UASB-SBR工艺处理猪场水的实验和工程实例
摘要
本文对畜禽养殖废水的危害及国内外畜禽养殖废水的治理现状作了简要的概括,针对目前国内关于此类高浓度有机废水治理方法较单一,处理成本高,大多数工艺仅仅停留在试验阶段的现象,采用了UASB-SBR主体工艺处理养猪场废水,考察了UASB反应器的启动过程及运行效果,探索了不同影响因素对UASB反应器处理养猪场废水效果的影响:研究了SBR工艺的最佳工艺条件和不同因素对反应器处理效果的影响,得出最佳工艺参数,并用上述结果指导工程实践。
试验研究和工程实例表明:
1.UASB处理后COD去除率可达85%以上,SBR对COD、NH_3-N的去除率分别为85%和93%左右;处理后出水可以满足《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》。
2.UASB反应器经过两个多月的运行,最终容积负荷达到6.61kgCOD/(m~3.d)。COD的去除率在有机负荷7.52 kgCOD/(m~3.d)以下,COD去除率随着有机负荷的增加而缓慢增加,随着有机负荷的进一步增加,出现了下降趋势,COD去除率从最高的87.7%降低至64.7%左右。因此,控制有机负荷和是十分必要的。
3.通过对不同反应时段的对比试验最后确定:在SBR保持各工况时间分别为进水0.5h,曝气6.5h,缺氧搅拌1.5h,沉淀2h,排水0.5h处理效果较好。最终出水的COD和NH_3-N浓度分别为200-250mg/L和75-80mg/L。
4.实际工程的处理较好,经环保部门验收,SBR最终出水COD为262.5mg/L,NH_3-N为70.5mg/L、TP为3.2mg/L,SS为1.3mg/L,达到《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》的要求。
With the development of mechanized feedlot,environmental pollution that it(such the hoggery) brought about has become more and more serious.This paper briefly summarized the harmfulness and the treatment status of home and abroad of piggery wastewater.It is difficult and a single way to treat piggery wastewater due to higher organic waste contained in it,and the treatment cost is higher than others.However,at present,the large amount of wastewater from the poultry breeding is mostly discharged directly without appropriate treatment,so it produces a comparative pollution to the environment.Practical engineering lack correlated theory basis. This research adopts UASB-SBR craft to deal with piggery wastewater.Firstly,piggery wastewater is treated with UASB anaerobic reactor.Then,we studied the start-up of the reactor and operation efficiency.SBR(sequencing batch reactor) as follow-up of anaerobic craft. Afterward,UASB anaerobic reactor digested effluent of piggery wastewater is treated with SBR. The overall treatment result of the security system can reach the discharge standard.This thesis researches the efficiencies of UASB(anaerobic sequencing batch reactor) used in treating piggery wastewater caused by different influenced factors.Study follow-up craft the best mode terms of SBR and the efficiencies of SBR used in treating piggery wastewater caused by different influenced factors.Is it feasible that UASB-SBR craft deal with piggery wastewater and offer the basis for engineering practices.
The results of the study show that:
1.The essay disposes the piggery wastewater by UASB-SBR craft,the result from experiment indicates that above 85%COD can be treated by UASB,About 85%COD and 93% ammonia nitrogen can be removed by SBR.Finally,discharged wastewater are up to Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding.
2.UASB reactor be operated by more than two months,the final volume load add up to 6.61kgCOD/(m~3.d).When the organic loading is under the 7.52 kgCOD/m~3.d.COD removal was increased with the organic loading increase.With the loading further increase,COD removal
appeared to downward trend,COD removal from the maximum 87.7%decreased to about 64.7%.Therefore,it is the very necessary that we controlled the organic loading in disposes the piggery wastewater treatment.
3.When the piggery wastewater be disposed by SBR,keep the process conditions is influent time 0.5 hour,aeration time 6.5 hours,stirring whitout oxygen time 1.5 hours, precipitation time 2 hours,drainage time 0.5 hour.According this process,the result has the better efficiencies,the final effluent of piggery wastewater COD and ammonia nitrogen respectively are 200-250mg/L and 75-80mg/L。
4.UASB-SBR craft have a better result in the actual engineering application.After the piggery wastewater was acceptance by environmental protection department.The COD,NH_3-N, TP,SS of piggery wastewater respectively are 262.5mg/L,70.5mg/L,3.2mg/L,1.3mg/L.After it was be treated,the effluent of piggery wastewater could add up to the first discharge standard of nation standard Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding.
试验研究和工程实例表明:
1.UASB处理后COD去除率可达85%以上,SBR对COD、NH_3-N的去除率分别为85%和93%左右;处理后出水可以满足《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》。
2.UASB反应器经过两个多月的运行,最终容积负荷达到6.61kgCOD/(m~3.d)。COD的去除率在有机负荷7.52 kgCOD/(m~3.d)以下,COD去除率随着有机负荷的增加而缓慢增加,随着有机负荷的进一步增加,出现了下降趋势,COD去除率从最高的87.7%降低至64.7%左右。因此,控制有机负荷和是十分必要的。
3.通过对不同反应时段的对比试验最后确定:在SBR保持各工况时间分别为进水0.5h,曝气6.5h,缺氧搅拌1.5h,沉淀2h,排水0.5h处理效果较好。最终出水的COD和NH_3-N浓度分别为200-250mg/L和75-80mg/L。
4.实际工程的处理较好,经环保部门验收,SBR最终出水COD为262.5mg/L,NH_3-N为70.5mg/L、TP为3.2mg/L,SS为1.3mg/L,达到《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》的要求。
With the development of mechanized feedlot,environmental pollution that it(such the hoggery) brought about has become more and more serious.This paper briefly summarized the harmfulness and the treatment status of home and abroad of piggery wastewater.It is difficult and a single way to treat piggery wastewater due to higher organic waste contained in it,and the treatment cost is higher than others.However,at present,the large amount of wastewater from the poultry breeding is mostly discharged directly without appropriate treatment,so it produces a comparative pollution to the environment.Practical engineering lack correlated theory basis. This research adopts UASB-SBR craft to deal with piggery wastewater.Firstly,piggery wastewater is treated with UASB anaerobic reactor.Then,we studied the start-up of the reactor and operation efficiency.SBR(sequencing batch reactor) as follow-up of anaerobic craft. Afterward,UASB anaerobic reactor digested effluent of piggery wastewater is treated with SBR. The overall treatment result of the security system can reach the discharge standard.This thesis researches the efficiencies of UASB(anaerobic sequencing batch reactor) used in treating piggery wastewater caused by different influenced factors.Study follow-up craft the best mode terms of SBR and the efficiencies of SBR used in treating piggery wastewater caused by different influenced factors.Is it feasible that UASB-SBR craft deal with piggery wastewater and offer the basis for engineering practices.
The results of the study show that:
1.The essay disposes the piggery wastewater by UASB-SBR craft,the result from experiment indicates that above 85%COD can be treated by UASB,About 85%COD and 93% ammonia nitrogen can be removed by SBR.Finally,discharged wastewater are up to Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding.
2.UASB reactor be operated by more than two months,the final volume load add up to 6.61kgCOD/(m~3.d).When the organic loading is under the 7.52 kgCOD/m~3.d.COD removal was increased with the organic loading increase.With the loading further increase,COD removal
appeared to downward trend,COD removal from the maximum 87.7%decreased to about 64.7%.Therefore,it is the very necessary that we controlled the organic loading in disposes the piggery wastewater treatment.
3.When the piggery wastewater be disposed by SBR,keep the process conditions is influent time 0.5 hour,aeration time 6.5 hours,stirring whitout oxygen time 1.5 hours, precipitation time 2 hours,drainage time 0.5 hour.According this process,the result has the better efficiencies,the final effluent of piggery wastewater COD and ammonia nitrogen respectively are 200-250mg/L and 75-80mg/L。
4.UASB-SBR craft have a better result in the actual engineering application.After the piggery wastewater was acceptance by environmental protection department.The COD,NH_3-N, TP,SS of piggery wastewater respectively are 262.5mg/L,70.5mg/L,3.2mg/L,1.3mg/L.After it was be treated,the effluent of piggery wastewater could add up to the first discharge standard of nation standard Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding.
引文
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[7]周国彬,张英宇.规模化畜禽养殖场污染防治对策[J].辽宁城乡环境科技,2004,24(3):52-54
[8]张克强,高怀有.畜禽养殖业污染物处理与处置[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004,156-176
[9]季明,吴长征.集约化养殖对环境的危害与预防措施[J].环境科学与技术,1999,2:26-28
[10]朱文转,李传红.南方集约化养猪场污染及其防治[J].重庆环境科学,1999,6:43-45
[11]钱易,米祥友.现代废水处理新技术[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1991.
[12]姚丽贤,李国良,党志.集约化养殖禽畜中主要化学物质调查[J].应用生态学报,2006,10:63-65
[13]李淑芹,胡玖坤.畜禽粪便污染及治理技术[J].可再生能源,2003,(01):24-26
[14]规模化畜禽养殖场废水排放标准,国家环保总局、国家质监局,2003,1.1
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[16]Montuelle B et al.Piggery and cheese-dairy waste water treatment:an anaerobic/aerobic process[M].Storing,handing and springing of manure and municipal waste,1988:56-67
[17]Zeeman,G.Methane Production/Emission in Storages for Animal Manure[J].Fertilizer Research 1994,37(3):207-211
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