西北太平洋秋刀鱼分鱼系统的初步设计
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摘要
本文概述了国内外渔业机械的发展情况,并介绍了几种国内外吸鱼泵的研制及发展情况,对秋刀鱼船用吸鱼泵进行了描述。根据2008～2010年6～8月我国大陆2艘秋刀鱼渔船在西北太平洋公海作业时提供的分鱼系统设备(鱼水分离器、鱼体选别机)参数及使用经验情况,利用法国达索公司开发研制的solidworks软件模拟设计了适用于我国秋刀鱼远洋捕捞作业船的分鱼系统。
目前秋刀鱼远洋捕捞作业已经在我国大陆形成了一定的产业规模,但是其配套设施及助鱼设备还有待进一步的完善。目前我国大陆秋刀鱼作业船只所采用的是舷体网作业方法。该种方发最早起源于日本,后逐步被韩国及台湾所采用,我国与2001年开始秋刀鱼生产,产量逐年上升。但是随着产量增加,人工选别再装箱的处理方法越来越不适用于现代化的生产,严重影响了秋刀鱼船只作业时的效率。并且增加了船员工作时的危险性。另外捕捞上来后的秋刀鱼需要根据客户的要求按照个体比例进行装箱入库。
针对这一情况,本文逐一对分鱼系统中鱼水分离器的箱体,渗水板、入鱼通道及脚架和鱼体选别机的喷水装置、鱼体整理器、卸鱼箱、齿轮箱、脚架、侧板护板的设计。接着根据秋刀鱼选别机是根据鱼体体宽分成等级的选别原理,对选别机的传动部件,包括滚筒装置以及齿轮传动的设计、选型和绘制。再将所有部件通过重合、同心、平行、相切等装配命令装配成一个完整的秋刀鱼选别机。最后进行了爆炸、动画、渲染的效果展示及材料的选择。以期减少选别选别过程中鱼体的损伤和死亡,提高秋刀鱼生产的经济效益,提高工作效率,降低劳动强度。
最后提出了四点设想:1)斜齿轮的传动比链齿轮的传动更加稳定,可否用交叉斜齿轮的方案代替。2)秋刀鱼选别机的对鱼的选择性比较局限,从经济角度来说不是很实用,可否利用丝杆等调节的装置来对滚筒的间隙进行调节,这样,对鱼的选择性就大大过大了,符合我国的实际国情。3)海况的变化以及适用于多种鱼体的选别要求,选别机与水平面之间的倾角固定,不适合多变的海况以及不同鱼群个体大小的选别需要,可否通过对秋刀鱼选别机设计一套活动支脚来调节选别机与水平面之间的倾角来增加鱼体的下滑速度以期提高选别机精度和工作效率。4)为了提高机器工作效率和减少生产投入的成本,可否考虑把鱼水分离器及鱼体选别机合并为一台设备,通过鱼水分离器装置架设在选别机之上,或者在选别机的鱼体整理器部分直接增设一个排水通道方法来实现。
该选别机虽属初级加工,但从我国目前实际情况出发,还是较适用于我国的秋刀鱼作业船只。为此,必须加强原料处理机械的研究。希望本设计对我国渔业机械水产品原料处理机械具有一定参考价值。
This paper summarizes the development of domestic and international fishery machinery at home and abroad are introduced, and several of the pump suction fish, development and development of saury Marine fish pump suction were described. According to the 2008 ~ 2010 6 ~ 8 months China mainland 2 ship saury fishing boats in the Pacific northwest high seas when the points fish provide homework system device (water separator, fish sorting machine) parameters and experience of using situation, use French dassault solidworks software developed by the company was suitable for simulative design in saury deep-sea fishing operations boat points fish system.
Currently saury deep-sea fishing operations in China mainland already formed some industry scale, but its facilities and help fish equipment remains to be further improved. At present our country mainland saury homework ships the port body nets operation method is. The square hair originating in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan after gradually been adopted in China since 2001, with saury production, production increased year after year. But as the yield increase, artificial classification packing processing methods more again apply to the modernization of production, which seriously affected the saury ships the efficiency of operations. And increased the risk of crew at work. Another fishing the saury need up according to the requirements of the clients according to the proportion of packing into the Treasury.
In view of this situation, the paper each of points in the system of water separator fish, seepage board, into the body and feet frame and fish passage of fish body sorting machine watr, fish sorting device, unloaded fish box, gear box, feet frame, design of the endplates guard board. Then according to the saury choose don't machine is based on fish body body wide into level classification principle, the transmission parts of the sorting machine, including roller device and gear transmission design, selection and paint. Then all the parts through the coincidence, concentric, parallel, such as command assembly tangent assembly into a complete saury grade machine. The explosion, animation, rendering effects display and material selection. In order to reduce choose don't graded process injuries and deaths of the larvae, improve the economic benefits of saury production, improve efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
Finally puts forward four ideas: 1) the helical gear transmission of gear transmission chain is more stable, could use cross helical gears scheme instead. 2) saury grade machine to fish the selective more localized, economically not very practical, harnessing screw adjusting devices such as the clearance of roller adjusted to fish, so, too, are greatly the selective with the actual condition of our country. 3) sea change and it is applicable for various fish body choice of don't ask, choose don't machine and plane Angle between fixed, not suitable for changeful sea and different individual size fish can choose don't need, through saury sorting machine design a set of activities supporting feet to adjust to the horizon choose don't machine to increase the Angle between the slip velocity fish body to improve the accuracy and sorting machine working efficiency. 4) in order to improve the working efficiency and reduce production machine input costs, can consider to choose water separator and fish body for a device: don't machine, through merger and water separator device mounted on a selected don't machine, or above in selected don't machine devices of the fish body directly add a tidy way to implement drainage channels.
This grade machine though an elementary processing, but from our country current realities in China, or is more suitable for the saury homework ships. Therefore, we must strengthen the raw material processing machinery research. Hope this design to Chinese fishery mechanical aquatic product materials processing machinery has certain reference value.
目前秋刀鱼远洋捕捞作业已经在我国大陆形成了一定的产业规模,但是其配套设施及助鱼设备还有待进一步的完善。目前我国大陆秋刀鱼作业船只所采用的是舷体网作业方法。该种方发最早起源于日本,后逐步被韩国及台湾所采用,我国与2001年开始秋刀鱼生产,产量逐年上升。但是随着产量增加,人工选别再装箱的处理方法越来越不适用于现代化的生产,严重影响了秋刀鱼船只作业时的效率。并且增加了船员工作时的危险性。另外捕捞上来后的秋刀鱼需要根据客户的要求按照个体比例进行装箱入库。
针对这一情况,本文逐一对分鱼系统中鱼水分离器的箱体,渗水板、入鱼通道及脚架和鱼体选别机的喷水装置、鱼体整理器、卸鱼箱、齿轮箱、脚架、侧板护板的设计。接着根据秋刀鱼选别机是根据鱼体体宽分成等级的选别原理,对选别机的传动部件,包括滚筒装置以及齿轮传动的设计、选型和绘制。再将所有部件通过重合、同心、平行、相切等装配命令装配成一个完整的秋刀鱼选别机。最后进行了爆炸、动画、渲染的效果展示及材料的选择。以期减少选别选别过程中鱼体的损伤和死亡,提高秋刀鱼生产的经济效益,提高工作效率,降低劳动强度。
最后提出了四点设想:1)斜齿轮的传动比链齿轮的传动更加稳定,可否用交叉斜齿轮的方案代替。2)秋刀鱼选别机的对鱼的选择性比较局限,从经济角度来说不是很实用,可否利用丝杆等调节的装置来对滚筒的间隙进行调节,这样,对鱼的选择性就大大过大了,符合我国的实际国情。3)海况的变化以及适用于多种鱼体的选别要求,选别机与水平面之间的倾角固定,不适合多变的海况以及不同鱼群个体大小的选别需要,可否通过对秋刀鱼选别机设计一套活动支脚来调节选别机与水平面之间的倾角来增加鱼体的下滑速度以期提高选别机精度和工作效率。4)为了提高机器工作效率和减少生产投入的成本,可否考虑把鱼水分离器及鱼体选别机合并为一台设备,通过鱼水分离器装置架设在选别机之上,或者在选别机的鱼体整理器部分直接增设一个排水通道方法来实现。
该选别机虽属初级加工,但从我国目前实际情况出发,还是较适用于我国的秋刀鱼作业船只。为此,必须加强原料处理机械的研究。希望本设计对我国渔业机械水产品原料处理机械具有一定参考价值。
This paper summarizes the development of domestic and international fishery machinery at home and abroad are introduced, and several of the pump suction fish, development and development of saury Marine fish pump suction were described. According to the 2008 ~ 2010 6 ~ 8 months China mainland 2 ship saury fishing boats in the Pacific northwest high seas when the points fish provide homework system device (water separator, fish sorting machine) parameters and experience of using situation, use French dassault solidworks software developed by the company was suitable for simulative design in saury deep-sea fishing operations boat points fish system.
Currently saury deep-sea fishing operations in China mainland already formed some industry scale, but its facilities and help fish equipment remains to be further improved. At present our country mainland saury homework ships the port body nets operation method is. The square hair originating in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan after gradually been adopted in China since 2001, with saury production, production increased year after year. But as the yield increase, artificial classification packing processing methods more again apply to the modernization of production, which seriously affected the saury ships the efficiency of operations. And increased the risk of crew at work. Another fishing the saury need up according to the requirements of the clients according to the proportion of packing into the Treasury.
In view of this situation, the paper each of points in the system of water separator fish, seepage board, into the body and feet frame and fish passage of fish body sorting machine watr, fish sorting device, unloaded fish box, gear box, feet frame, design of the endplates guard board. Then according to the saury choose don't machine is based on fish body body wide into level classification principle, the transmission parts of the sorting machine, including roller device and gear transmission design, selection and paint. Then all the parts through the coincidence, concentric, parallel, such as command assembly tangent assembly into a complete saury grade machine. The explosion, animation, rendering effects display and material selection. In order to reduce choose don't graded process injuries and deaths of the larvae, improve the economic benefits of saury production, improve efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
Finally puts forward four ideas: 1) the helical gear transmission of gear transmission chain is more stable, could use cross helical gears scheme instead. 2) saury grade machine to fish the selective more localized, economically not very practical, harnessing screw adjusting devices such as the clearance of roller adjusted to fish, so, too, are greatly the selective with the actual condition of our country. 3) sea change and it is applicable for various fish body choice of don't ask, choose don't machine and plane Angle between fixed, not suitable for changeful sea and different individual size fish can choose don't need, through saury sorting machine design a set of activities supporting feet to adjust to the horizon choose don't machine to increase the Angle between the slip velocity fish body to improve the accuracy and sorting machine working efficiency. 4) in order to improve the working efficiency and reduce production machine input costs, can consider to choose water separator and fish body for a device: don't machine, through merger and water separator device mounted on a selected don't machine, or above in selected don't machine devices of the fish body directly add a tidy way to implement drainage channels.
This grade machine though an elementary processing, but from our country current realities in China, or is more suitable for the saury homework ships. Therefore, we must strengthen the raw material processing machinery research. Hope this design to Chinese fishery mechanical aquatic product materials processing machinery has certain reference value.
引文
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[2]张勋,徐宝生,郁岳峰,等.秋刀鱼舷提网设备及改装研究[J].渔业现代化, 2005, (4):42-43.
[3]许巍.西北太平洋秋刀鱼舷提网捕捞技术研究[D].上海水产大学硕士毕业论文.2006
[4]夏辉.秋刀鱼舷提网渔业中照度分布的模型建立[D].上海水产大学硕士毕业论文.2008
[5]邹晓荣,朱清澄.西北太平洋秋刀鱼渔场分布及与海水表层温度的关系分析[J].湛江海洋大学学报, 2006, 26(6):26-30.
[6]朱清澄,夏辉,花传祥,等.西北太平洋公海秋刀鱼夏季索饵场浮游动物的分布[J].水产学报, 2008, 32(6):890-898.
[7]朱清澄,马伟刚,刘昊,等.夏季西北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场浮游动物数量分布初步研究[J].上海水产大学学报, 2008, (1):118-122.
[8]朱清澄,刘昊,马伟刚,等.西北太平洋公海秋刀鱼渔场浮游动物数量分布的初步研究[J].水产科学, 2008, 27(1):13-16.
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