我国军事科技新闻传播特征研究
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摘要
世界军事战场风云变幻,以信息技术为核心的新军事变革让媒体成为一种作战工具登上了新的历史舞台。从世界军事科技和全球传媒业的发展来看,军事科技新闻传播的作用是巨大的,特别是在整体和平、局部动荡的国际形势下,探讨军事科技新闻传播特点及规律,构建既有中国特色又符合新军事变革需求的军事科技新闻传播模式,是我国军事新闻传播事业发展的当务之急,对促进我国政治、军事、经济和新闻传播事业的发展都有着十分重要的意义。
军事科技新闻,主要是指军事领域内新近发生或发现的科技事件、科技成果、武器装备、科技人物等事实的报道。它的基本特点是:(1)政治性和严肃性;(2)思想性和导向性;(3)原生性和独特性;(4)专业性和理论性。
我国军事科技新闻按内容可划分为:军事重大科技事件、军事科技新成果、军事新武器装备、军事科技人物。军事科技新闻传播作为新闻传播的一种类型,它的首要功能和基本功能是传播军事科技信息,报道军事科技动态,满足受众需要。军事科技新闻传播的功能还表现为:(1)它是强有力的政治作战工具;(2)它是提高部队战斗力的法宝;(3)它是促进科技成果转化的中介;(4)它是提高全民国防意识的桥梁;(5)它是普及军事科技知识的教材。
军事科技新闻传播的要求是:(1)宣传目的明确;(2)传播讲究策略;(3)内容保密优先。由于军事科技新闻传播的特殊性,在信息的采集过程中,时常会受到保密性限制,信息渠道窄,审稿、发稿制度严。因此,在采访过程中应把握好信息采集重点,遵循信息采集原则:结合战略需求、把握受众需要、严守保密规定,并积极拓宽采集渠道,合理有效地开展军事科技新闻信息采集工作。
要实现有效的军事科技新闻传播,除了应充分利用不同媒体的传播优势外,还要加强媒体间的优势互补、进行“媒体联动”,积极主动地开展新闻传播活动。军事科技新闻传播的目的性、计划性很强,须注重选题与策划。良好的军事科技新闻传播选题策划方案应具有如下特点:(1)紧密联系军事活动;(2)充分挖掘事物报道潜力;(3)符合受众需求;(4)体现军事科技特色;(5)具有可操作性。军事科技新闻传播应从我国国情出发,把握军事科技新闻特殊性和传播优势,找准媒体定位,选好报道角度、突出自身特色,在传播军事科技信息、满足受众需求的基础上,积极宣传我军科技事业的发展,引导正确的舆论,真正实现传播价值与战略价值的最大化。
With the continuous variation of the international military circumstance and the development of information technology, media is regarded as a kind of military tool in the process of new military revolution. In the sight of the development of international military technology and media industry, the Military Science and Technology News (MSTN) report is playing an important role, especially when the world is peaceful in majority but conflict in minority. Under this situation, it is vital to promote the Chinese MSTN report by exploring its features and rules, and sum up an appropriate report mode of Sinicism which meets the requirements of modern military revolution.
MSTN refers to the currently happened and currently discovered military events and achievements, arms and equipments, and people who concentrate on the field of MSTN. The basic characteristics of MSTN are, coinciding with (1) the polity and solemnity, allying with (2) the ideology and directivity, (3) original and unique, (4) professional and academic, according with (5) sensitivity and secrecy which are the dominant distinct features differentiated with other types of news.
According to the content, Chinese MSTN contains significant military science and technology events and outcomes, advanced weapons and equipments, military scientists and popular military science. It indicates that MSTN report is (1) a powerful political tool, (2) a powerful weapon to enhance the battle effectiveness of troops, (3) a medium to accelerate the conversion of science and technology achievements, (4) a bridge to improve the national defense consciousness, and (5) a textbook of popularizing military science.
Furthermore, (1) a clear purpose, (2) an appropriate strategy, (3) a secrecy priority are the features of MSTN report. Due to these features, MSTN gathering is restrict to secrecy, few obtained channels, strict reviews and publications. Therefore, in the process of interview, the key point of MSTN gathering should be caught, and the principles should be followed which include strategic needs, audience requirements and secrecy rules. Besides, actively exploiting the channels of MSTN gathering and carry it out reasonably and efficiently also should be followed.
For achieving good report effects, in addition to using the advantages of different media, strengthening the interaction with others and actively carrying out MSTN report must be done. Owing to the clear purpose and arrangement of MSTN, the topics of reports need to be well chosen and masterminded. The traits of the chosen topics and arrangements are as follow: (1) closely contacting with military activities, (2) digging the potential truth of events, (3) consisting with the needs of audience, (4) exhibiting the characters of military science and technology and (5) can be realized. In addition, Chinese MSTN report should be based on the native surroundings. Therefore, we must adequately know about the particularity and the advantages of report, determine media orientation, find proper point and stand out the features of MSTN to propagandize the development of Chinese military science and technology, correctly guide the native public opinion, and realize maximizing the values of our MSTN report and stratagem.
军事科技新闻,主要是指军事领域内新近发生或发现的科技事件、科技成果、武器装备、科技人物等事实的报道。它的基本特点是:(1)政治性和严肃性;(2)思想性和导向性;(3)原生性和独特性;(4)专业性和理论性。
我国军事科技新闻按内容可划分为:军事重大科技事件、军事科技新成果、军事新武器装备、军事科技人物。军事科技新闻传播作为新闻传播的一种类型,它的首要功能和基本功能是传播军事科技信息,报道军事科技动态,满足受众需要。军事科技新闻传播的功能还表现为:(1)它是强有力的政治作战工具;(2)它是提高部队战斗力的法宝;(3)它是促进科技成果转化的中介;(4)它是提高全民国防意识的桥梁;(5)它是普及军事科技知识的教材。
军事科技新闻传播的要求是:(1)宣传目的明确;(2)传播讲究策略;(3)内容保密优先。由于军事科技新闻传播的特殊性,在信息的采集过程中,时常会受到保密性限制,信息渠道窄,审稿、发稿制度严。因此,在采访过程中应把握好信息采集重点,遵循信息采集原则:结合战略需求、把握受众需要、严守保密规定,并积极拓宽采集渠道,合理有效地开展军事科技新闻信息采集工作。
要实现有效的军事科技新闻传播,除了应充分利用不同媒体的传播优势外,还要加强媒体间的优势互补、进行“媒体联动”,积极主动地开展新闻传播活动。军事科技新闻传播的目的性、计划性很强,须注重选题与策划。良好的军事科技新闻传播选题策划方案应具有如下特点:(1)紧密联系军事活动;(2)充分挖掘事物报道潜力;(3)符合受众需求;(4)体现军事科技特色;(5)具有可操作性。军事科技新闻传播应从我国国情出发,把握军事科技新闻特殊性和传播优势,找准媒体定位,选好报道角度、突出自身特色,在传播军事科技信息、满足受众需求的基础上,积极宣传我军科技事业的发展,引导正确的舆论,真正实现传播价值与战略价值的最大化。
With the continuous variation of the international military circumstance and the development of information technology, media is regarded as a kind of military tool in the process of new military revolution. In the sight of the development of international military technology and media industry, the Military Science and Technology News (MSTN) report is playing an important role, especially when the world is peaceful in majority but conflict in minority. Under this situation, it is vital to promote the Chinese MSTN report by exploring its features and rules, and sum up an appropriate report mode of Sinicism which meets the requirements of modern military revolution.
MSTN refers to the currently happened and currently discovered military events and achievements, arms and equipments, and people who concentrate on the field of MSTN. The basic characteristics of MSTN are, coinciding with (1) the polity and solemnity, allying with (2) the ideology and directivity, (3) original and unique, (4) professional and academic, according with (5) sensitivity and secrecy which are the dominant distinct features differentiated with other types of news.
According to the content, Chinese MSTN contains significant military science and technology events and outcomes, advanced weapons and equipments, military scientists and popular military science. It indicates that MSTN report is (1) a powerful political tool, (2) a powerful weapon to enhance the battle effectiveness of troops, (3) a medium to accelerate the conversion of science and technology achievements, (4) a bridge to improve the national defense consciousness, and (5) a textbook of popularizing military science.
Furthermore, (1) a clear purpose, (2) an appropriate strategy, (3) a secrecy priority are the features of MSTN report. Due to these features, MSTN gathering is restrict to secrecy, few obtained channels, strict reviews and publications. Therefore, in the process of interview, the key point of MSTN gathering should be caught, and the principles should be followed which include strategic needs, audience requirements and secrecy rules. Besides, actively exploiting the channels of MSTN gathering and carry it out reasonably and efficiently also should be followed.
For achieving good report effects, in addition to using the advantages of different media, strengthening the interaction with others and actively carrying out MSTN report must be done. Owing to the clear purpose and arrangement of MSTN, the topics of reports need to be well chosen and masterminded. The traits of the chosen topics and arrangements are as follow: (1) closely contacting with military activities, (2) digging the potential truth of events, (3) consisting with the needs of audience, (4) exhibiting the characters of military science and technology and (5) can be realized. In addition, Chinese MSTN report should be based on the native surroundings. Therefore, we must adequately know about the particularity and the advantages of report, determine media orientation, find proper point and stand out the features of MSTN to propagandize the development of Chinese military science and technology, correctly guide the native public opinion, and realize maximizing the values of our MSTN report and stratagem.
引文
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