黑龙江省金融生态环境及其评价
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摘要
金融生态是一个从自然生态的概念中引申出来的仿生概念。运用生态学的方法和成果来分析和考察金融问题时不难发现，金融系统的确是一个具有很多生态学特征的系统，这有助于认识和分析我国金融体系存在的问题，并可以通过生态问题的思考模式来有效的解释我国的金融问题，
中国金融体系存在资源配置效率不高、大量不良资产积累、最具市场性的金融资源不能按照市场化原则运行等问题。在过去的研究中，停留在金融机构内部寻找答案，所获得的解释不能令人满意。正是在这一背景下，金融生态概念应运而生，并一经提出，就表现出了较强的理论生命力。对于我国金融生态的形成历史和发展逻辑、决定我国金融生态环境状况构成因素等问题的回答构成了本文的研究思路。
本文首先对金融生态环境因子来源、概念、内容等进行详细研究，构建金融生态环境因子模型；其次，提出金融生态的实质是协调金融主体与各环境因子的匹配状态，并对两者之间的匹配运动进行初步探讨。再次，为实例分析提供基本的理论模型，也为政策建议提供理论依据。以提供的基本理论模型为基础，对黑龙江金融生态环境进行评价。最后，在理论研究基础上，结合黑龙江省老工业基地的经济特点，就如何加强本省的金融生态环境建设，促进本地区的金融成长与经济的可持续发展，提出政策建议。
本文研究成果的应用将指导黑龙江省的金融生态环境建设，促进黑龙江省的金融成长和经济可持续发展，为黑龙江省的经济振兴奠定坚实的基础。
Financial ecology is a new concept amplified on nature ecology. Using ecological methods and results to analyze and study the financial problems, it is not difficult to discover that financial system is really a system with many ecological characters. This helps us to understand and analyze the problems existing in financial system. It also can effectively explain Chinese financial problems through the thinking patterns of ecological problems.
Chinese financial system has many problems such as financial resource allocation, nonpefforming loans (NPLs), marketing rules and so on. The past study tells us that it could not find better answer when we only research in the inner of financial system. So, it was the background that the concept of financial ecology was put up. And on the emerging, the concept performs a strong theorical vitality. So what is the financial ecology? How about the logic of Chinese financial ecological develop? What constitute and decide Chinese financial ecology? These answers are the mainly logic connection of this paper.
First of all, this paper studies on the sources, concepts of the financial ecology environment factors and so on. It also constructs the factor model of the financial ecology environment. Secondly, we propose that financial ecology, in essence, is to coordinate the financial subjects with the environmental factors in matching state. In the meanwhile, we discuss the match campaigns between them. Again, we provide basic empirical model, as well as provide a theoretical basis for policy recommendations. On the base of the basic theoretical model, we do empirical study on Heilongjiang Province. Finally, on the theoretical and empirical research, based on the Heilongjiang Province's old industrial bases economy, we put forward policy recommendations on how to strengthen the financial ecology environment, and promote the region's financial growth and sustain economic development.
In addition, the application of this research will guide Heilongjiang Province to construct financial ecology environment, to promote the growth of the finance and economic sustainable development and lay a solid foundation of economic revitalization.
中国金融体系存在资源配置效率不高、大量不良资产积累、最具市场性的金融资源不能按照市场化原则运行等问题。在过去的研究中，停留在金融机构内部寻找答案，所获得的解释不能令人满意。正是在这一背景下，金融生态概念应运而生，并一经提出，就表现出了较强的理论生命力。对于我国金融生态的形成历史和发展逻辑、决定我国金融生态环境状况构成因素等问题的回答构成了本文的研究思路。
本文首先对金融生态环境因子来源、概念、内容等进行详细研究，构建金融生态环境因子模型；其次，提出金融生态的实质是协调金融主体与各环境因子的匹配状态，并对两者之间的匹配运动进行初步探讨。再次，为实例分析提供基本的理论模型，也为政策建议提供理论依据。以提供的基本理论模型为基础，对黑龙江金融生态环境进行评价。最后，在理论研究基础上，结合黑龙江省老工业基地的经济特点，就如何加强本省的金融生态环境建设，促进本地区的金融成长与经济的可持续发展，提出政策建议。
本文研究成果的应用将指导黑龙江省的金融生态环境建设，促进黑龙江省的金融成长和经济可持续发展，为黑龙江省的经济振兴奠定坚实的基础。
Financial ecology is a new concept amplified on nature ecology. Using ecological methods and results to analyze and study the financial problems, it is not difficult to discover that financial system is really a system with many ecological characters. This helps us to understand and analyze the problems existing in financial system. It also can effectively explain Chinese financial problems through the thinking patterns of ecological problems.
Chinese financial system has many problems such as financial resource allocation, nonpefforming loans (NPLs), marketing rules and so on. The past study tells us that it could not find better answer when we only research in the inner of financial system. So, it was the background that the concept of financial ecology was put up. And on the emerging, the concept performs a strong theorical vitality. So what is the financial ecology? How about the logic of Chinese financial ecological develop? What constitute and decide Chinese financial ecology? These answers are the mainly logic connection of this paper.
First of all, this paper studies on the sources, concepts of the financial ecology environment factors and so on. It also constructs the factor model of the financial ecology environment. Secondly, we propose that financial ecology, in essence, is to coordinate the financial subjects with the environmental factors in matching state. In the meanwhile, we discuss the match campaigns between them. Again, we provide basic empirical model, as well as provide a theoretical basis for policy recommendations. On the base of the basic theoretical model, we do empirical study on Heilongjiang Province. Finally, on the theoretical and empirical research, based on the Heilongjiang Province's old industrial bases economy, we put forward policy recommendations on how to strengthen the financial ecology environment, and promote the region's financial growth and sustain economic development.
In addition, the application of this research will guide Heilongjiang Province to construct financial ecology environment, to promote the growth of the finance and economic sustainable development and lay a solid foundation of economic revitalization.
引文
[1]贾新政．金融生态环境与区域经济发展研究[J]．河南社会科学．2004，(7)：88-90
[2]那洪生，刘希忠，黄力新．黑龙江省金融生态环境建设的实证分析[J]．黑龙江金融，2007，3：11～14
[3]周小川．中国经济50人论坛．金融时报[M]．北京：人民大学出版社，2004，12
[4]李扬等．中国城市金融生态环境评价报告．2005，11
[5]徐诺金．论我国的金融生态问题[J]．金融研究．2005，(2)：35～40
[6]张鹏，姜玉东．我国金融生态体系的改进与优化[M]．财经科学．成都：西南财经大学出版社，2005，4
[7]苏宁．“金融生态环境”的基本内涵[J]．金融信息参考．2005，(10)：17～19
[8]韩平．金融生态链的扣咬合是关键[M]．金融时报．北京：人民大学出版社，2005，8
[9]樊行建．现代财务经济分析学[M]．成都：西南财经大学出版社，2004
[10]徐小林，区域金融生态环境评价方法[J]．金融研究．2005，(11)：39～45
[11]支大林．中国区域金融研究．东北师范大学博士学位论文，2002
[12]曹凑贵．生态学概论fM]．北京：高等教育出版社．2002
[13]李博，杨持，林鹏．生态学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，2000：
[14]刘宗超．现代生态学透视[M]．北京：科学出版社，1990
[15]J.L.Chapman and M.J.Reiss. Ecology-principles and applications．北京：清华大学出版社，2001
[16]Blattberg, Robert C. and John Deighton. Manage Marketing by the Customer Equity Test. Harvard University Review, 1997:1-2
[17]Baum, J. A. C and C. Oliver. Institutional linkages and organizational mortality, Administrative Science Quarterly. 1991, (36): 187-218
[18]方昕．区域金融生态环境质量监测评价研究[J]．西南金融．2007，(2)：57～59
[19]H．哈肯．协同学—自然成功的奥秘[M]．上海：科学普及出版社．1988
[20]Coriat B. Variety, routines and networks: The metamorphosis of Fordist firms. Industrial Marketing Management,1995, (30):205-256
[21]Jones C. and R. J. Defillippi. Back to the future in film: Combining industry and selfknowledge to meet career challenges of the 21st century. Academy of management Executive. 1996, (10):89-104
[22]尚玉昌．普通生态学[M]．北京：北京大学出版社．2002
[23]李京文．制度创新与管理创新：意义、趋势与任务[J]．当代财经．2001，(11)：3—8
[24]易传和，褚彩云．区域金融稳定评价指标体系研究[J]．济南金融．2003，(11)：3—6
[25]Chan Kim. W. and Renee Mauborgne. Value Innovation: theStrategic logic of High Growth. Harvard Business Review,1997, (2):1-2
[26]中国统计年鉴．北京：中国统计局．1995-2006，
[27]徐诺金．优化金融生态环境 促进广东金融强省建设[J]．南方金融，2005，(9)：12～14
[28]张杰．中国金融体制的结构与变迁[M]．太原：山西经济出版社．1999
[29]雷蒙德·W·戈德史密斯．金融结构与金融发展[M]．上海：上海三联书店．1994
[30]罗纳德·I·麦金农．经济发展中的货币与资本[M]．上海：上海三联书店．1994
[31]爱德华·S·肖．经济发展中的金融深化[M]．上海：上海三联书店，1998
[32]周小川．完善法律制度 改进金融生态[J]．金融时报．2004，12．
[33]徐诺金．优化金融生态环境 促进广东金融强省建设[J]．南方金融，2005，(9)：12～14
[34]岳隆杰．对改善区域金融生态环境的思考[J]．济南金融，2005，(4)：18～19
[35]周宗安，邓岩．关于金融生态的几点思考[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：11～12
[36]刘振海．关于地区金融生态环境建设问题的分析与思考[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：16-18
[37]贾广军．以完善社会信用体系为突破口 切实改进辖区金融生态[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：12-14
[38]顾延善．对区域金融生态环境评价的探索与实践[J]．济南金融．2005，(9)：30～31
[39]任香芬．改善金融生态环境的途径探讨[J]．济南金融．2005，(9)：28～29
[40]周振海．推进区域金融生态建设 支持吉林老工业基地振兴[J]．中国金融．2005，(11)：30～31
[41]黄湘雄，呙玉红．广东区域金融发展实证研究[J]．南方金融．2004，(9)：22-24
[42]于楠，苏俊儒．乐山金融生态实证分析[J]．西南金融．2005，(6)：34～35
[43]吴大庆，王定芳．构建良好金融生态环境 促进金融经济和谐发展[J]．武汉金融，2005，(9)：16～17
[44]黄潞．金融生态环境建设：本质、影响和前景[J]．农村金融研究．2005，(9)：25～27
[45]董延岭，李柯．我国金融生态体系优化刍议[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：14～16
[46]杨子强．金融生态环境与经济健康发展[J]．银行家．2005，(6)：24～28
[47]郭世辉．现行国际金融体系缺陷与全球金融动荡关系之研究[J]．陕西经贸学院学报，2000，8
[48]黑龙江金融年鉴．哈尔滨：黑龙江统计局．1995-2004
[49]Roland White & Paul Smoke, East Asia Decentralizes. World Bank, 2005
[50]China National Development and Sub-national Finance, A Review of Provincial Expenditure, Washington D.C. World Bank, 2002
[51]Demirguc-Kunt, Ash & Maksimovic, Vojislav. Stock Market Development and Financing Choices of Firms. World Bank Economic Review. Oxford University Press, 1996: 341-69.
[51]Meyer L.H. The present and future,role banks in small business finance. Journal of Banking and Finance, 1998, 12
[52]Decentralization in the Transition Economies, Challenges and the Way Ahead, Washington D.C. World Bank, 2002
[53]黑龙江省2006年政府工作报告．
[54]黑龙江省2006年金融运行报告．
[2]那洪生，刘希忠，黄力新．黑龙江省金融生态环境建设的实证分析[J]．黑龙江金融，2007，3：11～14
[3]周小川．中国经济50人论坛．金融时报[M]．北京：人民大学出版社，2004，12
[4]李扬等．中国城市金融生态环境评价报告．2005，11
[5]徐诺金．论我国的金融生态问题[J]．金融研究．2005，(2)：35～40
[6]张鹏，姜玉东．我国金融生态体系的改进与优化[M]．财经科学．成都：西南财经大学出版社，2005，4
[7]苏宁．“金融生态环境”的基本内涵[J]．金融信息参考．2005，(10)：17～19
[8]韩平．金融生态链的扣咬合是关键[M]．金融时报．北京：人民大学出版社，2005，8
[9]樊行建．现代财务经济分析学[M]．成都：西南财经大学出版社，2004
[10]徐小林，区域金融生态环境评价方法[J]．金融研究．2005，(11)：39～45
[11]支大林．中国区域金融研究．东北师范大学博士学位论文，2002
[12]曹凑贵．生态学概论fM]．北京：高等教育出版社．2002
[13]李博，杨持，林鹏．生态学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，2000：
[14]刘宗超．现代生态学透视[M]．北京：科学出版社，1990
[15]J.L.Chapman and M.J.Reiss. Ecology-principles and applications．北京：清华大学出版社，2001
[16]Blattberg, Robert C. and John Deighton. Manage Marketing by the Customer Equity Test. Harvard University Review, 1997:1-2
[17]Baum, J. A. C and C. Oliver. Institutional linkages and organizational mortality, Administrative Science Quarterly. 1991, (36): 187-218
[18]方昕．区域金融生态环境质量监测评价研究[J]．西南金融．2007，(2)：57～59
[19]H．哈肯．协同学—自然成功的奥秘[M]．上海：科学普及出版社．1988
[20]Coriat B. Variety, routines and networks: The metamorphosis of Fordist firms. Industrial Marketing Management,1995, (30):205-256
[21]Jones C. and R. J. Defillippi. Back to the future in film: Combining industry and selfknowledge to meet career challenges of the 21st century. Academy of management Executive. 1996, (10):89-104
[22]尚玉昌．普通生态学[M]．北京：北京大学出版社．2002
[23]李京文．制度创新与管理创新：意义、趋势与任务[J]．当代财经．2001，(11)：3—8
[24]易传和，褚彩云．区域金融稳定评价指标体系研究[J]．济南金融．2003，(11)：3—6
[25]Chan Kim. W. and Renee Mauborgne. Value Innovation: theStrategic logic of High Growth. Harvard Business Review,1997, (2):1-2
[26]中国统计年鉴．北京：中国统计局．1995-2006，
[27]徐诺金．优化金融生态环境 促进广东金融强省建设[J]．南方金融，2005，(9)：12～14
[28]张杰．中国金融体制的结构与变迁[M]．太原：山西经济出版社．1999
[29]雷蒙德·W·戈德史密斯．金融结构与金融发展[M]．上海：上海三联书店．1994
[30]罗纳德·I·麦金农．经济发展中的货币与资本[M]．上海：上海三联书店．1994
[31]爱德华·S·肖．经济发展中的金融深化[M]．上海：上海三联书店，1998
[32]周小川．完善法律制度 改进金融生态[J]．金融时报．2004，12．
[33]徐诺金．优化金融生态环境 促进广东金融强省建设[J]．南方金融，2005，(9)：12～14
[34]岳隆杰．对改善区域金融生态环境的思考[J]．济南金融，2005，(4)：18～19
[35]周宗安，邓岩．关于金融生态的几点思考[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：11～12
[36]刘振海．关于地区金融生态环境建设问题的分析与思考[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：16-18
[37]贾广军．以完善社会信用体系为突破口 切实改进辖区金融生态[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：12-14
[38]顾延善．对区域金融生态环境评价的探索与实践[J]．济南金融．2005，(9)：30～31
[39]任香芬．改善金融生态环境的途径探讨[J]．济南金融．2005，(9)：28～29
[40]周振海．推进区域金融生态建设 支持吉林老工业基地振兴[J]．中国金融．2005，(11)：30～31
[41]黄湘雄，呙玉红．广东区域金融发展实证研究[J]．南方金融．2004，(9)：22-24
[42]于楠，苏俊儒．乐山金融生态实证分析[J]．西南金融．2005，(6)：34～35
[43]吴大庆，王定芳．构建良好金融生态环境 促进金融经济和谐发展[J]．武汉金融，2005，(9)：16～17
[44]黄潞．金融生态环境建设：本质、影响和前景[J]．农村金融研究．2005，(9)：25～27
[45]董延岭，李柯．我国金融生态体系优化刍议[J]．济南金融．2005，(4)：14～16
[46]杨子强．金融生态环境与经济健康发展[J]．银行家．2005，(6)：24～28
[47]郭世辉．现行国际金融体系缺陷与全球金融动荡关系之研究[J]．陕西经贸学院学报，2000，8
[48]黑龙江金融年鉴．哈尔滨：黑龙江统计局．1995-2004
[49]Roland White & Paul Smoke, East Asia Decentralizes. World Bank, 2005
[50]China National Development and Sub-national Finance, A Review of Provincial Expenditure, Washington D.C. World Bank, 2002
[51]Demirguc-Kunt, Ash & Maksimovic, Vojislav. Stock Market Development and Financing Choices of Firms. World Bank Economic Review. Oxford University Press, 1996: 341-69.
[51]Meyer L.H. The present and future,role banks in small business finance. Journal of Banking and Finance, 1998, 12
[52]Decentralization in the Transition Economies, Challenges and the Way Ahead, Washington D.C. World Bank, 2002
[53]黑龙江省2006年政府工作报告．
[54]黑龙江省2006年金融运行报告．