城市轨道交通建设期间地面交通组织管理技术方法研究
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摘要
随着城市规模不断扩大，城市交通已经成为严峻的社会问题。城市轨道交通作为一种有效的运输方式近年来在我国许多城市有了迅猛的发展。今后若干年将是我国城市轨道交通高速建设发展时期，由于城市轨道交通线路通常沿城市主干路布设，其建设施工期较长，需占用道路资源，且施工区域呈带状分布，地铁线位所在的道路失去了其城市交通走廊的作用，使得许多车辆不得不改线行驶或绕行，城市轨道交通工程建设对道路交通产生的负面影响较正常的道路施工更为严重，与此同时，占道施工区的交通组织也一直未得到重视。
由于缺乏科学系统的交通流组织方案，额外增加道路交通负荷，影响道路正常的通行能力，从而增加了城市交通的拥堵性。如何合理的进行城市轨道建设期地面交通组织成为了目前缓解城市交通的关键。论文结合城市轨道建设期交通特性，本着科学、系统、实用的原则，对城市交通轨道建设期交通管理控制理论与方法作了改进与发展。
论文首先阐述了城市轨道建设工艺工法，分析了不同道路条件适合的工艺和不同工艺对道路交通、交通流、公共交通、停车场、特殊用地的影响，做到有的放矢，但从国内外研究现状来看，结合上述特点而进行的交通管理规划理论研究还很薄弱，本文的研究具有现实意义。
在总结国内外有关城市轨道建设期交通组织管理经验的基础上，结合日常交通管理中常用的城市道路交通组织管理措施，对轨道建设期交通组织管理措施进行了分析、探讨，提出了基于“点、线、面”的城市轨道建设期交通组织框架体系。
建立了基于用地结构熵的广义熵重力模型。根据轨道交通建设期不同用地的居民出行与土地利用混合发展程度密切关系，借鉴熵函数形式的基础上，提出了基于用地结构熵的广义熵重力模型，解决了原有重力模型在轨道建设期间特殊环境下，不能很好进行居民出行分布预测的问题。
分析了城市轨道建设期对道路影响区域、道路沿线、关键点的通行能力的影响，分别研究了基于道路网容量的区域网通行能力、基于VISSIM仿真的道路沿线通行能力、基于单元可靠度的关键点通行能力。
提出了城市轨道建设期交通组织框架体系和评价方法。本文以“以人为本、优先保证公共交通、合理分流、强化管理”为指导原则，研究了适合于城市轨道建设期交通管理规划的制定流程，建立了基于“点、线、面”三个方面的城市轨道建设期交通组织管理方案评价指标体系，并基于层次分析法，建立了城市轨道建设期交通组织方案评价模型。
最后，以西安市地铁四号线占道施工区为实证对象，利用本文研究成果对实例进行了验证，验证结果保障施工期间城市居民的日常出行、确保道路交通的畅通和安全。
As the expanding of city scale, the urban traffic is becoming a serious social problemthat we have to face. Urban rail transit as an effective mode of transportation, an army ofcities have developed rapidly in our country in recent years. Coming years will be theconstruction of urban rail transit high-speed development period, usually, due to urban railtransit lines laid along the urban trunk road, and long period of construction of itsconstruction, the resources required to occupy the road, and the construction area is zonaldistribution, where the subway line position has lost its role of urban transport corridors,making many vehicles had to change lane or bypass, more severe negative impacts of urbanrail transit construction of road traffic on normal road construction, meanwhile, laneconstruction traffic organization district also has not been taken seriously.
Due to the lack of scientific and systematic traffic organization plan, an additionalburden of road traffic, affecting the normal traffic capacity of the road, thus is increasing thetraffic congestion of the city. How to construct the urban rail traffic reasonably has become akey to urban traffic. The study combines the characteristics of urban rail transportconstruction period, in line with scientific, systematic and practical principles, improves anddevelops the theory and method of the construction of urban traffic management planning.
Based on the summary about the construction period of urban rail traffic organizationand management experience at home and abroad, combined with commonly usedmanagement measures in urban road traffic organization in daily traffic management,analyzed and discussed the construction of rail traffic organization and management measures,and proposed that based on "point, line, surface,"the construction of urban rail trafficorganization framework.
This study first describes the different processes of urban rail construction engineeringmethods and analyzes the suitable processes of different road conditions and the impact ofdifferent processes for road transport, land use, to be targeted, but the current research pointthat it combined with above characteristics to research transport management and planning isstill very weak, This study has practical significance.
This paper studied urban travel attracts models in rail construction period. According tothe impact on the nature of land along in construction of urban rail period, analyzed therelationship between the land and residents travel, a generalized gravitational entropy of landuse structure entropy model was be established, improves the accuracy of prediction residentstravel distribution, providing a theoretical support to the latter transportation organization.
Analyzed the impact of the construction of urban rail traffic capacity of the road on theaffected area, along the road, the key point, studied the capacity of the road networkreliability based regional network capacity, the capacity of the road along based on theVISSIM simulation and the key point capacity based on unit reliability.
Proposed framework and evaluation method of construction of urban rail trafficorganization. In this paper, the "people-oriented, giving priority to ensuring publictransportation, reasonable diversion, strengthen management" as the guiding principle,studied plan development process of traffic management that is suit for urban railconstruction period, established cities rail traffic organization and management of theconstruction program evaluation index system that based on the "point, line, plane", andestablished construction of urban rail traffic organization scheme evaluation model based onAHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process).
Finally,taking the construction area of the4th subway of xi'an as the empirical object,the presented research results in this study puts forward the recommendation of the trafficorganization and management, in order to ensure construction period of daily urban residents,the smooth and safety of road traffic.
由于缺乏科学系统的交通流组织方案，额外增加道路交通负荷，影响道路正常的通行能力，从而增加了城市交通的拥堵性。如何合理的进行城市轨道建设期地面交通组织成为了目前缓解城市交通的关键。论文结合城市轨道建设期交通特性，本着科学、系统、实用的原则，对城市交通轨道建设期交通管理控制理论与方法作了改进与发展。
论文首先阐述了城市轨道建设工艺工法，分析了不同道路条件适合的工艺和不同工艺对道路交通、交通流、公共交通、停车场、特殊用地的影响，做到有的放矢，但从国内外研究现状来看，结合上述特点而进行的交通管理规划理论研究还很薄弱，本文的研究具有现实意义。
在总结国内外有关城市轨道建设期交通组织管理经验的基础上，结合日常交通管理中常用的城市道路交通组织管理措施，对轨道建设期交通组织管理措施进行了分析、探讨，提出了基于“点、线、面”的城市轨道建设期交通组织框架体系。
建立了基于用地结构熵的广义熵重力模型。根据轨道交通建设期不同用地的居民出行与土地利用混合发展程度密切关系，借鉴熵函数形式的基础上，提出了基于用地结构熵的广义熵重力模型，解决了原有重力模型在轨道建设期间特殊环境下，不能很好进行居民出行分布预测的问题。
分析了城市轨道建设期对道路影响区域、道路沿线、关键点的通行能力的影响，分别研究了基于道路网容量的区域网通行能力、基于VISSIM仿真的道路沿线通行能力、基于单元可靠度的关键点通行能力。
提出了城市轨道建设期交通组织框架体系和评价方法。本文以“以人为本、优先保证公共交通、合理分流、强化管理”为指导原则，研究了适合于城市轨道建设期交通管理规划的制定流程，建立了基于“点、线、面”三个方面的城市轨道建设期交通组织管理方案评价指标体系，并基于层次分析法，建立了城市轨道建设期交通组织方案评价模型。
最后，以西安市地铁四号线占道施工区为实证对象，利用本文研究成果对实例进行了验证，验证结果保障施工期间城市居民的日常出行、确保道路交通的畅通和安全。
As the expanding of city scale, the urban traffic is becoming a serious social problemthat we have to face. Urban rail transit as an effective mode of transportation, an army ofcities have developed rapidly in our country in recent years. Coming years will be theconstruction of urban rail transit high-speed development period, usually, due to urban railtransit lines laid along the urban trunk road, and long period of construction of itsconstruction, the resources required to occupy the road, and the construction area is zonaldistribution, where the subway line position has lost its role of urban transport corridors,making many vehicles had to change lane or bypass, more severe negative impacts of urbanrail transit construction of road traffic on normal road construction, meanwhile, laneconstruction traffic organization district also has not been taken seriously.
Due to the lack of scientific and systematic traffic organization plan, an additionalburden of road traffic, affecting the normal traffic capacity of the road, thus is increasing thetraffic congestion of the city. How to construct the urban rail traffic reasonably has become akey to urban traffic. The study combines the characteristics of urban rail transportconstruction period, in line with scientific, systematic and practical principles, improves anddevelops the theory and method of the construction of urban traffic management planning.
Based on the summary about the construction period of urban rail traffic organizationand management experience at home and abroad, combined with commonly usedmanagement measures in urban road traffic organization in daily traffic management,analyzed and discussed the construction of rail traffic organization and management measures,and proposed that based on "point, line, surface,"the construction of urban rail trafficorganization framework.
This study first describes the different processes of urban rail construction engineeringmethods and analyzes the suitable processes of different road conditions and the impact ofdifferent processes for road transport, land use, to be targeted, but the current research pointthat it combined with above characteristics to research transport management and planning isstill very weak, This study has practical significance.
This paper studied urban travel attracts models in rail construction period. According tothe impact on the nature of land along in construction of urban rail period, analyzed therelationship between the land and residents travel, a generalized gravitational entropy of landuse structure entropy model was be established, improves the accuracy of prediction residentstravel distribution, providing a theoretical support to the latter transportation organization.
Analyzed the impact of the construction of urban rail traffic capacity of the road on theaffected area, along the road, the key point, studied the capacity of the road networkreliability based regional network capacity, the capacity of the road along based on theVISSIM simulation and the key point capacity based on unit reliability.
Proposed framework and evaluation method of construction of urban rail trafficorganization. In this paper, the "people-oriented, giving priority to ensuring publictransportation, reasonable diversion, strengthen management" as the guiding principle,studied plan development process of traffic management that is suit for urban railconstruction period, established cities rail traffic organization and management of theconstruction program evaluation index system that based on the "point, line, plane", andestablished construction of urban rail traffic organization scheme evaluation model based onAHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process).
Finally,taking the construction area of the4th subway of xi'an as the empirical object,the presented research results in this study puts forward the recommendation of the trafficorganization and management, in order to ensure construction period of daily urban residents,the smooth and safety of road traffic.
引文
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