传导性电磁兼容关键技术研究
摘要
随着高速功率开关器件的普遍使用,大量的电力电子装置产生传导性电磁干扰问题不断出现,已成为电力电子技术进步的一个重要约束。因此对电力电子装置的传导性电磁干扰诊断技术以及其传导性干扰的产生机理研究具有十分重要的意义。
本课题基于国内外传导性电磁干扰噪声的研究现状,对比分析了基于硬件和基于软件的多种传导噪声分离网络,提出了传导性噪声诊断技术,对一商用开关电源进行传导电磁干扰测量,测试结果表明了该技术可对传导电磁干扰噪声进行有效诊断。在此基础上,开发了传导性电磁干扰智能诊断系统,该系统通过对噪声的提取、处理、诊断、分析,可得出有效的噪声抑制措施,为当前电子产品的设计提供了有效的参考,以满足电磁兼容国际标准。
本课题进一步研究了传导性干扰噪声源建模技术,阐述了噪声源建模基本原理,分析比较了几种建模方法的利弊,并利用电流探头法对已知阻抗进行了验证。更进一步,对开关电源的传导电磁干扰产生机理进行较为深入的研究,建立了开关电源传导电磁干扰模型,通过传导电磁干扰噪声机理实验,分析了驱动电路、开关管上升时间以及散热器与漏极电容Cm对噪声的影响,并利用Pspice软件进行传导性干扰的仿真研究,验证了各参数变化对仿真结果的影响。最后,提出一些有效的开关电源传导电磁干扰抑制措施:缓冲电路设计、平衡电感抑制共模干扰,仿真结果验证了这些方法的有效性。
With widely use of high-speed power switching devices, conducted EMI problems generated by power electronic equipments become more serious and have been a main restriction of progress of power electronic technology. So, researches of diagnosis technology of conducted EMI noise generated by power electronic equipments and mechanism of conducted EMI become more significant.
Focused on reviewing the research of conducted EMI noise at home and abroad, The dissertation compares different kinds of discrimination networks based on hardware and software and proposes diagnosis technology of conducted EMI noise, the testing results of a commercial SMPS verify the effective diagnosis of this technology. Based on this, intellectual diagnosis system is developed, through noise extraction、disposal、diagnosis、analysis, effective noise suppression methods could be gotten, providing reference for electronic production design in order to satisfy international EMC standards.
Research is also done on conducted EMI noise modeling technology. First, basic principle of conducted EMI noise modeling is elaborated, then several modeling methods are compared and experimental results of known resistances are given. Furthermore, some research on generation mechanism of conducted EMI of BOOST converter is done, conducted EMI models of BOOST converter are built, through experiments, influence of driving circuits、rising time、Cm between radiator and drain on EMI noise is analyzed. Simulation of conducted EMI is also done using Pspice software, influence of parameter variations on simulation results is verified. At last, some effective suppression methods of conducted EMI of SMPS are proposed: snubber circuit design and suppression of common-mode noise with balanced inductance. Simulation results verify the validity of these methods.
本课题基于国内外传导性电磁干扰噪声的研究现状,对比分析了基于硬件和基于软件的多种传导噪声分离网络,提出了传导性噪声诊断技术,对一商用开关电源进行传导电磁干扰测量,测试结果表明了该技术可对传导电磁干扰噪声进行有效诊断。在此基础上,开发了传导性电磁干扰智能诊断系统,该系统通过对噪声的提取、处理、诊断、分析,可得出有效的噪声抑制措施,为当前电子产品的设计提供了有效的参考,以满足电磁兼容国际标准。
本课题进一步研究了传导性干扰噪声源建模技术,阐述了噪声源建模基本原理,分析比较了几种建模方法的利弊,并利用电流探头法对已知阻抗进行了验证。更进一步,对开关电源的传导电磁干扰产生机理进行较为深入的研究,建立了开关电源传导电磁干扰模型,通过传导电磁干扰噪声机理实验,分析了驱动电路、开关管上升时间以及散热器与漏极电容Cm对噪声的影响,并利用Pspice软件进行传导性干扰的仿真研究,验证了各参数变化对仿真结果的影响。最后,提出一些有效的开关电源传导电磁干扰抑制措施:缓冲电路设计、平衡电感抑制共模干扰,仿真结果验证了这些方法的有效性。
With widely use of high-speed power switching devices, conducted EMI problems generated by power electronic equipments become more serious and have been a main restriction of progress of power electronic technology. So, researches of diagnosis technology of conducted EMI noise generated by power electronic equipments and mechanism of conducted EMI become more significant.
Focused on reviewing the research of conducted EMI noise at home and abroad, The dissertation compares different kinds of discrimination networks based on hardware and software and proposes diagnosis technology of conducted EMI noise, the testing results of a commercial SMPS verify the effective diagnosis of this technology. Based on this, intellectual diagnosis system is developed, through noise extraction、disposal、diagnosis、analysis, effective noise suppression methods could be gotten, providing reference for electronic production design in order to satisfy international EMC standards.
Research is also done on conducted EMI noise modeling technology. First, basic principle of conducted EMI noise modeling is elaborated, then several modeling methods are compared and experimental results of known resistances are given. Furthermore, some research on generation mechanism of conducted EMI of BOOST converter is done, conducted EMI models of BOOST converter are built, through experiments, influence of driving circuits、rising time、Cm between radiator and drain on EMI noise is analyzed. Simulation of conducted EMI is also done using Pspice software, influence of parameter variations on simulation results is verified. At last, some effective suppression methods of conducted EMI of SMPS are proposed: snubber circuit design and suppression of common-mode noise with balanced inductance. Simulation results verify the validity of these methods.
引文
[1]高攸纲.电磁兼容总论》M],北京邮电大学出版社,2001,47-59
[2]邱焱、肖雳.电磁兼容标准与认证[M],北京邮电大学出版社,2001,347-391
[3]钱照明,程肇基.电力电子系统电磁兼容设计基础及干扰抑制技术[M],浙江大学出版社,2000,116-117
[4]区健昌等.电子设备的电磁兼容性设计[M].电子工业出版社,2003
[5]马伟明.电力电子系统中的电磁兼容[M].武汉水利电力大学出版社,2000
[6]刘鹏程,邱扬.电磁兼容原理及技术[M].高等教育出版社,1993
[7]张占松、蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[8]Henry W.Ott.Noise reduction techniques in electronic system(Second edition)[M],Published by Livingston Inc.,New Jersey,1985
[9]刘鹏程、邱扬主编.电磁兼容原理及技术(第一版)[M],西安高等教育出版社,1993
[10]C.R.Paul,Hardin,K.B.,Diagnosis and reduction of conducted noise emission[J],IEEE Trans EMC,1988,Vol.30,No.4,553-560
[11]See,K.Y.,Network for conducted EMI diagnosis[J],Electronic Letters,1999,Vol.35,No.17,1446-1447
[12]Ting Guo,Chen D.Y,Lee F.C.,Separation of the common-mode and differential-mode conducted EMI noise[J],IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1996,Vol.11,No.3,480 - 488
[13]Y.K.Lo,et al.,A software-based CM and DM measurement system for conducted EMI,IEEE Trans.on Industrial Electronics,2000,Vol.47,No.4,253-255
[14]Lon M.Schneider,Noise Source Equivalent Circuit Model for Off-line Converters and Its Use in Input Filter Design,Proc.IEEE EMC Symp.,1983,167-175
[15]D.Zhang,D.Chen,MJ.Nave,D.Sable,Measurement of noise source impedance of off-line converters,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,Sept.2000,Vol.15,No.5,820-825
[16]Qian Zhaoming,WuXin,Lu Zhengyu.Status of Electromagnetic Compatibility Research in Power Electronics.International Power Eleetronics and Motion Control Conference:46-57,2000
[17]袁义生.功率变换器电磁干扰的建模[D].浙江大学博士学位论文.2002:41-42
[18]吴昕,钱照明、庞敏熙.基于反向技术的开关电源共模干扰的抑制[J].电力电子技术.2002,第二期:26-27
[19]和军平,陈为,姜建国.开关电源共模传导干扰模型的研究[J].中国电机工程学报.2005.25(8):50-55
[20]和军平,姜建国,陈斌.电力电子装置传导电磁干扰特性测量的新方法[J].电力电子技术,2001,(5):32-35
[21]和平军,姜建国,陈为.离线式PWM变换器传导电磁干扰传播通道研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(4):56-60
[22]孟进,马伟明,刘德志,张磊.交流发电机整流系统传导电磁干扰的时域模型与仿真分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(6):75-79
[23]孟进,马伟明,张磊,潘启军,赵治华.带整流桥输入的开关电源差模干扰特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(8):14-18
[24]孟进,马伟明,张磊,潘启军,赵治华.变换器传导电磁干扰集中等效模型参数估计方法[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(6):25-29
[25]孟进,马伟明,张磊,赵治华.开关电源变换器传导干扰分析及建模方法[J].中国电机工 程学报,2005,25(5):49-54
[26]MengJin,MaWeiming.A New Technique for Modeling and Analysis of Mixed-Mode Condueted EMI Noise[J].IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS,VOL.19,NO.6,2004
[27]陈斌,姜建国,孙旭东.PWM逆变器感应电机驱动系统中接地电流EMI问题的分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(2):55-62
[28]Henglin Chen,Limin Feng,Wei Chen,Zhaoming Qian,Modeling and measurement of the impedance of common mode noise source of switching converters,Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2006.APEC '06.Twenty-First Annual IEEE,March 2006,19-23
[29]杨淑霞,胡映.开关电源的抗干扰设计[J],现代电子技术,2002,No.2,18-20
[30]裴雪军.PWM逆变器传导电磁干扰的研究[D],华中科技大学博士论文.2004
[31]刘德红.电力电子装置电磁干扰传播特性的研究[D],清华大学博士论文.2002
[32]Zhao Yang,See Kye Yak,Diagnosis network performance for conducted EMI measurement,IEEE Antennas Propag Soc AP S Int Symp,2003,Vol.3,464-467
[33]曹德安.电磁兼容与EMI接收机设计的研究,优秀博硕士学位论文,2005
[34]赵阳、李世锦等.传导性EMI噪声的模态分离与噪声抑制问题探讨[J],南京师范大学学报(工程技术版),2004,Vol.4,No.4,1-4
[35]K.Y.See,L.Yang.Measurement of noise source impedance of SMPS using two current probes[J],Electronics Letters,2000,Vol.36,No.31,1774-1776
[36]Kye Yak See,Junhong Deng.Measurement of noise source impedance of SMPS using a two current probes approach,IEEE transactions on Power Electronics,2004,Vol.19,No.3,862-868
[37]刘佳.全桥开关型变换器电磁干扰模型分析与研究[D].南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文.2003:14-15
[38]童跃光.开关电源传导干扰仿真分析[D],山东大学硕士学位论文,2007
[39]茹东生,姜茂仁,李洪烈.开关电源抑制传导性电磁干扰的设计与仿真.中国测量技术,Vol.31 No.4 July,2005
[40]Y.Zhao,S.J.Li,X.M.Shen,H.Chen.Experiment and Simulation Investigation on Performance of Discrimination Networks for Conductive Electromagnetic Noise,IEEE Int.Sym.on Antenna and Propagation,USA,2005,272-275
[41]范晓平.跟着实例学VisualC++.60访问数据库.绘图.制表.北京航天航空大学出版社,2003
[42]David J.Kruglinski.Visuale++6.0技术内幕.北京:希望电子出社,2000-02
[43]Sikora,p.A.A new generation of EMI reeiver sysetm,.IEEE Inetnrational SymPosium,1994Page(s):132-137
[2]邱焱、肖雳.电磁兼容标准与认证[M],北京邮电大学出版社,2001,347-391
[3]钱照明,程肇基.电力电子系统电磁兼容设计基础及干扰抑制技术[M],浙江大学出版社,2000,116-117
[4]区健昌等.电子设备的电磁兼容性设计[M].电子工业出版社,2003
[5]马伟明.电力电子系统中的电磁兼容[M].武汉水利电力大学出版社,2000
[6]刘鹏程,邱扬.电磁兼容原理及技术[M].高等教育出版社,1993
[7]张占松、蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[8]Henry W.Ott.Noise reduction techniques in electronic system(Second edition)[M],Published by Livingston Inc.,New Jersey,1985
[9]刘鹏程、邱扬主编.电磁兼容原理及技术(第一版)[M],西安高等教育出版社,1993
[10]C.R.Paul,Hardin,K.B.,Diagnosis and reduction of conducted noise emission[J],IEEE Trans EMC,1988,Vol.30,No.4,553-560
[11]See,K.Y.,Network for conducted EMI diagnosis[J],Electronic Letters,1999,Vol.35,No.17,1446-1447
[12]Ting Guo,Chen D.Y,Lee F.C.,Separation of the common-mode and differential-mode conducted EMI noise[J],IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1996,Vol.11,No.3,480 - 488
[13]Y.K.Lo,et al.,A software-based CM and DM measurement system for conducted EMI,IEEE Trans.on Industrial Electronics,2000,Vol.47,No.4,253-255
[14]Lon M.Schneider,Noise Source Equivalent Circuit Model for Off-line Converters and Its Use in Input Filter Design,Proc.IEEE EMC Symp.,1983,167-175
[15]D.Zhang,D.Chen,MJ.Nave,D.Sable,Measurement of noise source impedance of off-line converters,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,Sept.2000,Vol.15,No.5,820-825
[16]Qian Zhaoming,WuXin,Lu Zhengyu.Status of Electromagnetic Compatibility Research in Power Electronics.International Power Eleetronics and Motion Control Conference:46-57,2000
[17]袁义生.功率变换器电磁干扰的建模[D].浙江大学博士学位论文.2002:41-42
[18]吴昕,钱照明、庞敏熙.基于反向技术的开关电源共模干扰的抑制[J].电力电子技术.2002,第二期:26-27
[19]和军平,陈为,姜建国.开关电源共模传导干扰模型的研究[J].中国电机工程学报.2005.25(8):50-55
[20]和军平,姜建国,陈斌.电力电子装置传导电磁干扰特性测量的新方法[J].电力电子技术,2001,(5):32-35
[21]和平军,姜建国,陈为.离线式PWM变换器传导电磁干扰传播通道研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(4):56-60
[22]孟进,马伟明,刘德志,张磊.交流发电机整流系统传导电磁干扰的时域模型与仿真分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(6):75-79
[23]孟进,马伟明,张磊,潘启军,赵治华.带整流桥输入的开关电源差模干扰特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(8):14-18
[24]孟进,马伟明,张磊,潘启军,赵治华.变换器传导电磁干扰集中等效模型参数估计方法[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(6):25-29
[25]孟进,马伟明,张磊,赵治华.开关电源变换器传导干扰分析及建模方法[J].中国电机工 程学报,2005,25(5):49-54
[26]MengJin,MaWeiming.A New Technique for Modeling and Analysis of Mixed-Mode Condueted EMI Noise[J].IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS,VOL.19,NO.6,2004
[27]陈斌,姜建国,孙旭东.PWM逆变器感应电机驱动系统中接地电流EMI问题的分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(2):55-62
[28]Henglin Chen,Limin Feng,Wei Chen,Zhaoming Qian,Modeling and measurement of the impedance of common mode noise source of switching converters,Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2006.APEC '06.Twenty-First Annual IEEE,March 2006,19-23
[29]杨淑霞,胡映.开关电源的抗干扰设计[J],现代电子技术,2002,No.2,18-20
[30]裴雪军.PWM逆变器传导电磁干扰的研究[D],华中科技大学博士论文.2004
[31]刘德红.电力电子装置电磁干扰传播特性的研究[D],清华大学博士论文.2002
[32]Zhao Yang,See Kye Yak,Diagnosis network performance for conducted EMI measurement,IEEE Antennas Propag Soc AP S Int Symp,2003,Vol.3,464-467
[33]曹德安.电磁兼容与EMI接收机设计的研究,优秀博硕士学位论文,2005
[34]赵阳、李世锦等.传导性EMI噪声的模态分离与噪声抑制问题探讨[J],南京师范大学学报(工程技术版),2004,Vol.4,No.4,1-4
[35]K.Y.See,L.Yang.Measurement of noise source impedance of SMPS using two current probes[J],Electronics Letters,2000,Vol.36,No.31,1774-1776
[36]Kye Yak See,Junhong Deng.Measurement of noise source impedance of SMPS using a two current probes approach,IEEE transactions on Power Electronics,2004,Vol.19,No.3,862-868
[37]刘佳.全桥开关型变换器电磁干扰模型分析与研究[D].南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文.2003:14-15
[38]童跃光.开关电源传导干扰仿真分析[D],山东大学硕士学位论文,2007
[39]茹东生,姜茂仁,李洪烈.开关电源抑制传导性电磁干扰的设计与仿真.中国测量技术,Vol.31 No.4 July,2005
[40]Y.Zhao,S.J.Li,X.M.Shen,H.Chen.Experiment and Simulation Investigation on Performance of Discrimination Networks for Conductive Electromagnetic Noise,IEEE Int.Sym.on Antenna and Propagation,USA,2005,272-275
[41]范晓平.跟着实例学VisualC++.60访问数据库.绘图.制表.北京航天航空大学出版社,2003
[42]David J.Kruglinski.Visuale++6.0技术内幕.北京:希望电子出社,2000-02
[43]Sikora,p.A.A new generation of EMI reeiver sysetm,.IEEE Inetnrational SymPosium,1994Page(s):132-137