冷弯薄壁空心类椭圆截面钢构件数值模拟及设计方法研究
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摘要
随着冷弯薄壁钢的不断发展,越来越多截面型式的钢构件在结构中得到应用。对于一种新型截面钢构件的推广应用,需考察现行规范中的设计方法对其是否适用,并通过研究得出适用的设计方法来指导其在工程中推广应用。本文基于实验数据,对冷弯薄壁钢空心类椭圆截面轴压构件、受弯构件以及压弯构件进行了非线性有限元数值模拟,并基于数值模拟结果对此类构件的设计方法进行了研究;考察了我国以及国外现行规范中有效宽度法对此类构件设计的适用性,并提出采用直接强度法对此类构件进行设计,得出了适用于此类构件的设计方法,为此类构件在工程中的推广应用提供了设计基础。本文研究的内容及成果如下:
1)采用Abaqus建立了冷弯薄壁钢空心类椭圆截面轴压构件、受弯构件以及压弯构件的非线性有限元数值模型。将模拟结果与试验结果进行了比较,考察有限元分析方法模拟此类构件力学性能的可行性与可靠性。有限元数值模拟的结果表明:采用Abaqus建立的数值模型可以较准确地模拟冷弯薄壁空心类椭圆截面钢构件的极限承载力和失效模式等力学性能,在很大程度上可以替代昂贵、费时的试验,是一种经济、高效的研究方法。
2)利用此模型进行了大量的参数分析,建立了包括100个轴压构件、36个受弯构件以及200个压弯构件的参数分析数值模型。为设计方法的研究提供大量的研究对象和数据。
3)基于试验和参数分析结果,对此类构件的设计方法进行了研究。对于现行规范中无法考虑半圆板件有效宽度的计算等问题,本文基于试验和数值模拟情况做出了一定的假定进行设计计算。同时提出采用基于全截面分析的直接强度法对此类构件进行设计。通过对各国规范及直接强度法计算结果的比较分析,最终得出了适用于此类构件的设计方法。研究表明:基于本文中的假定进行设计的我国及国外现行规范不能准确地计算此类构件的极限承载力;而采用直接强度法进行设计的计算结果与试验和有限元模拟结果比较吻合,可靠度指标较好,适用于冷弯薄壁空心类椭圆截面钢构件的设计。
With the rapid development of cold-formed steel structures, more and more types of cold-formed steel section members have been applied in the structure. For a new types of section members, it is necessary to investigate the applicability of existing design specification to promote its application in engineering. A research has been performed on the numerical simulation and design of cold-formed steel oval hollow section members to investigate the applicability of existing Chinese and international design specification for the new sections. A new applicable design method called Direct Strength Method (DSM) has been used to design in this paper. It is suitable for the design of such components and provides a design basis for the promotion of this component in engineering.
The content and results of this study are as follows:
Firstly, non-linear finite element models of column, beam and beam-column have been developed using Abaqus. The numerical results were compared with the test results and it is shown that the numerical model accurately predicted the structural behavior of the compression members. It could replace the expensive test and could be an economical and efficient method in the research to a large extent.
Secondly, parametric study including 100 compression members, 36 bending members and 200 beam-column members with different cross-section dimensions and lengths were performed using the verified model. It provided a lot of objects for the following design research.
Finally, based on the results of the experiment and numerical simulation, the design of such section member has been studied. Some assumptions were made based on experiments and numerical simulations as a result of no stipulation about the effective width of the semi-circular in the current design specifications. Direct Strength Method based on full cross-section was proposed. The test and numerical strengths were compared with the design strengths calculated using the current code and direct strength method. It is shown that the direct strength method can be used for the design of cold-formed steel oval hollow section members under axial compression.
1)采用Abaqus建立了冷弯薄壁钢空心类椭圆截面轴压构件、受弯构件以及压弯构件的非线性有限元数值模型。将模拟结果与试验结果进行了比较,考察有限元分析方法模拟此类构件力学性能的可行性与可靠性。有限元数值模拟的结果表明:采用Abaqus建立的数值模型可以较准确地模拟冷弯薄壁空心类椭圆截面钢构件的极限承载力和失效模式等力学性能,在很大程度上可以替代昂贵、费时的试验,是一种经济、高效的研究方法。
2)利用此模型进行了大量的参数分析,建立了包括100个轴压构件、36个受弯构件以及200个压弯构件的参数分析数值模型。为设计方法的研究提供大量的研究对象和数据。
3)基于试验和参数分析结果,对此类构件的设计方法进行了研究。对于现行规范中无法考虑半圆板件有效宽度的计算等问题,本文基于试验和数值模拟情况做出了一定的假定进行设计计算。同时提出采用基于全截面分析的直接强度法对此类构件进行设计。通过对各国规范及直接强度法计算结果的比较分析,最终得出了适用于此类构件的设计方法。研究表明:基于本文中的假定进行设计的我国及国外现行规范不能准确地计算此类构件的极限承载力;而采用直接强度法进行设计的计算结果与试验和有限元模拟结果比较吻合,可靠度指标较好,适用于冷弯薄壁空心类椭圆截面钢构件的设计。
With the rapid development of cold-formed steel structures, more and more types of cold-formed steel section members have been applied in the structure. For a new types of section members, it is necessary to investigate the applicability of existing design specification to promote its application in engineering. A research has been performed on the numerical simulation and design of cold-formed steel oval hollow section members to investigate the applicability of existing Chinese and international design specification for the new sections. A new applicable design method called Direct Strength Method (DSM) has been used to design in this paper. It is suitable for the design of such components and provides a design basis for the promotion of this component in engineering.
The content and results of this study are as follows:
Firstly, non-linear finite element models of column, beam and beam-column have been developed using Abaqus. The numerical results were compared with the test results and it is shown that the numerical model accurately predicted the structural behavior of the compression members. It could replace the expensive test and could be an economical and efficient method in the research to a large extent.
Secondly, parametric study including 100 compression members, 36 bending members and 200 beam-column members with different cross-section dimensions and lengths were performed using the verified model. It provided a lot of objects for the following design research.
Finally, based on the results of the experiment and numerical simulation, the design of such section member has been studied. Some assumptions were made based on experiments and numerical simulations as a result of no stipulation about the effective width of the semi-circular in the current design specifications. Direct Strength Method based on full cross-section was proposed. The test and numerical strengths were compared with the design strengths calculated using the current code and direct strength method. It is shown that the direct strength method can be used for the design of cold-formed steel oval hollow section members under axial compression.
引文
1张耀春.钢结构设计原理.高等教育出版社. 2004: 2~3
2于炜文.冷成型钢结构设计.中国水利水电出版社. 2003: 1~253
3南晶晶,凌利改,田国平.冷弯型钢在国内外的发展及其在建筑结构中的应用.水利与建筑工程学报, 2009, 7(2): 117~119
4刘洋,蔡玉春,谢伟平.冷弯型钢发展与应用综述.钢结构, 2004, 19(6): 36~39
5 T.M. Chan, L.Gardner. Compressive Resistance of Hot-Rolled Elliptical Hollow Sections. Engineering Structures, 2008, 30(2): 522~532
6高欣建,俞继前.冷弯型钢在轻钢结构中的应用.建筑技术, 1997, 28(2): 89~91
7王春刚,张耀春,张壮南.冷弯薄壁斜卷边槽钢受压构件的承载力试验研究.建筑结构学报, 2006, 27(3): 1~9
8 L. Gardner, T.M. Chan. Cross-Sectioon Classification of Elliptiical Hollow Sections. Steel and Composite Structures, 2007, 7(3): 185~200
9 A.M. Ruiz-Teran, L. Gardner. Elastic Buckling of Elliptical Tubes. Thin-Walled Structures, 2008, 46(11): 1304~1318
10周绪红.薄壁杆件稳定理论及其应用.科学出版社, 2009: 173~180
11周天华,何保康,周绪红.高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压长柱受力性能试验研究.建筑科学与工程学报, 2005, 22(4): 65~71
12沈祖炎,李元奇.屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢结构轴心受压构件可靠度分析.建筑结构学报, 2006,27(3): 26~41
13李元齐,沈祖炎.屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢结构轴压构件承载力计算模式研究.建筑结构学报, 2006,28(3): 18~25
14李国俊,高秀华.冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法.山西建筑, 2007, 33(22): 13~14
15 B.W. Schafer, M. ASCE. Local, Distortional, and Euler Buckling of Thin-Walled Columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002, 128(3): 289~299
16 B.W. Schafer, Pek?z. Laterally Braced Cold-Formed Steel Flexural Memberswith Edge Stiffened Flanges. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1999, 125(2): 118~127
17王春刚,张耀春.直接强度法计算冷弯薄壁斜卷边槽钢轴压柱的承载力.工业建筑, 2006, 36(1): 71~74
18何保康,蒋路,周天华.高强冷弯薄壁型钢压杆试验及直接强度法计算分析.工业建筑, 2008. 38(8): 73~77
19 B. Young, M. ASCE. Design of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Columns with Complex Edge Stiffeners by Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(11):1756~1763
20 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Tests of Aluminum Alloy Circular Hollow Section Compression Members. Thin-Walled Structures, 2006, 44: 969~985
21 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Experimental Investigation of Aluminum Alloy Circular Hollow Section Columns. Engineering Structures, 2006, 28(2): 207~215
22 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Aluminum Alloy Tubular Columns—Part I: Finite Element Modeling and Test Verification. Thin-Walled Structures, 2006, 44(9): 961~968
23 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Numerical Investigation and Design of Aluminum Alloy Circular Hollow Section columns. Thin-Walled Structures, 2008, 46(12): 1437~1449
24 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Aluminum Alloy Tubular Columns– Part II: Parametric Study and Design Using Direct Strength Method. Thin-Walled Structures, 2006, 44(9): 969~985
25王海明,张耀春.复杂卷边冷弯型钢受弯构件屈曲性能研究.全国轻型钢结构技术研讨会文集,上海, 2007: 58~62
26张耀春,王海明.冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面构件受弯承载力试验研究.建筑结构学报, 2009, 33(3): 53~61
27王海明,张耀春.直卷边和斜卷边受弯构件畸变屈曲性能研究.工业建筑, 2008, 38(6): 106~109
28 T.M. Chan, L. Gardner. Bending Strength of Hot-Rolled Elliptical Hollow Sections. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2008, 64(9): 971~986
29蒋路,何保康,马荣奎.中美规范关于卷边槽形受弯构件承载力比较分析.工业建筑, 2007. 37(6): 91~94
30 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Design of Aluminum Flexural Members Using Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2009, 135(5), 558~566
31潘汉明,郭彦林,梁硕.大直径薄壁钢管压弯构件的稳定分析.土木工程学报, 2007, 40(3): 11~17
32王春刚,张耀春.卷边槽钢偏心受压构件极限承载力的直接强度计算方法研究.工程力学, 2009, 40(2): 1855~1860
33 J.R. Kim. Rasmussen. Design of Slender Angle Section Beam-Columns by the Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006, 132(2): 204~211.
34庄茁,由小川.基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用.清华大学出版社, 2009:8~9
35 CF. Leung. Structural Performance of Steel Oval Sections. The University of Hong Kong, 2007
36 Dassault Systèmes. Abaqus Analysis User’s Manual, Version 6.8. Providence, RI, USA: Dassault Systèmes, 2008
37方圣恩.冷弯薄壁钢腹板压屈及弯压有限元分析和设计.福州大学硕士研究生学位论文. 2004: 22~24
38董震,张其林.薄壁铝合金轴压构件承载力计算的直接强度法.土木工程学报, 2009, 42(6): 28~34
39郭彦林,刘涛.箱型截面构件局部与整体相关稳定承载力的直接强度设计法.工业建筑, 2009, 39(9): 41~48
40中华人民共和国建设部.冷弯薄壁型钢结构设计技术规范GB 50018-2002.中国计划出版社. 2002
41 North American Specification. North American Cold-Formed Steel Members, AISI S100-2007
42 North American Specification. Commentary on North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Member, AISI S100-2007-C
43 Australian/New Zealand Standard. Cold-Formed Steel Structures, AS/NZS 4600:2005
44 British Standard. Eurocode 3:Design of Steel Structures—Part 1-1:General Rules and Rules for Buildiings, BS EN 1993-1-1:2005
45 British Standard. Eurocode 3:Design of Steel Structures—Part 1-3:General Rules—Supplementary Rules for Cold-Formed Members and Sheeting, BS EN 1993-1-3:2006
46 British Standard. Eurocode 3:Design of Steel Structures—Part 1-5: Plated Structural Elements, BS EN 1993-1-5:2006
47陈骥.冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度设计法.建筑钢结构进展, 2003, 5(4): 5~13
48赵国藩.结构可靠度理论.中国建筑工业出版社, 2000: 17~21
2于炜文.冷成型钢结构设计.中国水利水电出版社. 2003: 1~253
3南晶晶,凌利改,田国平.冷弯型钢在国内外的发展及其在建筑结构中的应用.水利与建筑工程学报, 2009, 7(2): 117~119
4刘洋,蔡玉春,谢伟平.冷弯型钢发展与应用综述.钢结构, 2004, 19(6): 36~39
5 T.M. Chan, L.Gardner. Compressive Resistance of Hot-Rolled Elliptical Hollow Sections. Engineering Structures, 2008, 30(2): 522~532
6高欣建,俞继前.冷弯型钢在轻钢结构中的应用.建筑技术, 1997, 28(2): 89~91
7王春刚,张耀春,张壮南.冷弯薄壁斜卷边槽钢受压构件的承载力试验研究.建筑结构学报, 2006, 27(3): 1~9
8 L. Gardner, T.M. Chan. Cross-Sectioon Classification of Elliptiical Hollow Sections. Steel and Composite Structures, 2007, 7(3): 185~200
9 A.M. Ruiz-Teran, L. Gardner. Elastic Buckling of Elliptical Tubes. Thin-Walled Structures, 2008, 46(11): 1304~1318
10周绪红.薄壁杆件稳定理论及其应用.科学出版社, 2009: 173~180
11周天华,何保康,周绪红.高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压长柱受力性能试验研究.建筑科学与工程学报, 2005, 22(4): 65~71
12沈祖炎,李元奇.屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢结构轴心受压构件可靠度分析.建筑结构学报, 2006,27(3): 26~41
13李元齐,沈祖炎.屈服强度550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢结构轴压构件承载力计算模式研究.建筑结构学报, 2006,28(3): 18~25
14李国俊,高秀华.冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法.山西建筑, 2007, 33(22): 13~14
15 B.W. Schafer, M. ASCE. Local, Distortional, and Euler Buckling of Thin-Walled Columns. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002, 128(3): 289~299
16 B.W. Schafer, Pek?z. Laterally Braced Cold-Formed Steel Flexural Memberswith Edge Stiffened Flanges. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1999, 125(2): 118~127
17王春刚,张耀春.直接强度法计算冷弯薄壁斜卷边槽钢轴压柱的承载力.工业建筑, 2006, 36(1): 71~74
18何保康,蒋路,周天华.高强冷弯薄壁型钢压杆试验及直接强度法计算分析.工业建筑, 2008. 38(8): 73~77
19 B. Young, M. ASCE. Design of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Columns with Complex Edge Stiffeners by Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(11):1756~1763
20 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Tests of Aluminum Alloy Circular Hollow Section Compression Members. Thin-Walled Structures, 2006, 44: 969~985
21 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Experimental Investigation of Aluminum Alloy Circular Hollow Section Columns. Engineering Structures, 2006, 28(2): 207~215
22 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Aluminum Alloy Tubular Columns—Part I: Finite Element Modeling and Test Verification. Thin-Walled Structures, 2006, 44(9): 961~968
23 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Numerical Investigation and Design of Aluminum Alloy Circular Hollow Section columns. Thin-Walled Structures, 2008, 46(12): 1437~1449
24 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Aluminum Alloy Tubular Columns– Part II: Parametric Study and Design Using Direct Strength Method. Thin-Walled Structures, 2006, 44(9): 969~985
25王海明,张耀春.复杂卷边冷弯型钢受弯构件屈曲性能研究.全国轻型钢结构技术研讨会文集,上海, 2007: 58~62
26张耀春,王海明.冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面构件受弯承载力试验研究.建筑结构学报, 2009, 33(3): 53~61
27王海明,张耀春.直卷边和斜卷边受弯构件畸变屈曲性能研究.工业建筑, 2008, 38(6): 106~109
28 T.M. Chan, L. Gardner. Bending Strength of Hot-Rolled Elliptical Hollow Sections. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2008, 64(9): 971~986
29蒋路,何保康,马荣奎.中美规范关于卷边槽形受弯构件承载力比较分析.工业建筑, 2007. 37(6): 91~94
30 J.H Zhu, B. Young. Design of Aluminum Flexural Members Using Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2009, 135(5), 558~566
31潘汉明,郭彦林,梁硕.大直径薄壁钢管压弯构件的稳定分析.土木工程学报, 2007, 40(3): 11~17
32王春刚,张耀春.卷边槽钢偏心受压构件极限承载力的直接强度计算方法研究.工程力学, 2009, 40(2): 1855~1860
33 J.R. Kim. Rasmussen. Design of Slender Angle Section Beam-Columns by the Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006, 132(2): 204~211.
34庄茁,由小川.基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用.清华大学出版社, 2009:8~9
35 CF. Leung. Structural Performance of Steel Oval Sections. The University of Hong Kong, 2007
36 Dassault Systèmes. Abaqus Analysis User’s Manual, Version 6.8. Providence, RI, USA: Dassault Systèmes, 2008
37方圣恩.冷弯薄壁钢腹板压屈及弯压有限元分析和设计.福州大学硕士研究生学位论文. 2004: 22~24
38董震,张其林.薄壁铝合金轴压构件承载力计算的直接强度法.土木工程学报, 2009, 42(6): 28~34
39郭彦林,刘涛.箱型截面构件局部与整体相关稳定承载力的直接强度设计法.工业建筑, 2009, 39(9): 41~48
40中华人民共和国建设部.冷弯薄壁型钢结构设计技术规范GB 50018-2002.中国计划出版社. 2002
41 North American Specification. North American Cold-Formed Steel Members, AISI S100-2007
42 North American Specification. Commentary on North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Member, AISI S100-2007-C
43 Australian/New Zealand Standard. Cold-Formed Steel Structures, AS/NZS 4600:2005
44 British Standard. Eurocode 3:Design of Steel Structures—Part 1-1:General Rules and Rules for Buildiings, BS EN 1993-1-1:2005
45 British Standard. Eurocode 3:Design of Steel Structures—Part 1-3:General Rules—Supplementary Rules for Cold-Formed Members and Sheeting, BS EN 1993-1-3:2006
46 British Standard. Eurocode 3:Design of Steel Structures—Part 1-5: Plated Structural Elements, BS EN 1993-1-5:2006
47陈骥.冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度设计法.建筑钢结构进展, 2003, 5(4): 5~13
48赵国藩.结构可靠度理论.中国建筑工业出版社, 2000: 17~21