中国银行保险业务的现状及发展对策
摘要
银行保险bancassurance是近年出现的一个概念,对它的定义也是多种多样。综合来说银行保险是保险公司或银行采用的一种相互渗透和融合的战略，是将银行和保险等多种金融服务联系在一起，并通过客户资源的整合与销售渠道的共享，提供与保险有关的金融产品服务，以一体化的经营形式来满足客户多元化的金融服务需求。银行保险真正发展是从20世纪80年代开始的,欧洲是银行保险的发源地,之后,银行保险发展非常迅速。银行保险保费收入的份额占保费总额的比例不断上升。在银行保险的发源地欧洲，法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、瑞典、奥地利相对比较发达,其实现的保费收入占寿险市场业务总量的50%-60%;而在另外一些国家如比利时、意大利、德国、英国等这一比例也在20%～35%之间。国际经济一体化为银行保险的发展提供了诱因和外部条件,而造成银行保险发展的内在因素则是金融业激烈竞争的结果。
在我国,银行保险的出现较晚,但发展速度相当快。从1996年开始,一些新设立的保险公司,如华安、泰康、新华等,为扩大业务,树立形象,以尽快占领市场,纷纷与银行签订银行保险协议,开展银行保险业务。进入2000年以来,国内的银行与保险公司的合作更为频繁,几大国有保险公司和股份制保险公司都与商业银行建立了以银行保险业务为主要内容的合作关系。到2001年,银保之间的合作更是大手笔, 四大国有商业银行及目前市场份额最大的三家寿险公司均已在短时间内建立了银行保险业务合作,这种合作并非一一对应的简单形式,而是呈现出交叉的特点; 其次,从协议的内容来看,尽管我国的银行保险在合作形式上完全是采用合作协议的方式,但合作的内容相当丰富,比欧洲某些放宽法律限制后国家的银行保险更为广泛,例如对客户信息的共享、提供金融咨询的服务等。但从已有的银保合作发展速度来看,制度已经明显地滞后了,银行保险的发展中有很多的制约因素限制了其发展。因而如何来促进银行保险业的发展成为一个急待探讨的问题。
本文共分四个部分：银行保险的定义及业务特色；对我国银行保
险业务发展的探析；太平人寿银行保险业务发展案例分析；对中国银行保险发展的反思。在第一个部分中本文列示了多种不同角度对银行保险较有影响的定义，以阐述银行保险丰富的内涵。除介绍其区别于传统保险产品的特征外，特别强调其渠道和经营模式，这一点是与银行保险极强的销售性分不开的。在第二个部分中，本文介绍了银行保险的发展现状，描述了其发展阶段及目前主要的产品。而作为本部分的重点，本文分析了银行保险存在和发展的宏观环境，并利用波特五力量分析方法分析了银行保险的竞争环境。并从宏观的角度分析了银行保险目前的发展中存在的制约因素。在第三部分中是一个案例分析，本文作这个案例分析的目的是通过从微观角度来更为具体的分析银行保险发展的制约因素，并与前面从宏观角度所作的分析来彼此验证。以求将问题分析得更加深入和可信。因此在这一部分中本文紧密围绕问题的分析，内容集中在案例介绍和分析两块上。二、三部分是全文的基础，只有先找出问题才能解决问题。第四部分是全文的重点，是作者对如何更好的发展银行保险业务提出的自己的意见。这一部分有三个方面的内容：中国银行保险发展模式的分析和建议；促进中国银行保险发展的对策；我国保险业应对WTO的思考与对策。
Bancassurance appears in recent years. Its definition is various. Bancassurance is an inter-permeated strategy used by the insurance company or bank. It mixes many kinds of finance services of the insurance company and bank. And it meets customer's pluralityization need of the finance services by offering finance services connecting with insurance through sharing the resource of customers and sales channel. The genuine development of bancassurance began from the 80's of 20th century. Europe is the original place of bancassurance. And afterwards, the bancassurance develops very rapidly. The proportion of bancassurance premium in total premium constantly goes up. The bancassurance in France, Spain, Portugal, Sweden and Austria is relatively advanced. The bancassurance income is about 50%-60% of gross life insurance market income; and in other nations like Belgium, Italy, Germany and Britain etc, the proportion is between 20% - 35%. The international economic integration is the outer cause of the bancassurance development. The inherent factor of bancassurance development is the result of the intense competition of finance industry .
In our country, bancassurance appeared relatively late, but the development speed is fairly fast. From 1996, in order to enlarge its market share, some newly founded insurance company, such as Huaan, Tai Kang, Xinhua etc, signed bancassurance with the bank and do the business. After entering 2000, the internal bank and insurance company cooperate more closely. The main state-owned insurance company and many stock insurance companies have established cooperation relations on bancassurance with the commercial banks. Entering 2001,the cooperation between the banks and insurance companies was more widely. The biggest three life insurance companies and the four state-owned commercial banks have built cooperation relations. This cooperation is not the simple one-to-one type. It appears a crossing characteristic. Secondly, although the form of the cooperation adapts cooperative agreement, the contents of it is
ample, such as customers resource sharing, finance consultation service, etc. The cooperation develops rapidly, but the relative system is stagnant. A lot of restriction factors have placed restrictions on its development. Thus how to promote the development of bancassurance becomes a urgent problem inquiring research.
This text divides four parts altogether, the definition and the characteristic of bancassurance; the anatomy to our country bancassurance; analysis of the case--TAI PING life insurance co. bancassurance; thoughts to the development of China bancassurance. This text gives many kinds of different definition from different angles so as to expound the rich intension of bancassurance.
Apart from the different characteristic, it especially stresses sales channel and management model.
In the second part, it introduces the present situation of bancassurance, and describes its development stage and the major products. It analyses the macro-environment of bancassurance and uses Porter model to analyze the competition environment of bancassurance. And the restriction factor is analyzed from the macroscopic angle. The third part is a case studying. The purpose is to analyze the restriction factor in detail from the microcosmic angle. And validating it with above analysis so as to make it believable. Therefore the text closely focuses on the problem discussed. The second and third parts are the foundation of the whole text. To solve the problem only when finding it out. The forth part is the key part. It is the suggestions proposed by the author. It includes the analysis and suggestion of China bancassurance, the thoughts and countermeasures against WTO to our country insurance industry.
在我国,银行保险的出现较晚,但发展速度相当快。从1996年开始,一些新设立的保险公司,如华安、泰康、新华等,为扩大业务,树立形象,以尽快占领市场,纷纷与银行签订银行保险协议,开展银行保险业务。进入2000年以来,国内的银行与保险公司的合作更为频繁,几大国有保险公司和股份制保险公司都与商业银行建立了以银行保险业务为主要内容的合作关系。到2001年,银保之间的合作更是大手笔, 四大国有商业银行及目前市场份额最大的三家寿险公司均已在短时间内建立了银行保险业务合作,这种合作并非一一对应的简单形式,而是呈现出交叉的特点; 其次,从协议的内容来看,尽管我国的银行保险在合作形式上完全是采用合作协议的方式,但合作的内容相当丰富,比欧洲某些放宽法律限制后国家的银行保险更为广泛,例如对客户信息的共享、提供金融咨询的服务等。但从已有的银保合作发展速度来看,制度已经明显地滞后了,银行保险的发展中有很多的制约因素限制了其发展。因而如何来促进银行保险业的发展成为一个急待探讨的问题。
本文共分四个部分：银行保险的定义及业务特色；对我国银行保
险业务发展的探析；太平人寿银行保险业务发展案例分析；对中国银行保险发展的反思。在第一个部分中本文列示了多种不同角度对银行保险较有影响的定义，以阐述银行保险丰富的内涵。除介绍其区别于传统保险产品的特征外，特别强调其渠道和经营模式，这一点是与银行保险极强的销售性分不开的。在第二个部分中，本文介绍了银行保险的发展现状，描述了其发展阶段及目前主要的产品。而作为本部分的重点，本文分析了银行保险存在和发展的宏观环境，并利用波特五力量分析方法分析了银行保险的竞争环境。并从宏观的角度分析了银行保险目前的发展中存在的制约因素。在第三部分中是一个案例分析，本文作这个案例分析的目的是通过从微观角度来更为具体的分析银行保险发展的制约因素，并与前面从宏观角度所作的分析来彼此验证。以求将问题分析得更加深入和可信。因此在这一部分中本文紧密围绕问题的分析，内容集中在案例介绍和分析两块上。二、三部分是全文的基础，只有先找出问题才能解决问题。第四部分是全文的重点，是作者对如何更好的发展银行保险业务提出的自己的意见。这一部分有三个方面的内容：中国银行保险发展模式的分析和建议；促进中国银行保险发展的对策；我国保险业应对WTO的思考与对策。
Bancassurance appears in recent years. Its definition is various. Bancassurance is an inter-permeated strategy used by the insurance company or bank. It mixes many kinds of finance services of the insurance company and bank. And it meets customer's pluralityization need of the finance services by offering finance services connecting with insurance through sharing the resource of customers and sales channel. The genuine development of bancassurance began from the 80's of 20th century. Europe is the original place of bancassurance. And afterwards, the bancassurance develops very rapidly. The proportion of bancassurance premium in total premium constantly goes up. The bancassurance in France, Spain, Portugal, Sweden and Austria is relatively advanced. The bancassurance income is about 50%-60% of gross life insurance market income; and in other nations like Belgium, Italy, Germany and Britain etc, the proportion is between 20% - 35%. The international economic integration is the outer cause of the bancassurance development. The inherent factor of bancassurance development is the result of the intense competition of finance industry .
In our country, bancassurance appeared relatively late, but the development speed is fairly fast. From 1996, in order to enlarge its market share, some newly founded insurance company, such as Huaan, Tai Kang, Xinhua etc, signed bancassurance with the bank and do the business. After entering 2000, the internal bank and insurance company cooperate more closely. The main state-owned insurance company and many stock insurance companies have established cooperation relations on bancassurance with the commercial banks. Entering 2001,the cooperation between the banks and insurance companies was more widely. The biggest three life insurance companies and the four state-owned commercial banks have built cooperation relations. This cooperation is not the simple one-to-one type. It appears a crossing characteristic. Secondly, although the form of the cooperation adapts cooperative agreement, the contents of it is
ample, such as customers resource sharing, finance consultation service, etc. The cooperation develops rapidly, but the relative system is stagnant. A lot of restriction factors have placed restrictions on its development. Thus how to promote the development of bancassurance becomes a urgent problem inquiring research.
This text divides four parts altogether, the definition and the characteristic of bancassurance; the anatomy to our country bancassurance; analysis of the case--TAI PING life insurance co. bancassurance; thoughts to the development of China bancassurance. This text gives many kinds of different definition from different angles so as to expound the rich intension of bancassurance.
Apart from the different characteristic, it especially stresses sales channel and management model.
In the second part, it introduces the present situation of bancassurance, and describes its development stage and the major products. It analyses the macro-environment of bancassurance and uses Porter model to analyze the competition environment of bancassurance. And the restriction factor is analyzed from the macroscopic angle. The third part is a case studying. The purpose is to analyze the restriction factor in detail from the microcosmic angle. And validating it with above analysis so as to make it believable. Therefore the text closely focuses on the problem discussed. The second and third parts are the foundation of the whole text. To solve the problem only when finding it out. The forth part is the key part. It is the suggestions proposed by the author. It includes the analysis and suggestion of China bancassurance, the thoughts and countermeasures against WTO to our country insurance industry.
引文
1、《银行证券和保险三者之间的联盟分析》1999年10月8日 国研网
2、《银行保险的未来发展》2001年4月13日 法国PANDA北京代表处 摘自中国保险报
3、《影响银行代理保险业务发展的原因及对策》2002年4月13日 陈元火 摘自中国保险报
4、 《引导银行保险一体化服务新潮流》2003年1月24日 瑞士信贷北京代表处 摘自金融时报
5、《 如何在发展中市场里应用全球银行保险经验》2002年12月19日柯瑞文 摘自中国保险报
6、《英国金融业值得我们学习和借鉴》 2000年第7期 胡定核 金融参考
7、《Bancassurance:A survey of competition between banking and insurance》 From:Sigma Swiss Re
8、《 Bancassurance: Positioning for Affiliations Jean Crooks Gora 》 from:LOMA
9、《The Insurance Industry in the Financial Service Market》 The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance,Issues and practice,Thomas Welluer,1999,(7)
10、《Bancassurance and direct marketing LIMRA's market Facts》
Hartford:Sep/Oct 1999GeorgeStrang;Volume:18,Issue:5;Start Page:32-36
11、《Bancassurance gets a boost Best Review》Oldwick;Apr2000;Ron Panko;Volume:100;issue:12;Start page:113-118
12、太平人寿内部网站及资料
2、《银行保险的未来发展》2001年4月13日 法国PANDA北京代表处 摘自中国保险报
3、《影响银行代理保险业务发展的原因及对策》2002年4月13日 陈元火 摘自中国保险报
4、 《引导银行保险一体化服务新潮流》2003年1月24日 瑞士信贷北京代表处 摘自金融时报
5、《 如何在发展中市场里应用全球银行保险经验》2002年12月19日柯瑞文 摘自中国保险报
6、《英国金融业值得我们学习和借鉴》 2000年第7期 胡定核 金融参考
7、《Bancassurance:A survey of competition between banking and insurance》 From:Sigma Swiss Re
8、《 Bancassurance: Positioning for Affiliations Jean Crooks Gora 》 from:LOMA
9、《The Insurance Industry in the Financial Service Market》 The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance,Issues and practice,Thomas Welluer,1999,(7)
10、《Bancassurance and direct marketing LIMRA's market Facts》
Hartford:Sep/Oct 1999GeorgeStrang;Volume:18,Issue:5;Start Page:32-36
11、《Bancassurance gets a boost Best Review》Oldwick;Apr2000;Ron Panko;Volume:100;issue:12;Start page:113-118
12、太平人寿内部网站及资料