冰区在役导管架平台的冰振疲劳研究
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摘要
对渤海冰区多座海洋平台进行现场监测的结果表明,在冰荷载作用下导管架平台存在比较剧烈的振动现象,并直接威胁着平台的安全。本文基于对渤海平台的现场监测数据以及冰荷载研究的最新成果,对冰区导管架海洋平台冰激振动下的疲劳问题进行了详细分析和总结。
首先,本文介绍了波浪荷载下海洋平台疲劳问题的研究进展,以及冰区环境条件和冰区海洋结构物的冰激响应研究现状,并提出了本文的研究内容。
其次,本文介绍了疲劳研究的基本概念及其主要特点;介绍了疲劳设计的主要方法,其理论依据主要是Miner理论和断裂力学理论,总结了各自特点及其适用范围;总结了波浪荷载下海洋平台疲劳分析的一般性方法,为冰荷载下结构的疲劳分析提供了借鉴。
再次,在对渤海现场原型试验和基于现场原型试验取得的冰荷载研究成果过的基础上,对渤海两座典型导管架平台进行了动力响应分析,计算了平台甲板的振动加速度并通过了实测数据的验证,为进一步的导管架管结点处的应力计算做了必要的技术准备。
最后,对冰区导管架平台的疲劳问题进行了较全面的分析,并对冰振作用下管结点疲劳寿命的详细计算方法进行了研究。基于海洋平台的动力特性,从定性和定量两个方面说明了冰区导管架平台进行详细疲劳分析的必要性;总结目前冰区海洋结构疲劳分析方法的研究进展并指出需改进的方面,并在此基础上提出基于现场监测的疲劳分析方法;介绍了基于现场监测的疲劳分析方法的详细流程;以JZ20-2MSW平台为实例应用基于现场监测的疲劳分析方法详细计算了该平台管结点的疲劳寿命。
It is indicated that the ice-induced vibration of ice-resistant platforms is quite intensive, and directly endangers the structural safety according to the field data monitored on several platforms in the Liaodong Bay of Bohai Sea. A detailed research and summarization on the ice-induced fatigue of jacket platforms in the ice-covered regions is presented based on in situ results of ice-induced vibration and the current progress of ice load.
Firstly, this paper gives an introduction of the current progress of platform fatigue under wave load, ice-covered regions environmental condition, and ice-induced respond of offshore structures, and then presents the assignment. Second, this paper gives an introduction of the basic conception and primary fatigue design methods, and summarizes the run-of-mill fatigue analysis method of platform under wave load, which provides use for reference of fatigue analysis of platform under ice load.
Third, The dynamic responds of jacket platforms in the Bohai Sea are analyzed, the vibration acceleration of platform deck is computed and compared with the field monitored data based on the full-scale field tests and progress of ice load, which provides preparative for computing the stress of the tube node of the jacket platform.
At last, this paper gives a general analysis and a detailed analysis method of the jacket platform in the ice-covered regions. It points out the necessity of analyzing fatigue life of the platform from qualitative and quantitative sides, based on the dynamic characteristics of jacket platforms. It presents fatigue analysis method based on the field monitored data, and gives a detailed flow of this method. For example, fatigue life of tube node of the JZ20-2MSW jacket platform is computed based on this method.
首先,本文介绍了波浪荷载下海洋平台疲劳问题的研究进展,以及冰区环境条件和冰区海洋结构物的冰激响应研究现状,并提出了本文的研究内容。
其次,本文介绍了疲劳研究的基本概念及其主要特点;介绍了疲劳设计的主要方法,其理论依据主要是Miner理论和断裂力学理论,总结了各自特点及其适用范围;总结了波浪荷载下海洋平台疲劳分析的一般性方法,为冰荷载下结构的疲劳分析提供了借鉴。
再次,在对渤海现场原型试验和基于现场原型试验取得的冰荷载研究成果过的基础上,对渤海两座典型导管架平台进行了动力响应分析,计算了平台甲板的振动加速度并通过了实测数据的验证,为进一步的导管架管结点处的应力计算做了必要的技术准备。
最后,对冰区导管架平台的疲劳问题进行了较全面的分析,并对冰振作用下管结点疲劳寿命的详细计算方法进行了研究。基于海洋平台的动力特性,从定性和定量两个方面说明了冰区导管架平台进行详细疲劳分析的必要性;总结目前冰区海洋结构疲劳分析方法的研究进展并指出需改进的方面,并在此基础上提出基于现场监测的疲劳分析方法;介绍了基于现场监测的疲劳分析方法的详细流程;以JZ20-2MSW平台为实例应用基于现场监测的疲劳分析方法详细计算了该平台管结点的疲劳寿命。
It is indicated that the ice-induced vibration of ice-resistant platforms is quite intensive, and directly endangers the structural safety according to the field data monitored on several platforms in the Liaodong Bay of Bohai Sea. A detailed research and summarization on the ice-induced fatigue of jacket platforms in the ice-covered regions is presented based on in situ results of ice-induced vibration and the current progress of ice load.
Firstly, this paper gives an introduction of the current progress of platform fatigue under wave load, ice-covered regions environmental condition, and ice-induced respond of offshore structures, and then presents the assignment. Second, this paper gives an introduction of the basic conception and primary fatigue design methods, and summarizes the run-of-mill fatigue analysis method of platform under wave load, which provides use for reference of fatigue analysis of platform under ice load.
Third, The dynamic responds of jacket platforms in the Bohai Sea are analyzed, the vibration acceleration of platform deck is computed and compared with the field monitored data based on the full-scale field tests and progress of ice load, which provides preparative for computing the stress of the tube node of the jacket platform.
At last, this paper gives a general analysis and a detailed analysis method of the jacket platform in the ice-covered regions. It points out the necessity of analyzing fatigue life of the platform from qualitative and quantitative sides, based on the dynamic characteristics of jacket platforms. It presents fatigue analysis method based on the field monitored data, and gives a detailed flow of this method. For example, fatigue life of tube node of the JZ20-2MSW jacket platform is computed based on this method.
引文
[1]张振国.海洋石油工业的现状和前景.海洋技术,1994,13(4):71-74.
[2]张耀光.渤海海洋油气资源开发利用与前景展望.海洋开发,2003,6:6-9.
[3]曾恒一.我国海洋石油在创新中发展.船舶工业技术经济信息,2000,187:23-29.
[4]陈惠民.加快技术创新,促进我国海洋工程开发.中国海洋平台,1999,14(3):4-8.
[5]欧进萍,段忠东,肖仪清。海洋平台结构安全评定-理论、方法与应用.科学出版社
[6]中国海洋石油总公司.渤海海洋工程环境条件基础资料汇编.2001
[7]国家海洋环境预报中心.1968/1969年冬季的渤海冰封
[8]段梦兰,方华灿.渤海老二号平台被冰推倒的调查结论.石油矿场机械,Vol.23(3),1994
[9]陈国明.冰区平台疲劳分析与评估方法的研究.石油大学海洋石油工程研究室研究报告,1999.
[10]中国海洋石油总公司.渤海海洋工程环境条件基础资料汇编.2001.
[11]张方俭.我国的海冰.海洋出版社.1996
[12]国家海洋局.黄渤海冰情资料汇编.1979
[13]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,渤海石油工程设计公司.辽东湾北部潮见海冰调查及分析汇编.1991
[14]国家海洋环境预报中心.辽东湾北部盖州滩海区海冰冰情预报.1993.
[15]石油大学,中国海洋石油渤海公司.概率型冰荷载与冰激疲劳寿命研究项目报告.2000.
[16]API.API recommended practice for planning,design and constructing fixed offshore structures.API RP 2A 19Ed.1991.
[17]DNV.Rules for the design,construction,and inspection of fixed offshore structures.1977.
[18]API.Recommended Pratice for Planning,Designing,and Constructing Fixed Offshore Structures in Ice Environments(API RP2N).1st Edition.June 1988.
[19]陆文法,李林普,高明道.近海导管架平台.海洋出版社.1992.
[20]API RP 2N.Recommended practice for planning,designing,and constructing fixed offshore structures in ice environments.1988.
[21]陈传尧.疲劳与断裂.华中科技大学出版社.2001.
[22]API.API recommended practice for planning,design and constructing fixed offshore structures.API RP 2A 19Ed.1991.
[23]DNV.Rules for the design,construction,and inspection of fixed offshore structures.1977.
[24]API.Recommended Pratice for Planning,Designing,and Constructing Fixed Offshore Structures in Ice Environments(API RP2N).1st Edition.June 1988.
[25]A.Almar,Nass.Fatigue handbook - Offshore steel structures.Tapir,Norway.1985.
[26]岳前进,杜小振,毕祥军等.冰与柔性结构作用挤压破坏形成的动荷载.工程力学,2004,21(1):202-208.
[27]Yue Q J,Bi X J,Sun B,et al.Full-scale force measurement on JZ20-2 platform.Proc.IAHR Ice Symp.(AHR' 96) Beijing,1996:282-289.
[28]岳前进,毕祥军,于晓等.锥体结构的冰激振动与冰力函数.土木工程学报,2003,36(2):16-19.
[29]Yue Q J,Bi X J.Ice-induced jacket structure vibrations in Bohai Sea.Journal of Cold Regions Engineering.2000,14(2):81-92.
[30]屈衍,岳前进,Casey Brister.冰与锥体作用破碎周期及破碎长度分析.冰川冻土,2003,25:326-329.
[31]庄表中,陈乃立.随机振动的理论及实例分析.北京:地震出版社,1985.
[32]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法.北京:科学出版社,2004.
[33]D.E.纽兰.随机振动与谱分析概论.北京:机械工业出版社,1980.
[34]陆定发,李林普,高明道.近海导管架平台.北京:海洋出版社,1992.
[35]陆建辉,彭临慧,李华军.海洋石油平台TMD振动控制及参数优化.青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(4):733-738.
[36]张春巍,欧进萍.海洋平台结构振动的AMD主动控制参数优化分析.地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):151-156.
[37]欧进萍等.JZ20-2MUQ平台结构冰振控制措施的数值模拟.哈尔滨工业大学,1997.5.
[38]丁建华.结构的粘滞流体阻尼减震系统及其理论与实验研究:(博士学位论文).哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学.2001.
[39]Michael Hartnett.The application of a spectral response model to fixed offshore structures.Computers and Structures,2000,78:355-364.
[40]董加礼,孙丽华.工科数学基础.北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[41]张亚辉,林家浩.结构动力分析.大连:大连理工大学出版社,2004.
[42]聂武,刘玉秋.海洋工程结构动力分析.哈尔滨工程大学出版社.
[43]黄祥鹿,陆鑫森.海洋工程流体力学及结构动力响应.上海交通大学出版社,1992.
[44]胡瑞华.近海钢质桩基平台.北京:海洋出版社,1989.
[45]D E纽兰著,方同等译.随机振动与谱分析概论.北京:机械工业出版社,1978.
[46]俞载道,曹国敖.随机振动理论及其应用.上海:同济大学出版社,1988.
[47]庄表中,王行新.随机振动概论.北京:地震出版社,1982.
[48]陆文发,李林普,高明道.近海导管架平台.海洋出版社,1992.
[49]岳前进,刘圆,屈衍,石忠民.抗冰平台的冰振疲劳分析.工程力学,2005.10.12.
[50]平台冰激振动及疲劳分析研究.大连理工大学,中海石油研究中心,2004.
[51]抗冰平台优化设计.中海石油研究中心,大连理工大学,中国科学院力学所,天津大学,哈尔滨工业大学,2006.
[52]胡毓仁,陈伯真.船舶及海洋工程结构疲劳可靠度分析.北京:人民交通出版社,1996.12
[2]张耀光.渤海海洋油气资源开发利用与前景展望.海洋开发,2003,6:6-9.
[3]曾恒一.我国海洋石油在创新中发展.船舶工业技术经济信息,2000,187:23-29.
[4]陈惠民.加快技术创新,促进我国海洋工程开发.中国海洋平台,1999,14(3):4-8.
[5]欧进萍,段忠东,肖仪清。海洋平台结构安全评定-理论、方法与应用.科学出版社
[6]中国海洋石油总公司.渤海海洋工程环境条件基础资料汇编.2001
[7]国家海洋环境预报中心.1968/1969年冬季的渤海冰封
[8]段梦兰,方华灿.渤海老二号平台被冰推倒的调查结论.石油矿场机械,Vol.23(3),1994
[9]陈国明.冰区平台疲劳分析与评估方法的研究.石油大学海洋石油工程研究室研究报告,1999.
[10]中国海洋石油总公司.渤海海洋工程环境条件基础资料汇编.2001.
[11]张方俭.我国的海冰.海洋出版社.1996
[12]国家海洋局.黄渤海冰情资料汇编.1979
[13]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,渤海石油工程设计公司.辽东湾北部潮见海冰调查及分析汇编.1991
[14]国家海洋环境预报中心.辽东湾北部盖州滩海区海冰冰情预报.1993.
[15]石油大学,中国海洋石油渤海公司.概率型冰荷载与冰激疲劳寿命研究项目报告.2000.
[16]API.API recommended practice for planning,design and constructing fixed offshore structures.API RP 2A 19Ed.1991.
[17]DNV.Rules for the design,construction,and inspection of fixed offshore structures.1977.
[18]API.Recommended Pratice for Planning,Designing,and Constructing Fixed Offshore Structures in Ice Environments(API RP2N).1st Edition.June 1988.
[19]陆文法,李林普,高明道.近海导管架平台.海洋出版社.1992.
[20]API RP 2N.Recommended practice for planning,designing,and constructing fixed offshore structures in ice environments.1988.
[21]陈传尧.疲劳与断裂.华中科技大学出版社.2001.
[22]API.API recommended practice for planning,design and constructing fixed offshore structures.API RP 2A 19Ed.1991.
[23]DNV.Rules for the design,construction,and inspection of fixed offshore structures.1977.
[24]API.Recommended Pratice for Planning,Designing,and Constructing Fixed Offshore Structures in Ice Environments(API RP2N).1st Edition.June 1988.
[25]A.Almar,Nass.Fatigue handbook - Offshore steel structures.Tapir,Norway.1985.
[26]岳前进,杜小振,毕祥军等.冰与柔性结构作用挤压破坏形成的动荷载.工程力学,2004,21(1):202-208.
[27]Yue Q J,Bi X J,Sun B,et al.Full-scale force measurement on JZ20-2 platform.Proc.IAHR Ice Symp.(AHR' 96) Beijing,1996:282-289.
[28]岳前进,毕祥军,于晓等.锥体结构的冰激振动与冰力函数.土木工程学报,2003,36(2):16-19.
[29]Yue Q J,Bi X J.Ice-induced jacket structure vibrations in Bohai Sea.Journal of Cold Regions Engineering.2000,14(2):81-92.
[30]屈衍,岳前进,Casey Brister.冰与锥体作用破碎周期及破碎长度分析.冰川冻土,2003,25:326-329.
[31]庄表中,陈乃立.随机振动的理论及实例分析.北京:地震出版社,1985.
[32]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法.北京:科学出版社,2004.
[33]D.E.纽兰.随机振动与谱分析概论.北京:机械工业出版社,1980.
[34]陆定发,李林普,高明道.近海导管架平台.北京:海洋出版社,1992.
[35]陆建辉,彭临慧,李华军.海洋石油平台TMD振动控制及参数优化.青岛海洋大学学报,1999,29(4):733-738.
[36]张春巍,欧进萍.海洋平台结构振动的AMD主动控制参数优化分析.地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):151-156.
[37]欧进萍等.JZ20-2MUQ平台结构冰振控制措施的数值模拟.哈尔滨工业大学,1997.5.
[38]丁建华.结构的粘滞流体阻尼减震系统及其理论与实验研究:(博士学位论文).哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学.2001.
[39]Michael Hartnett.The application of a spectral response model to fixed offshore structures.Computers and Structures,2000,78:355-364.
[40]董加礼,孙丽华.工科数学基础.北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[41]张亚辉,林家浩.结构动力分析.大连:大连理工大学出版社,2004.
[42]聂武,刘玉秋.海洋工程结构动力分析.哈尔滨工程大学出版社.
[43]黄祥鹿,陆鑫森.海洋工程流体力学及结构动力响应.上海交通大学出版社,1992.
[44]胡瑞华.近海钢质桩基平台.北京:海洋出版社,1989.
[45]D E纽兰著,方同等译.随机振动与谱分析概论.北京:机械工业出版社,1978.
[46]俞载道,曹国敖.随机振动理论及其应用.上海:同济大学出版社,1988.
[47]庄表中,王行新.随机振动概论.北京:地震出版社,1982.
[48]陆文发,李林普,高明道.近海导管架平台.海洋出版社,1992.
[49]岳前进,刘圆,屈衍,石忠民.抗冰平台的冰振疲劳分析.工程力学,2005.10.12.
[50]平台冰激振动及疲劳分析研究.大连理工大学,中海石油研究中心,2004.
[51]抗冰平台优化设计.中海石油研究中心,大连理工大学,中国科学院力学所,天津大学,哈尔滨工业大学,2006.
[52]胡毓仁,陈伯真.船舶及海洋工程结构疲劳可靠度分析.北京:人民交通出版社,1996.12