椒目的化学成分研究
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摘要
本论文综合利用硅胶、聚酰胺、葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱、制备薄层、重结晶等各种手段,对椒目95%乙醇提取物的化学成分进行系统分离,从中分离得到12个化合物,根据理化性质测定及波谱数据分析,鉴定了其中10个化合物的结构(见Table 2-1),分别为Obtucarbamate A(1)、表儿茶素(2)、槲皮素(3)、24-烯-环阿尔廷酮(4)、辛二酸(5)、硬脂酸(6)、β-谷甾醇(7)、胡萝卜苷(8)、异欧前胡素(9)、异茴芹素(10)。其中化合物1,2,3,4,5,9为首次从该属植物中分离得到。
     本论文采用气相色谱法,首次对我国10个不同产地椒目药材中α-亚麻酸的含量进行了比较研究,通过方法学考察证实,精密度、重现性、稳定性良好,加样回收率等符合规定。结果表明:10个产地的样品中,河北、四川产椒目中α-亚麻酸含量较高。本文方法简便,结果可靠,可以用来评价和控制药材的质量,为合理开发利用椒目药用资源提供了参考依据。
     本论文对椒目中具有明显抗哮喘作用的椒目油进行了药理活性研究,结果表明:椒目油具有明显的平喘、止咳、抗炎、抗过敏及抗应激作用,其作用机理可能与稳定肥大细胞膜以及减少AA脂氧酶代谢产物白三烯(LTB_4、LTC_4、LTD_4、LTE_4)的生成有关。
Twelve compounds have been isolated from the seeds of Zanthoxylom bungeanum Maxim, by open-column, preparative TLC and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography methods etc. According to their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, ten compounds (see Table 2-1) have been identified as Obtucarbamate A (1), epicatechin (2), quercitrin (3), 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-one (4), octanedioic acid (5), stearic acid (6), β-sitosterol (7), daucosterol (8), isoimperatorin (9), isopimpinellin (10). Compounds 1,2,3, 4, 5, 9 were isolated from the genus for the first time.
    The content of α-linolenic acid was determined in the seeds of Z bungeanum Maxim, from ten habitants in China. The contents of α-linolenic acid the seeds of Z bungeanum Maxim which obtained from Hebei and Sichuan were much more higher . The determination results indicated that the quality of the seeds of Z bungeanum Maxim, could be evaluated and controlled by GC. It was proved that the method was an effective and convenient reference standard for evaluating and controlling the herb of Z bungeanum Maxim.
    In addition, the results of the pharmacological research showed that the seeds oil of Z bungeanum Maxim. had the effects of anti- asthma, coughing stopping, anti-inflammatory and anti-stress. The mechanism was relative to stabilizing the membrane of mast cell to decrease the amount of LTB4, LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4, which were the metabolites of AA hydrolyzed by lipoxidase.
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