多路压力传感器自动校准系统的设计与实现
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摘要
风洞实验在气动力学研究和飞行器气动设计中具有非常重要的作用。它是依据运动的原理,将飞行器的模型或实物固定在地面人工环境中,人为制造气流通过,模拟空中各种复杂的飞行状态,以此获取实验数据。在风洞实验技术中,压力测量一直是飞行器模拟实验的一项重要内容,而压力传感器则是风洞试验中重要的测试仪器。为了确保风洞实验压力数据测试的准确性及可靠性,风洞实验所使用的压力传感器的校准工作十分重要。
目前我单位各个风洞中使用的压力传感器,特别是测量总压、静压和底压所使用的压力传感器,绝大部分都是在我所在的科研室进行校准测试及完成其校准工作的。但我们的校准方法还很落后,手动加压、人工读表、人工将校准数据输入计算机、人工判断校准结果、手动填写校准证书等,由于数据繁多,极易发生输入错误导致校准结果不正确;一旦输入错误后很难察觉,发觉后更正又需要耗费大量的时间和精力,甚至造成风洞试验数据的报废。
近十年来,传感器技术的不断发展,风洞实验中使用的传感器类型也越来越多样化,这也为传感器的校准带来了新的问题。某些类型的压力传感器,特别是绝压传感器,已经不能像以前一样使用统一的方法来校准,校准工作变得复杂多样。同时,传感器精度的提高对压力标准和校准设备的要求也越来越高。
在这种情况下,我们提出了在现有装备的基础上、研制并开发出一套多通道的压力传感器自动校准系统。本系统拟在高精度压力控制器RUSKA7215i的基础上,在电子计算机的控制下,通过相应的硬件和软件扩展,消除传感器校准期间的各种干扰和人为失误,自主地完成整个校准过程。多路压力传感器自动校准系统的完成和投入使用,将提高传感器静态参数校准的速度,还能提高校准结果的可信度,为风洞实验使用压力传感器提供更加有力的保障。
Wind tunnel experiments play an important role in the gas dynamics research and aircraft aerodynamic design which based on the principle of relativity. In the experiments, we fix the model or real aircraft in artificial environment on the ground and then get man-made airflow through the environment, and then simulate the air flight states to get experimental data. In wind tunnel test technology, pressure measurement has been an important content in aircraft simulation experiment. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the pressure testing data, the calibration work of the pressure sensor becomes very important.
At present, the calibration method we are using is a little falling behind. All manually operations including applying pressure, getting test data, entering the calibration data into the computer, reviewing the calibration results, filling the calibration certificates and so on, because of the large amount of the manually input data, input error is quite common which can result in very serious problems, even making the whole wind tunnel experiment dumped.
Over the past decade, due to the continuous development of sensor technology, wind tunnel experiments adopted more and more diverse types of sensors, which brought some new calibration problems. Certain types of pressure sensors, in particular, absolute pressure sensor, is no longer the same as before, using the unified approach to calibration is not suitable, and the calibration is becoming complicated and diverse. The improvement of the accuracy of the pressure sensor gets an increasing requirement of the standard pressure providing and the calibration of equipments.
In this case, we are going to develop a set of multi-channel pressure sensor automatic calibration system based on the existing equipment, in order to satisfy most of the sensor calibration of our wind tunnel experiments.
目前我单位各个风洞中使用的压力传感器,特别是测量总压、静压和底压所使用的压力传感器,绝大部分都是在我所在的科研室进行校准测试及完成其校准工作的。但我们的校准方法还很落后,手动加压、人工读表、人工将校准数据输入计算机、人工判断校准结果、手动填写校准证书等,由于数据繁多,极易发生输入错误导致校准结果不正确;一旦输入错误后很难察觉,发觉后更正又需要耗费大量的时间和精力,甚至造成风洞试验数据的报废。
近十年来,传感器技术的不断发展,风洞实验中使用的传感器类型也越来越多样化,这也为传感器的校准带来了新的问题。某些类型的压力传感器,特别是绝压传感器,已经不能像以前一样使用统一的方法来校准,校准工作变得复杂多样。同时,传感器精度的提高对压力标准和校准设备的要求也越来越高。
在这种情况下,我们提出了在现有装备的基础上、研制并开发出一套多通道的压力传感器自动校准系统。本系统拟在高精度压力控制器RUSKA7215i的基础上,在电子计算机的控制下,通过相应的硬件和软件扩展,消除传感器校准期间的各种干扰和人为失误,自主地完成整个校准过程。多路压力传感器自动校准系统的完成和投入使用,将提高传感器静态参数校准的速度,还能提高校准结果的可信度,为风洞实验使用压力传感器提供更加有力的保障。
Wind tunnel experiments play an important role in the gas dynamics research and aircraft aerodynamic design which based on the principle of relativity. In the experiments, we fix the model or real aircraft in artificial environment on the ground and then get man-made airflow through the environment, and then simulate the air flight states to get experimental data. In wind tunnel test technology, pressure measurement has been an important content in aircraft simulation experiment. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the pressure testing data, the calibration work of the pressure sensor becomes very important.
At present, the calibration method we are using is a little falling behind. All manually operations including applying pressure, getting test data, entering the calibration data into the computer, reviewing the calibration results, filling the calibration certificates and so on, because of the large amount of the manually input data, input error is quite common which can result in very serious problems, even making the whole wind tunnel experiment dumped.
Over the past decade, due to the continuous development of sensor technology, wind tunnel experiments adopted more and more diverse types of sensors, which brought some new calibration problems. Certain types of pressure sensors, in particular, absolute pressure sensor, is no longer the same as before, using the unified approach to calibration is not suitable, and the calibration is becoming complicated and diverse. The improvement of the accuracy of the pressure sensor gets an increasing requirement of the standard pressure providing and the calibration of equipments.
In this case, we are going to develop a set of multi-channel pressure sensor automatic calibration system based on the existing equipment, in order to satisfy most of the sensor calibration of our wind tunnel experiments.
引文
[1]王刚.压力传感器校准和测控系统研究.[D]硕士学位论文,成都:四川大学,2005
[2]庞庆国.压力传感器自动校准系统,中国空气动力研究与发展中行高速所,2003
[3]郭海平.高空气象探测设备运行监控与质量统计系统.[D]硕士学位论文,成都:电子科技大学,2008
[4]尹伟,李华星.压力传感器静态校准模型研究.[J]测控技术,2006-25(4)
[5]杨洪胜,姚进,杨振华.多通道压力传感器自动校准系统研制.[J]中国科技信息,2010-04-059
[6]陈伯乐.压力传感器校准问题的探讨.[J]山东科学,1991-4(4)
[7]任术波.气体传感器的自动测试系统.[D]硕士学位论文,大连:大连理工大学,2002
[8] R.B.Wearn.Measurements of the sensitivities and drift of Digiquartz pressure sensors. Deep-sea Rearch, 1982,29A.111-134
[9] Zhang Hongpeng, Zhang Yindong, Chen Haiquan, Sun Yuqing. Studies on MEMS Sensor in Hydraulic System. Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Test and Measurement(Volume 3), 2005
[10] RUAKA7215i用户手册
[11]段兴.Visual Basic6.0实用程序100例.人民邮电出版社,2004
[12] Jordan.Visual Basic6 programming book.Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2005
[13]黄嘉辉等.Visual Basic与Windows API程序设计高手.清华大学出版社,2006
[14]黄淼云等.Visual Basic 6.0程序设计.北京希望电子出版社,2002
[15] David G.Jung&Jeff Kent.Visual Basic Debugging practical manual.USA,2004
[16] JJG860-94,压力传感器静态校准规程,中国计量科学院,1994
[17] Q/GSS 312-2005,风洞压力传感器静态校准规范,中国空气动力研究与发展高速所, 2004
[18]许屹晖,樊玉富,薛长生.压力传感器(静态)自动校准装置.[J]航天器环境工程,2005-22(3)
[19]胡向东,刘京诚,余成波.传感器与检测技术.机械工业出版社,2009
[20]付永杰,白旭.压力传感器自动检定系统设计[J].舰船电子工程,2008
[21]施洪昌.风洞数据采集技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004
[22]阴亚芳.压力传感器自学习校准系统的设计.[J]西安邮电学院学报,1998-3(4)
[23]程军.一种自校准压力传感系统.[J]现代电子技术,2003-5(148)
[24]李淼斌.压力传感器、变送器自动测试/校准系统研制.[D]硕士学位论文,成都:电子科技大学,2007
[25]钱芸.智能数字校验仪的设计与实现.[D]硕士学位论文,吉林:吉林大学,2004
[26]朱明武.压力准静态校准技术.[J]宇航计测技术,2004-24(2)
[27]孟令军.减小压力传感器静态误差的一种方法.[J]化工自动化及仪表,2001-28(6)
[28]栾跃.软件开发项目管理.[D]硕士论文,上海:上海交通大学,2005
[29]陈世鸿.软件工程原理与应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2000
[30] Festo.Automation products and Systems.Germany,1997
[31] Yang,Wenrong.Study on the calibration signal generator for differential pressure sensor[J]. Science Press, 2011
[32] Obermeier,E.,Hein,S.,Schlichting,V.Smart pressure sensor with on-chip calibration and compensation capability[J]. Sensors (Peterborough, NH), 1995
[33] Yameogo,P,Heiba,U.,AlBahri,M.Self calibrating pressure sensor for biomedical applications[J].Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, 2009
[34] Chapman, John J.;Kahng, Seun K.Temperature and pressure controlled calibration system for pressure sensors[J].ISA Transactions, 1990
[35] Klaser, Harold N.;Keeter, Steven M.;Juanarena, Douglas B.High accuracy silicon pressure sensor[J].Instrumentation in the Aerospace Industry, 1994
[36]郑思福.基于VB的图书馆管理系统设计[M].北京:农业图书情报学刊,2010
[37]姜谦.中小学排课系统的研究与设计.[D]硕士论文,广东,华南理工大学,2010
[38]郭长锐,刘桦林,黄宏伟.电测式压力计[J].铁道技术监督,2009-03
[39]杜影,袁海文.传感器参数自动标定及掉电记录保护装置的研制[M].北京:工业计量,2005
[40]曹垒.基于ACE和TAO的现场总线实时综合网络的研究与实现.[D]硕士论文,电子科技大学,2007
[41] S·K·Banerjee,骆玉玲.传感器校准数据处理的新方法[J].国外导弹与航天运载器,1990(12)
[42]王郁.矢量传感器校准装置系统研究.[D]硕士论文,哈尔滨工程大学,2009
[43]张天宏,丁毅.用于电阻类传感器校准的电子合成电阻[J].传感器技术,2010(10)
[2]庞庆国.压力传感器自动校准系统,中国空气动力研究与发展中行高速所,2003
[3]郭海平.高空气象探测设备运行监控与质量统计系统.[D]硕士学位论文,成都:电子科技大学,2008
[4]尹伟,李华星.压力传感器静态校准模型研究.[J]测控技术,2006-25(4)
[5]杨洪胜,姚进,杨振华.多通道压力传感器自动校准系统研制.[J]中国科技信息,2010-04-059
[6]陈伯乐.压力传感器校准问题的探讨.[J]山东科学,1991-4(4)
[7]任术波.气体传感器的自动测试系统.[D]硕士学位论文,大连:大连理工大学,2002
[8] R.B.Wearn.Measurements of the sensitivities and drift of Digiquartz pressure sensors. Deep-sea Rearch, 1982,29A.111-134
[9] Zhang Hongpeng, Zhang Yindong, Chen Haiquan, Sun Yuqing. Studies on MEMS Sensor in Hydraulic System. Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Test and Measurement(Volume 3), 2005
[10] RUAKA7215i用户手册
[11]段兴.Visual Basic6.0实用程序100例.人民邮电出版社,2004
[12] Jordan.Visual Basic6 programming book.Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2005
[13]黄嘉辉等.Visual Basic与Windows API程序设计高手.清华大学出版社,2006
[14]黄淼云等.Visual Basic 6.0程序设计.北京希望电子出版社,2002
[15] David G.Jung&Jeff Kent.Visual Basic Debugging practical manual.USA,2004
[16] JJG860-94,压力传感器静态校准规程,中国计量科学院,1994
[17] Q/GSS 312-2005,风洞压力传感器静态校准规范,中国空气动力研究与发展高速所, 2004
[18]许屹晖,樊玉富,薛长生.压力传感器(静态)自动校准装置.[J]航天器环境工程,2005-22(3)
[19]胡向东,刘京诚,余成波.传感器与检测技术.机械工业出版社,2009
[20]付永杰,白旭.压力传感器自动检定系统设计[J].舰船电子工程,2008
[21]施洪昌.风洞数据采集技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004
[22]阴亚芳.压力传感器自学习校准系统的设计.[J]西安邮电学院学报,1998-3(4)
[23]程军.一种自校准压力传感系统.[J]现代电子技术,2003-5(148)
[24]李淼斌.压力传感器、变送器自动测试/校准系统研制.[D]硕士学位论文,成都:电子科技大学,2007
[25]钱芸.智能数字校验仪的设计与实现.[D]硕士学位论文,吉林:吉林大学,2004
[26]朱明武.压力准静态校准技术.[J]宇航计测技术,2004-24(2)
[27]孟令军.减小压力传感器静态误差的一种方法.[J]化工自动化及仪表,2001-28(6)
[28]栾跃.软件开发项目管理.[D]硕士论文,上海:上海交通大学,2005
[29]陈世鸿.软件工程原理与应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2000
[30] Festo.Automation products and Systems.Germany,1997
[31] Yang,Wenrong.Study on the calibration signal generator for differential pressure sensor[J]. Science Press, 2011
[32] Obermeier,E.,Hein,S.,Schlichting,V.Smart pressure sensor with on-chip calibration and compensation capability[J]. Sensors (Peterborough, NH), 1995
[33] Yameogo,P,Heiba,U.,AlBahri,M.Self calibrating pressure sensor for biomedical applications[J].Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, 2009
[34] Chapman, John J.;Kahng, Seun K.Temperature and pressure controlled calibration system for pressure sensors[J].ISA Transactions, 1990
[35] Klaser, Harold N.;Keeter, Steven M.;Juanarena, Douglas B.High accuracy silicon pressure sensor[J].Instrumentation in the Aerospace Industry, 1994
[36]郑思福.基于VB的图书馆管理系统设计[M].北京:农业图书情报学刊,2010
[37]姜谦.中小学排课系统的研究与设计.[D]硕士论文,广东,华南理工大学,2010
[38]郭长锐,刘桦林,黄宏伟.电测式压力计[J].铁道技术监督,2009-03
[39]杜影,袁海文.传感器参数自动标定及掉电记录保护装置的研制[M].北京:工业计量,2005
[40]曹垒.基于ACE和TAO的现场总线实时综合网络的研究与实现.[D]硕士论文,电子科技大学,2007
[41] S·K·Banerjee,骆玉玲.传感器校准数据处理的新方法[J].国外导弹与航天运载器,1990(12)
[42]王郁.矢量传感器校准装置系统研究.[D]硕士论文,哈尔滨工程大学,2009
[43]张天宏,丁毅.用于电阻类传感器校准的电子合成电阻[J].传感器技术,2010(10)