变电站瞬态磁场测量系统的研究
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摘要
变电站内存在复杂的瞬态电磁干扰,其脉冲上升沿可达数纳秒,频带跨越数百MHz,掌握变电站瞬态干扰源分布及幅值的数值特征具有重要意义。本文基于法拉第电磁感应定律,应用微小电流互感器及光纤传输技术,研制了一套宽频带、高幅值、ns级响应的脉冲磁场测量系统。论文提出了应用电流互感器测量闭合线圈感应电流以间接测量磁场强度的设计思想,制作出了新型的磁场探头。介绍了测量系统的设计原理及各部分的组成,重点研究了磁场探头的变换机理,幅频特性、灵敏度响应等动态特征及几何结构对探头性能的影响作用,并通过实验进行验证。经过电磁脉冲发生器的测试,此测量系统的灵敏度为160V／T,频带为15k-200MHz,可以满足变电站瞬态电磁场测量的要求。
There is complicated transient electromagnetic interference in substation, whose pulse can rise along in ns, its frequency band is in the rang of hundreds of MHz.it is important to understand the distribution of substation transient disturbance and the amplitude of the numerical characteristics. The paper based on Faraday law on electromagnetic induction, with small and optical fiber transmission technology, developed a set of broad-spectral-bandwidth, amplitude, magnetic pulse measurement system responsing in ns;And putted forward the application of CT measurement with indirect closed coil induced current measurement of the magnetic field strength design, researched and developed a new magnetic detector. And introduced the design principle of the measurement system and components, focused on the mechanism of magnetic field of the transformation, amplitude frequency characteristics, dynamic response sensitivity, as well as geometric structure to probe the influence, and verified by experiments. By electromagnetic pulse generator, the measurement system of testing sensitivity for 160V/T, band for 15k-200MHz, which can meet the substation transient field measurement requirements.
There is complicated transient electromagnetic interference in substation, whose pulse can rise along in ns, its frequency band is in the rang of hundreds of MHz.it is important to understand the distribution of substation transient disturbance and the amplitude of the numerical characteristics. The paper based on Faraday law on electromagnetic induction, with small and optical fiber transmission technology, developed a set of broad-spectral-bandwidth, amplitude, magnetic pulse measurement system responsing in ns;And putted forward the application of CT measurement with indirect closed coil induced current measurement of the magnetic field strength design, researched and developed a new magnetic detector. And introduced the design principle of the measurement system and components, focused on the mechanism of magnetic field of the transformation, amplitude frequency characteristics, dynamic response sensitivity, as well as geometric structure to probe the influence, and verified by experiments. By electromagnetic pulse generator, the measurement system of testing sensitivity for 160V/T, band for 15k-200MHz, which can meet the substation transient field measurement requirements.
引文
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[5]何希才.传感器及其应用电路.北京：电子工业出版社,2001.
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[19]C.M.Wiggins, S.E.Wright. Summary of Switching Transient Fields in AIS and GIS. IEEE Power Engineering Review,1991,61-62.
[20]N.Fujimoto, S.A.Boggs. Characteristics of GIS disconnector induced short rise time transient incident on externally connected power system components. IEEE transaction on Power Delivery,1988,3(3):961-970.
[21]J.Meppelink, K.Diederich and K.Feser, et al. Very fast transients in GIS. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1989,4(1):223-233.
[22]G.Aponte, H.Cadavid and R.Perez, et al. Electric and Magnetic Fields Measurement in Colombian Lines and Substations. IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2003,2:1195-1198.
[23]崔翔.2002年国际大电网会议系列报道—电力系统电磁兼容研究进展.电力系统自动化,2003,27(4)：1-5.
[24]王泽忠,李成榕,李鹏,等.用球形三维电场探头测量变电站瞬态电场.华北电力大学学报,2002,29(3)：16-19.
[25]张卫东,崔翔.光纤瞬态磁场传感器的研究及其应用.中国电机工程学报,2003,23(1)：88-92.
[26]卢斌先,王泽忠,李成榕,等.500kV变电站开关操作瞬态电场测量与研究.中国电机工程学报,2004,24(4)：133-138.
[27]王泽忠,全玉生,卢斌先.工程电磁场.北京：清华大学出版社2004,193～195.
[28]王江平,刘杰,等.一种基于光纤传感脉冲磁场传感器的研究.传感器世界,2005,12：26-29
[2]张章奎.国内外特高压电网技术发展综述.华北电力技术,2006,1(1)：1～3.
[3]朱文炜.电力系统的电磁兼容问题及其测试.宁夏电力,2007.6,25～26.
[4]刘迎春,叶湘滨.传感器原理设计与应用.长沙：国防科技大学出版社,2002.
[5]何希才.传感器及其应用电路.北京：电子工业出版社,2001.
[6]王元庆.新型传感器原理及应用.北京：机械工业出版社,2002.
[7]赵负图.现代传感器集成电路(图像及磁传感器电路).北京：人民邮电出版社,2000.
[8]K.Feser, W.pfaff. A potential free spherical sensor for the measurement of transient electric fields. IEEE transactions on PAS,1984,103; 2904～2911.
[9]T.Krauβ, W.Koheler, K.Feser. Improved high bandwidth potential-free magnetic probe, ISH'99, London.
[10]张卫东.变电站开关操作瞬态电磁干扰问题的研究：[博士学位论文].河北：华北电力大学电力工程系,2003.
[11]朱玛.微机继电保护抗干扰研究：[硕士论文],北京：华北电力大学,2005.
[12]王洪新,贺景亮.电力系统电磁兼容.武汉大学出版社,2004；1～252.
[13]大卫A,韦斯顿.电磁兼容原理与应用.机械工业出版社,2006；1～756.
[14]王玉峰,变电站瞬态电磁环境及微机保护系统EMC研究,大连理工大学博士论文,2007；1～112.
[15]C.M.Wiggins, D.E.Wright. "Switching Transient Fields in Substations", IEEE
Tran, Power Delivery,1991,6(2):591～600.
[16]N.Ari, W.Blumer. Transient electromagnetic fields due to switching operations in electric power systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on EMC,1987,29(3):233-237.
[17]周克定,电磁场与电磁波,机械工业出版社,2000,8.
[18]C.M.Wiggins, S.E.Wright. Switching Transient Fields in Substations. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(2):591-600.
[19]C.M.Wiggins, S.E.Wright. Summary of Switching Transient Fields in AIS and GIS. IEEE Power Engineering Review,1991,61-62.
[20]N.Fujimoto, S.A.Boggs. Characteristics of GIS disconnector induced short rise time transient incident on externally connected power system components. IEEE transaction on Power Delivery,1988,3(3):961-970.
[21]J.Meppelink, K.Diederich and K.Feser, et al. Very fast transients in GIS. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1989,4(1):223-233.
[22]G.Aponte, H.Cadavid and R.Perez, et al. Electric and Magnetic Fields Measurement in Colombian Lines and Substations. IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2003,2:1195-1198.
[23]崔翔.2002年国际大电网会议系列报道—电力系统电磁兼容研究进展.电力系统自动化,2003,27(4)：1-5.
[24]王泽忠,李成榕,李鹏,等.用球形三维电场探头测量变电站瞬态电场.华北电力大学学报,2002,29(3)：16-19.
[25]张卫东,崔翔.光纤瞬态磁场传感器的研究及其应用.中国电机工程学报,2003,23(1)：88-92.
[26]卢斌先,王泽忠,李成榕,等.500kV变电站开关操作瞬态电场测量与研究.中国电机工程学报,2004,24(4)：133-138.
[27]王泽忠,全玉生,卢斌先.工程电磁场.北京：清华大学出版社2004,193～195.
[28]王江平,刘杰,等.一种基于光纤传感脉冲磁场传感器的研究.传感器世界,2005,12：26-29