的地基安全问题
[9]
国家和安全局，HAF0109，安全导则 核电厂厂址勘查
[10]
国家核安全局，HAF0215(1)，安全导则 核电厂的抗震设计和鉴定，
[11]
国家核安全局，HAFJ0013，核电厂厂址查勘、评价和核实中的质量保证，
[12]
国家核安全局，HAF0201(1)，安全导则 用于沸水堆、压水堆和压力管式反应堆的安全功能和部件分级，
[13]
中国核工业总公司，EJ/T925-95，压水堆核电厂核安全有关的混凝土结构设计规范，
[14]
中国核工业总公司，EJ/T926-95，压水堆核电厂预应力混凝土安全壳设计规范，
[15]
中华人民共和国建设部，GBJ11-89，建筑抗震设计规范，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989；
[16]
ASCE STANDARD4-86,Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nuclear Structures and Commentary on Standard for Seismic Analysis of Safety-Reiated Nuclear Structures, Sept,1986;
[17]
U.S.NRC STANDARD REVIEW PLAN, Rev.2, 3.7.2, Seismic System Analysis, 1989;
[18]
FLUSH程序说明书（王俊宽 谷芳毓等译）。
胡聿贤，地震工程学，北京： 地震出版社，1988，294-310；
[2]
[日]武藤清，构物动力设计（滕家禄 等译），北京：中国建筑工业出版社， 1984，25-29；
[3]
国家技术监督局 建设部，GB50267-97，核电厂抗震设计规范，北京：中国计划出版社，1998；
[4]
国家技术监督局 建设部，GB/T16702-1996，压水堆核电厂核岛机械设备设计规范，北京：中国计划出版社，1997；
[5]
国家核安全局，HAF0100(91)，核安全法规 核电厂厂址选择安全规定，
[6]
国家核安全局，HAF0101(1)，安全导则 核电厂厂址选择中的地震问题，
[7]
国家核安全局，HAF0102，安全导则 核电厂的地震分析及试验，
[8]
国家核安全局，HAF0108，安全导则 核电厂的地基安全问题
[9]
国家和安全局，HAF0109，安全导则 核电厂厂址勘查
[10]
国家核安全局，HAF0215(1)，安全导则 核电厂的抗震设计和鉴定，
[11]
国家核安全局，HAFJ0013，核电厂厂址查勘、评价和核实中的质量保证，
[12]
国家核安全局，HAF0201(1)，安全导则 用于沸水堆、压水堆和压力管式反应堆的安全功能和部件分级，
[13]
中国核工业总公司，EJ/T925-95，压水堆核电厂核安全有关的混凝土结构设计规范，
[14]
中国核工业总公司，EJ/T926-95，压水堆核电厂预应力混凝土安全壳设计规范，
[15]
中华人民共和国建设部，GBJ11-89，建筑抗震设计规范，北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989；
[16]
ASCE STANDARD4-86,Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nuclear Structures and Commentary on Standard for Seismic Analysis of Safety-Reiated Nuclear Structures, Sept,1986;
[17]
U.S.NRC STANDARD REVIEW PLAN, Rev.2, 3.7.2, Seismic System Analysis, 1989;
[18]
FLUSH程序说明书（王俊宽 谷芳毓等译）。