基于元数据的通用查询统计系统研究与实现
摘要
随着应用需求的不断扩大,数据库查询技术日益显得重要。查询功能的好坏、高效程度直接反映了一个应用系统的实用程度,其中动态、交互式的查询技术在数据库的查询设计中更显得及其有价值。
使用动态实时创建的SQL语句,能根据用户实时的输入或者选择、组合要查询的条件,提供一种高效的查询。本文所作的通用查询统计系统的研究是以图书馆的科技文献查询为实验环境,此系统中的科技文献管理由于文献所包含的条目较多(如文献篇名、作者、杂志名称、刊登日期、ISBN码、页数、摘要、关键词等),在这种实际的应用环境中,应能给用户选择、组合查询条件的权利,进行高效的、目的、明确的查询。
在开发过程中,选择了Microsoft开发的ASP/ADO技术,它具有编程简单、管理方便、支持广泛、可扩充性、面向对象、与浏览器无关等特点,是当今网络数据库和动态交互网络的流行技术。
Along with the development of computer network technology, the global information times coming, more and more original data which are produced by scientific activities and everyday work, such as the numbers, files and charts, are stored in the database in digital form. How to obtain the demanded data from a large number of data continents, fast and accurate is a problem to be solved as soon as possible.
In the traditional query system, developers develop inquire, statistics, report forms, and other modules according to the users' requirements. But the users’demands are complicatedly. So it is not realistic to design all different modules for satisfying the users personalized requirement. In addition, the information-system's data structure can be changed by the developing of enterprise and the changing of market. But the traditional hard code query system is not flexible enough. So the entire query system should be redeveloped caused by some little changes. Therefore, we should adopt one common approach to satisfy all different requirements of users. The text describes a kind of query system which is based on a metadata.
For the users query requirements, the system concludes a common query system requirement of users after analyzing comprehensively.
(1)Users can select query contents freely. All information of database is in the range users' selection. From users' viewpoint, the information in the database should be displayed in natural form. So the user has not to know the table's structure in the database, the table's relationship, and the definition of data item. Details of developing database should be shielded to users, although we should get data from some tables in the database.
(2)Users can define the query case easily and freely. You search for time-date type data according to the time. You search for numerical data type according to numerical value. You search for character type data according to blurry case. It can be jointed by 'and ' or 'or' among a number of inquires according to special cases. All values of appointed data item should be browsed and selected by users.
(3)For each specific query, users can define, modify query cases and query contents repeat on the basis of original material. Users can add query cases into the last query result. Also users can expand the cases of query.
(4)Users can set many query themes by the same time parallel. It is so convenient to compare the results of query which are searched in different cases.
(5)Users can adjust the format of data output which is the result of query. Including sorting the query results, setting output contents, ect.
The system has two features.
1, Timeliness feature.
Timeliness feature makes searching system feedback query result in a short time. The method of improving timeliness is a buffer technology. It is a technology to store some query information in the memory for a long time.
2,Sequence feature sorts the query results logically. It makes sure the high relativity resources back first according to the searching results. Searching system carry’s out the procedure from heap sorting to heap inside sorting, in using the set of searching results.
The text is divided into four parts.
The first part introduces the background of information query research. It makes sure that information searching organize information effectively and search data efficiently. Information organization forms a results' set for searching easily. But data query searches results from information sets to match the query case, and seed backs the results of query. All the query searching process is based on inputting key words or query cases. It analyzes the actuality of our country's technological resource. The feature is the large amount of data, the type of resource is complex, the structure of data storing resource is complex ,and the places of data storing are separate. It introduces two kinds of common full-text searching method matches the article directly without establishing index of database. The second method establishes a kind of inverted index for the full text.
The second part introduces ASP. And it analyzes the features and proper conditions of ASP.
The advantage of ASP.
1,It is easy to develop. And it can be edited by any form of text editor. And process of developing is short.
2,ASP is flexible, its theme is a HTML and a script which is a platform-independent. It can be changed and run in any operation environment without compiled.
3,ASP program is independent of browser. It is executed in the side of server. SO the source code is hidden for the client.
4,ASP is a object-oriented language. It can use any Active component which is developed by different programming languages.
The third part introduces the research of metadata in the searching technology. It also introduces how metadata effects information searching. Metadata is a detailed description about the procedure and application program of data and controlling data. Its main objective is to provide a comprehensive guide to information resources.
The fourth part is the emphases of the text. The query statically system which is based on metadata is compared with other kinds of query system. And after analyzing the demand, it gives the kernel designing model.
The fifth part achieves the system. The text if special for the problem of promote information query in university technological literature. It bases on the research of domestic and abroad information searching developing situation, metadata principle, and the techniques in information drawing. At last, the text introduces a query statically system which has good timeliness feature.
使用动态实时创建的SQL语句,能根据用户实时的输入或者选择、组合要查询的条件,提供一种高效的查询。本文所作的通用查询统计系统的研究是以图书馆的科技文献查询为实验环境,此系统中的科技文献管理由于文献所包含的条目较多(如文献篇名、作者、杂志名称、刊登日期、ISBN码、页数、摘要、关键词等),在这种实际的应用环境中,应能给用户选择、组合查询条件的权利,进行高效的、目的、明确的查询。
在开发过程中,选择了Microsoft开发的ASP/ADO技术,它具有编程简单、管理方便、支持广泛、可扩充性、面向对象、与浏览器无关等特点,是当今网络数据库和动态交互网络的流行技术。
Along with the development of computer network technology, the global information times coming, more and more original data which are produced by scientific activities and everyday work, such as the numbers, files and charts, are stored in the database in digital form. How to obtain the demanded data from a large number of data continents, fast and accurate is a problem to be solved as soon as possible.
In the traditional query system, developers develop inquire, statistics, report forms, and other modules according to the users' requirements. But the users’demands are complicatedly. So it is not realistic to design all different modules for satisfying the users personalized requirement. In addition, the information-system's data structure can be changed by the developing of enterprise and the changing of market. But the traditional hard code query system is not flexible enough. So the entire query system should be redeveloped caused by some little changes. Therefore, we should adopt one common approach to satisfy all different requirements of users. The text describes a kind of query system which is based on a metadata.
For the users query requirements, the system concludes a common query system requirement of users after analyzing comprehensively.
(1)Users can select query contents freely. All information of database is in the range users' selection. From users' viewpoint, the information in the database should be displayed in natural form. So the user has not to know the table's structure in the database, the table's relationship, and the definition of data item. Details of developing database should be shielded to users, although we should get data from some tables in the database.
(2)Users can define the query case easily and freely. You search for time-date type data according to the time. You search for numerical data type according to numerical value. You search for character type data according to blurry case. It can be jointed by 'and ' or 'or' among a number of inquires according to special cases. All values of appointed data item should be browsed and selected by users.
(3)For each specific query, users can define, modify query cases and query contents repeat on the basis of original material. Users can add query cases into the last query result. Also users can expand the cases of query.
(4)Users can set many query themes by the same time parallel. It is so convenient to compare the results of query which are searched in different cases.
(5)Users can adjust the format of data output which is the result of query. Including sorting the query results, setting output contents, ect.
The system has two features.
1, Timeliness feature.
Timeliness feature makes searching system feedback query result in a short time. The method of improving timeliness is a buffer technology. It is a technology to store some query information in the memory for a long time.
2,Sequence feature sorts the query results logically. It makes sure the high relativity resources back first according to the searching results. Searching system carry’s out the procedure from heap sorting to heap inside sorting, in using the set of searching results.
The text is divided into four parts.
The first part introduces the background of information query research. It makes sure that information searching organize information effectively and search data efficiently. Information organization forms a results' set for searching easily. But data query searches results from information sets to match the query case, and seed backs the results of query. All the query searching process is based on inputting key words or query cases. It analyzes the actuality of our country's technological resource. The feature is the large amount of data, the type of resource is complex, the structure of data storing resource is complex ,and the places of data storing are separate. It introduces two kinds of common full-text searching method matches the article directly without establishing index of database. The second method establishes a kind of inverted index for the full text.
The second part introduces ASP. And it analyzes the features and proper conditions of ASP.
The advantage of ASP.
1,It is easy to develop. And it can be edited by any form of text editor. And process of developing is short.
2,ASP is flexible, its theme is a HTML and a script which is a platform-independent. It can be changed and run in any operation environment without compiled.
3,ASP program is independent of browser. It is executed in the side of server. SO the source code is hidden for the client.
4,ASP is a object-oriented language. It can use any Active component which is developed by different programming languages.
The third part introduces the research of metadata in the searching technology. It also introduces how metadata effects information searching. Metadata is a detailed description about the procedure and application program of data and controlling data. Its main objective is to provide a comprehensive guide to information resources.
The fourth part is the emphases of the text. The query statically system which is based on metadata is compared with other kinds of query system. And after analyzing the demand, it gives the kernel designing model.
The fifth part achieves the system. The text if special for the problem of promote information query in university technological literature. It bases on the research of domestic and abroad information searching developing situation, metadata principle, and the techniques in information drawing. At last, the text introduces a query statically system which has good timeliness feature.
引文
1、徐冠华,全面落实科学发展观,努力开创科技工作新局面[ EB /OL ]. 2004 [ 200623220 ]. http: / /www. most. gov. cn /ydtd /2004. htm
2、李晓明、李星,搜索引擎与Web挖掘进展[M ],北京:高等教育出版社,2003年,P64-P65
3、刘海清、张永林,ASP进行动态和交互式数据查询,计算机应用研究,2001年8期,P68-P70
4、徐晖、冯永兵,肖传娥、黄思宁,基于SQL的数据存储和查询,山西电子技术,2001年第3期,P15-P17
5、胡江奕,基于SQL Server的数据库应用系统性能的优化[J],计算机工程与应用,2001年,37(2):P95-P96
6、王松林,DC—Lib——我国数字图书馆元数据的首选[J],中国图书馆学报, 2004,(1): P55-P57.
7、陈艳梅,基于元数据的数字图书馆信息资源组织[J],大学图书情报学刊,2003,21(1)P40-P43.
8、刘嘉元,数据导论【M】,华艺出版社,2002
9、黄站华,ASP 技术在数据库中的应用,河北工业科技,2003 年 20卷 4 期,P19-P21
10、刘林忠、刘斌、何瑞春、张忠辅,在应用程序中通用查询功能实现方法研究,计算机应用研究,2002 年 19 卷 3 期,P17-P20
11、陶金花、文必龙、张敬波、高俊涛,一种基于元模型的关系数据库的查询方法,大庆石油学院学报,2004 年 28 卷 2 期,P69-P71
12、宋扬、李丽亚、刘胜辉,基于元数据的通用查询系统初探,机电产品开发与创新,2004 年 1 期,P1-P3
13、李竞、李旸、高正光、李启炎,一种基于元数据的 Web 通用查询系统(GQS),微计算机应用,2006 年 27 卷 3 期,P372-P375
14、肖仁锋、汝承明,基于 ASP 的图书馆借阅查询系统的设计与分析,济南职业学院学报,2005 年 4 期,P67-P68
15、陈茜、张伟,ASP 技术在图书馆网络资源建设中的应用,情报科学,2001 年 19 卷 7 期,P750-P752,P758
16、邓晶、廖小平,基于 WEB 的综合查询系统的设计与实现,南京工程学院学报,2002 年 2 卷 4 期,P36-P38
17、关文革、贾丽萍,Web 数据库综合查询系统的设计与实现,计算机与网络,2002 年 6 期,P48-P49
18、徐科、崔志明、郑冬冬,元搜索引擎中基于用户兴趣的查询结果合成研究,微电子学与计算机,2006 年 23 卷 7 期,P199-P201
19、周薇、陈景艳,一个面向用户的查询生成器的设计与实现,管理信息系统,1997 年 11 期,P22-P25,P13
20、孙红玉,元数据的研究及发展,山东教育学院学报,2003 年 18卷 6 期,P109-P112
21、高玉殊、刘瑞,基于 Web 信息组织模型的元数据检索技术,计算机应用,2006 年 26 卷 B06 期,P89-P90,P97
2、李晓明、李星,搜索引擎与Web挖掘进展[M ],北京:高等教育出版社,2003年,P64-P65
3、刘海清、张永林,ASP进行动态和交互式数据查询,计算机应用研究,2001年8期,P68-P70
4、徐晖、冯永兵,肖传娥、黄思宁,基于SQL的数据存储和查询,山西电子技术,2001年第3期,P15-P17
5、胡江奕,基于SQL Server的数据库应用系统性能的优化[J],计算机工程与应用,2001年,37(2):P95-P96
6、王松林,DC—Lib——我国数字图书馆元数据的首选[J],中国图书馆学报, 2004,(1): P55-P57.
7、陈艳梅,基于元数据的数字图书馆信息资源组织[J],大学图书情报学刊,2003,21(1)P40-P43.
8、刘嘉元,数据导论【M】,华艺出版社,2002
9、黄站华,ASP 技术在数据库中的应用,河北工业科技,2003 年 20卷 4 期,P19-P21
10、刘林忠、刘斌、何瑞春、张忠辅,在应用程序中通用查询功能实现方法研究,计算机应用研究,2002 年 19 卷 3 期,P17-P20
11、陶金花、文必龙、张敬波、高俊涛,一种基于元模型的关系数据库的查询方法,大庆石油学院学报,2004 年 28 卷 2 期,P69-P71
12、宋扬、李丽亚、刘胜辉,基于元数据的通用查询系统初探,机电产品开发与创新,2004 年 1 期,P1-P3
13、李竞、李旸、高正光、李启炎,一种基于元数据的 Web 通用查询系统(GQS),微计算机应用,2006 年 27 卷 3 期,P372-P375
14、肖仁锋、汝承明,基于 ASP 的图书馆借阅查询系统的设计与分析,济南职业学院学报,2005 年 4 期,P67-P68
15、陈茜、张伟,ASP 技术在图书馆网络资源建设中的应用,情报科学,2001 年 19 卷 7 期,P750-P752,P758
16、邓晶、廖小平,基于 WEB 的综合查询系统的设计与实现,南京工程学院学报,2002 年 2 卷 4 期,P36-P38
17、关文革、贾丽萍,Web 数据库综合查询系统的设计与实现,计算机与网络,2002 年 6 期,P48-P49
18、徐科、崔志明、郑冬冬,元搜索引擎中基于用户兴趣的查询结果合成研究,微电子学与计算机,2006 年 23 卷 7 期,P199-P201
19、周薇、陈景艳,一个面向用户的查询生成器的设计与实现,管理信息系统,1997 年 11 期,P22-P25,P13
20、孙红玉,元数据的研究及发展,山东教育学院学报,2003 年 18卷 6 期,P109-P112
21、高玉殊、刘瑞,基于 Web 信息组织模型的元数据检索技术,计算机应用,2006 年 26 卷 B06 期,P89-P90,P97