三螺杆泵设计及转子型线优化研究
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摘要
三螺杆泵是一种技术含量高的容积式泵。三螺杆泵因其具有结构合理、节能环保、液力脉动小、输送介质粘度适应范围广、输送流量大、平稳可靠、寿命长等显著的优点,而广泛应用在石油、化工、冶金、电力、船舶等领域,越来越受到关注。三螺杆泵属于高精度机械产品,它对设计和制造的精度很敏感,这给三螺杆泵的设计和加工带来了困难,我国目前对三螺杆泵的研究还只是停留在测绘加工的初级水平,所设计和生产出来的产品存在运动不平衡、功率损耗大、磨损快、寿命低等问题,阻碍了三螺杆泵的发展和推广应用。因此对三螺杆泵的设计、受力以及转子型线优化进行研究,对丰富螺杆泵设计理论和技术,促进螺杆泵的广泛应用,具有重要的经济意义和科学意义。
在分析三螺杆泵的传动原理和结构形式的基础上,研究了三螺杆泵螺杆转子型线的设计要求及其设计方法,推导出了螺杆转子型线的数学方程,在三维设计软件中建立了三螺杆泵的三维实体模型,进行虚拟装配及干涉检查,形成数字样机,分析了三螺杆泵螺杆转子的力学特性,应用有限元法对主、从螺杆的应力分布进行了数值仿真,分析了螺杆转子齿顶修正的方法,应用渐开线对主、从螺杆的齿顶进行了优化,解决目前螺杆转子齿顶修正所存在的问题。本文的主要研究内容如下:
①分析了三螺杆泵的传动原理及其结构特征,研究了三螺杆泵应该满足的四类密封条件
②研究了三螺杆泵螺杆转子型线的设计要求,分析了螺杆转子型线的设计方法,推导出了主、从螺杆的端面齿形曲线,建立了三螺杆泵各零部件的三维实体模型,进行了虚拟装配和干涉检查,形成了虚拟样机。
③对三螺杆泵的螺杆转子进行了受力分析,建立了主、从螺杆的三维有限元分析模型,应用有限元法对主、从螺杆的应力分布进行了数值模拟。
④分析了三螺杆泵螺杆转子齿顶修正的方法以及所存在的问题,应用渐开线对主、从螺杆齿顶进行优化,推导出优化曲线的数学方程,改善了螺杆的加工工艺以及受力状况。
Three screw pump is a positive displacement pump which has high technology. Because of structure proper redistribution、energy-saving、small hydraulic impulsive> wide applied range on spread of viscosity、great feeding flux、calm and credibility、longevity and so on, three screw pump is extensive used in oil industry、chemical industry、metallurgy、shipping. Three screw pump is one of high degree of accuracy mechanical manufacture, it requirements high degree of accuracy in design and manufacture, so it is difficult in machining about the three screw pump. Now we just do some research in mapping and machining about three screw pump. So there is much problem in the manufacture, such as unbalanced movement、large power wastage、wear and tear quickly> low natural life and so on. Block the development and adhibition about the three screw pump. So it is very necessary to do some research in design、stress and optimization about molded lines.
With the analysis in transmission principium and structure modality about the three screw pump, study the demand and the way of the design of rotor molded lines. Making out the mathematics equation of the rotor molded line. Establishing three-dimensional model about the three screw pump in the 3-d design software, do some virtual assemble and interference checking. Analyzed the mechanical characteristics and the problem in addendum correction of the rotor. Do some numerical Simulation about the screws with finite element methods. Optimize the addendum with involutes. The follows are the main study contents.
①Analysis the transmission principle and structure characteristic, and research the sealed situation of the three screw pump.
②study the design requirement of the rotor shape about the three screw pump. Analysis the design methods about the rotor shape in screw. Deduce the profile curve about the screw. Establish three-dimensional model about the screw pump. Do some virtual assemble and interference checking.
③Screws' rotors were force analyzed, the main and driven screw's 3D finite element model was established, at the same time, their stress distribution were numerical simulation by the finite element method.
④Three screw pump rotor's profile line's problem and its optimization method was analyzed, then main and driven rotors' profile line were optimized, deduced the optimization curves' equations, in that way, it greatly improved screws' processing technology and force conditions.
在分析三螺杆泵的传动原理和结构形式的基础上,研究了三螺杆泵螺杆转子型线的设计要求及其设计方法,推导出了螺杆转子型线的数学方程,在三维设计软件中建立了三螺杆泵的三维实体模型,进行虚拟装配及干涉检查,形成数字样机,分析了三螺杆泵螺杆转子的力学特性,应用有限元法对主、从螺杆的应力分布进行了数值仿真,分析了螺杆转子齿顶修正的方法,应用渐开线对主、从螺杆的齿顶进行了优化,解决目前螺杆转子齿顶修正所存在的问题。本文的主要研究内容如下:
①分析了三螺杆泵的传动原理及其结构特征,研究了三螺杆泵应该满足的四类密封条件
②研究了三螺杆泵螺杆转子型线的设计要求,分析了螺杆转子型线的设计方法,推导出了主、从螺杆的端面齿形曲线,建立了三螺杆泵各零部件的三维实体模型,进行了虚拟装配和干涉检查,形成了虚拟样机。
③对三螺杆泵的螺杆转子进行了受力分析,建立了主、从螺杆的三维有限元分析模型,应用有限元法对主、从螺杆的应力分布进行了数值模拟。
④分析了三螺杆泵螺杆转子齿顶修正的方法以及所存在的问题,应用渐开线对主、从螺杆齿顶进行优化,推导出优化曲线的数学方程,改善了螺杆的加工工艺以及受力状况。
Three screw pump is a positive displacement pump which has high technology. Because of structure proper redistribution、energy-saving、small hydraulic impulsive> wide applied range on spread of viscosity、great feeding flux、calm and credibility、longevity and so on, three screw pump is extensive used in oil industry、chemical industry、metallurgy、shipping. Three screw pump is one of high degree of accuracy mechanical manufacture, it requirements high degree of accuracy in design and manufacture, so it is difficult in machining about the three screw pump. Now we just do some research in mapping and machining about three screw pump. So there is much problem in the manufacture, such as unbalanced movement、large power wastage、wear and tear quickly> low natural life and so on. Block the development and adhibition about the three screw pump. So it is very necessary to do some research in design、stress and optimization about molded lines.
With the analysis in transmission principium and structure modality about the three screw pump, study the demand and the way of the design of rotor molded lines. Making out the mathematics equation of the rotor molded line. Establishing three-dimensional model about the three screw pump in the 3-d design software, do some virtual assemble and interference checking. Analyzed the mechanical characteristics and the problem in addendum correction of the rotor. Do some numerical Simulation about the screws with finite element methods. Optimize the addendum with involutes. The follows are the main study contents.
①Analysis the transmission principle and structure characteristic, and research the sealed situation of the three screw pump.
②study the design requirement of the rotor shape about the three screw pump. Analysis the design methods about the rotor shape in screw. Deduce the profile curve about the screw. Establish three-dimensional model about the screw pump. Do some virtual assemble and interference checking.
③Screws' rotors were force analyzed, the main and driven screw's 3D finite element model was established, at the same time, their stress distribution were numerical simulation by the finite element method.
④Three screw pump rotor's profile line's problem and its optimization method was analyzed, then main and driven rotors' profile line were optimized, deduced the optimization curves' equations, in that way, it greatly improved screws' processing technology and force conditions.
引文
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[3]王旭 李洪艳等3G螺杆泵的研制与应用《科技与效益》10.1997
[4]刘晓敏等.摆线啮合三螺杆泵成型设计与制造技术研究《石油机械》01.2002
[5]宋超 陈茗AutoCAD之下的一种基于曲线拟合的螺纹建模《电子机械工程》03.2004
[6]刘慧 张慕鸿 常规螺杆元件四面体间隙的拟合《北京化工大学学报》 03.2005
[7]向明光等 地面驱动双头单螺杆泵的应用与效果分析《石油矿场机械》 02.2004
[8]李福天 高压三螺杆泵的若干改进途径《机电设备》05.1995
[9]曹刚等 国外螺杆泵举升工艺的新进展《石油机械》03.2004
[10]熊伟 基于三维的双螺杆压缩机转子干涉研究《机械工程学报》06.2005
[11]刘春姐 几种干式螺杆真空泵转子型线特性的研究《真空与低温》04.2005
[12]魏纪德等 螺杆泵抽油杆柱负载扭矩计算《石油机械》09.1995
[13]杨玉生 螺杆泵抽油杆柱轴向力的计算《石油矿场机械》01.1991
[14]师国臣等 螺杆泵结构参数对工作特性的影响《石油机械》10.2001
[15]沈闫 曾健 螺杆泵吸入系统的设计《机械设计与制造工程》09.1998
[16]张洪森 赵炜 螺杆泵应用发展14年 《国外油田工程》05.2004
[17]吴仕贵 冯永泉 螺杆泵优化设计方法及应用 《石油钻采工艺》01.1997
[18]宋超 郑梅生 螺杆泵主从螺杆虚拟建模 《机械设计与制造》02.2005
[19]张军等 螺杆泵转速选择应考虑的几个问题 《石油钻采工艺》02.1998
[20]韦铜亮 李争齐 螺杆泵转子的铣刀设计问题《机电设备》03.1998
[21]李光华等 螺杆泵转子型线研究《海军工程大学学报》10.2001
[22]章尽莹 王隆太 螺杆的内旋包络铣削法及其数控加工的数学建模《机械研究与应用》10.2005
[23]易先中 高德利等 螺杆马达定转子共轭线形的优化设计模型研究 《石油矿场机械》02.2004
[24]赵宁 李碧浩等 螺杆转子动力学性能有限元分析 《现代制造工程》03.2006
[25]李增进 三螺杆泵(SN型)22程设计探讨《油气综合利用工程》01.1994
[26]李尚武 三螺杆泵泵轴强度计算《机械科学与技术》03.1996
[27]陈金海 陈德伟 三螺杆泵型线分析及改进《水泵技术》01.1995
[28]袁荣娟 提高双螺杆泵工作性能和工作寿命的途径《机床与液压》04.2003
[29]李增亮 蔡秀玲 液力驱动式单螺杆泵设计计算《石油机械》 12.2001
[30]吴凤和 影响双螺杆泵同步齿轮性能的因素及改进途径《机床与液压》06.2001
[31]国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要,2007
[32]张洪森,赵炜,李发荣,螺杆泵应用发展14年,国外油田工程,2004,20(5):21-23
[33]C.Feng,P.Yueyuan,X.Ziwen,S.Pengcheng,Thermodynamic performance simulation of a twin-screw multiphase pump,Proceedings of the I MECH E Part E Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2001(2):157-163.
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