我国农村金融组织制度创新研究
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摘要
创新理论和制度创新理论是我国农村金融组织制度创新的基础,现阶段我国农村金融组织制度创新包括农村金融组织制度的主体创新和农村金融组织主体相互关系的制度创新。我国农村金融组织制度在从单一到多元、从计划向市场不断转变的过程中逐步走向完善,对经济发展的支持作用越来越明显。但是在这一转变过程中也暴露出结构性缺陷和功能性缺陷,这种缺陷的存在制约了我国农村金融市场的健康发展。
美国、日本和孟加拉等国的农村金融取得了一些成功经验,与这几个国家的农村金融组织制度相比较,我国农村金融组织制度在农村资金流向控制、政府财政支持、农业信用保险制度建设和小额信贷业务发展等方面还存在较大差距。我国农村金融组织制度创新应从进一步深化农村信用社的改革,坚持中国农业银行的“支农”特色,塑造中国农业发展银行的新形象,创新邮政储蓄支农业务,加快新型农村金融机构的建设,建立和完善农村保险体系,规范和引导农村非正规金融向健康方向发展等方面入手;同时要着力进行正规金融组织相互关系的制度创新、正规金融组织与非正规金融组织间相互关系的制度创新以及金融组织机构与金融监管机构间相互关系的制度创新。
Innovation theory and institutional innovation theory is the basis for the innovation of China's rural finance organization system. At the present stage, the innovation of China's rural financial organization system including the innovation of the main body of rural financial organization system and the innovation of the main institutional innovation of the relationship between the main body of rural financial organization system. After China's rural financial organization system from single to multiple, from a planned to a market-changing process, step by step toward improved support for economic development have become increasingly evident. However, in this process of change has also revealed that the structural defects and functional defects, the existence of such defects has hampered China's rural financial market in the healthy development.
United States, Japan and Bangladesh have achieved some success in rural finance experiences, compared to this few countries with the rural financial organizations system, China's rural financial organization system has a big gap in these areas, for example, the control of capital flows in the rural areas, government financial support, agricultural credit insurance system building and micro-credit business development. Institutional innovation of China's rural financial institutions should further deepen reform of rural credit cooperatives, Agricultural Bank of China adhere to the " Support for agriculture " characteristics, shaping a new image of China Agricultural Development Bank, innovative agriculture postal savings business, to speed up the construction of new-type rural financial institutions, establish and perfect the rural insurance system, standardize and guide the rural non-formal finance to the healthy development. At the same time we must focus on the system innovation of the relationship between the formal financial institutions within the organization, between the formal financial institutions and the non-formal financial institutions, between the financial institutions and the financial supervisory organizations.
美国、日本和孟加拉等国的农村金融取得了一些成功经验,与这几个国家的农村金融组织制度相比较,我国农村金融组织制度在农村资金流向控制、政府财政支持、农业信用保险制度建设和小额信贷业务发展等方面还存在较大差距。我国农村金融组织制度创新应从进一步深化农村信用社的改革,坚持中国农业银行的“支农”特色,塑造中国农业发展银行的新形象,创新邮政储蓄支农业务,加快新型农村金融机构的建设,建立和完善农村保险体系,规范和引导农村非正规金融向健康方向发展等方面入手;同时要着力进行正规金融组织相互关系的制度创新、正规金融组织与非正规金融组织间相互关系的制度创新以及金融组织机构与金融监管机构间相互关系的制度创新。
Innovation theory and institutional innovation theory is the basis for the innovation of China's rural finance organization system. At the present stage, the innovation of China's rural financial organization system including the innovation of the main body of rural financial organization system and the innovation of the main institutional innovation of the relationship between the main body of rural financial organization system. After China's rural financial organization system from single to multiple, from a planned to a market-changing process, step by step toward improved support for economic development have become increasingly evident. However, in this process of change has also revealed that the structural defects and functional defects, the existence of such defects has hampered China's rural financial market in the healthy development.
United States, Japan and Bangladesh have achieved some success in rural finance experiences, compared to this few countries with the rural financial organizations system, China's rural financial organization system has a big gap in these areas, for example, the control of capital flows in the rural areas, government financial support, agricultural credit insurance system building and micro-credit business development. Institutional innovation of China's rural financial institutions should further deepen reform of rural credit cooperatives, Agricultural Bank of China adhere to the " Support for agriculture " characteristics, shaping a new image of China Agricultural Development Bank, innovative agriculture postal savings business, to speed up the construction of new-type rural financial institutions, establish and perfect the rural insurance system, standardize and guide the rural non-formal finance to the healthy development. At the same time we must focus on the system innovation of the relationship between the formal financial institutions within the organization, between the formal financial institutions and the non-formal financial institutions, between the financial institutions and the financial supervisory organizations.
引文
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[31]Sean Boyle.The private finance initiative[J].Journal of Political economy,1997,314(7):1214-1215.
[32]Hans Rat.Private finance changes the investment rules[J].Railway Gazette International,2000,156(9):6
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[35]严浩坤,罗湛君.我国农村资金外流分析:规模、渠道与机理[N].中华合作时报,2009-04-28(c03).
[36]陈汉明.美国农村金融组织制度及对我国的启示[J].科技创业月刊,2009(3):29-30.
[37]中国农业银行赴美考察团.对美国农村金融体制的考察报告[J].农村金融研究,1989(3):52-55.
[38]李娅,陈伟.美国的农村金融体制[J].产权导刊,2006(6):20-21.
[39]张家寿,谭春枝.日本对欠发达地区的金融支持及其启示[J].改革与战略,2007,23(11):89-93.
[40]张亚丽.从孟加拉乡村银行及创始人获奖引发的思考[J].中国农业银行武汉培训学院学报,2007(5):9-11.
[41]王家傅,宋磊.孟加拉国国乡村银行运作模式对中国农村金融体制改革的启示[J].中国经济评论,2007,7(4):22-27.
[42]盛锦飞.社区银行--缓解农村金融困境的可行途径[J].金融与保险,2007(5):99-104.
[43]Mehmet C.Kocakuelah,Brian D.Crowe.Utilizing activity-based costing to measure loan portfolio profitability in a community bank[J].Journal of Cost Management,2005,19(4):40-47.
[44]新华网.服务农村金融:中国邮储银行“反哺”农村服务“三农”[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2009-03/15/content_11014794.htm.2009-03-15.
[2]康芒斯.制度经济学[M].于树生译.北京:商务印书馆,1983.87.
[3]诺斯.经济史中的结构与变迁[M].上海:三联书店,1991.226.
[4]张曙光.制度主体行为[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,1999.124.
[5]Douglass C.North.Institutions,Institutional Change and Economic Performance[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1990.4-6.
[6][7]李瑛,张兴恒.制度创新理论的研究探索[J].现代经济,2009(1):6-7.
[8]张笑玎.论金融制度与金融体制及经济制度的关系[J].经济与管理,2005,19(6):24-26.
[9]黄磊.金融制度创新的几个理论问题[J].当代财经,2001(6):36-39.
[10]林毅夫.再论制度、技术与中国农业发展[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000.22-25.
[11][18][24]中国人民银行农村金融服务研究小组.中国农村金融服务报告[EB/OL].http://www.pbc.gov.cn/detail.asp?col=100&ID=2850,2008-09-19.
[12]新华网.中国农村金融组织体系已初步形成[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2009-05/10/content_11345591_1.htm,2009-05-20.
[13]张诚.我国农业保险发展的现状与对策研究[J].哈尔滨金融高等专科学校学报,2009(3):31-33.
[14][19][20]中国银行业监督管理委员会.银监会有关部门负责人就发布《新型农村金融机构2009年-2011年工作安排》答记者问[EB/OL].http://www.cbrc.gov.cn/chinese/home/jsp/docView.jsp?docID=200907292C090D00B8699284FF2DA6FE3A40AB00,2009-07-29.
[15]范恒山.建立健全现代产权制度意义重大[N].人民日报,2003-11-18(T00).
[16]中国银行业监督管理委员会.中国银行业农村金融服务分布图集[EB/OL].http://bankmap.cbrc.gov.cn/bank/index_pro.jsp.2006.
[17]中国银行业监督管理委员会.王兆星副主席等在两会新闻中心接受中外记者集体采访实录[EB/OL].http://www.cbrc.gov.cn/chinese/home/jsp/docView.jsp?docID=20080324332840CBBA6660AEFFB62F43DFA2DE00,2008-03-14.
[18]中国银行业监督管理委员会.中国银监会积极推进新型农村金融机构扩大试点工作[EB/OL].http://www.cbrc.gov.cn/chinese/home/jsp/docView.jsp?docID=20081008726FC6C87312DFE7FF3A EA79D7FAF900,2008-10-9.
[21]武长海,强欢.如何完善我国的农村金融体制[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/theory/2009-06/24/content_11581846.htm,2009-06-24.
[22]中国金融学会.中国金融年鉴[M].北京:中国金融年鉴编辑部,2000.12.
[23][29][34]中国农业银行股份有限公司.中国农业银行2008年度报告[EB/OL].http://www.abchina.com/content/47/1200138/3/nianbao2008ys.zip.2009-04-26.
[25]21世纪经济报道.央行二度调研揭开神秘面纱民间金融正名[EB/OL].http://news.21cn.com/domestic/yaowen/2009/05/05/6234552.shtml.2009-05-05.
[26]Vernon w.Ruttan.Social science knowledge and induced institutional innovation:an institutional design perspective[J].Journal of institutional economics,2006,2(3):249-272.
[27]Mantino F.Institutional innovation,social cohesion and bottom-up approaches[J].Rivista di Economia Agraria,2007,62(3):449-458.
[28]卢现祥.新制度经济学[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004.3.
[29]范肇臻.中国国有商业银行制度创新研究[D]:[博士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学经济学院,2004.
[30]Bencivenga V.R.and B.D.Smith.Financial Intermediation and Endogenous Growth[J], Review of Economic Studies,1991(5):195-209.
[31]Sean Boyle.The private finance initiative[J].Journal of Political economy,1997,314(7):1214-1215.
[32]Hans Rat.Private finance changes the investment rules[J].Railway Gazette International,2000,156(9):6
[33]中国金融学会.中国金融年鉴[M].北京:中国金融年鉴编辑部,1997.10.
[35]严浩坤,罗湛君.我国农村资金外流分析:规模、渠道与机理[N].中华合作时报,2009-04-28(c03).
[36]陈汉明.美国农村金融组织制度及对我国的启示[J].科技创业月刊,2009(3):29-30.
[37]中国农业银行赴美考察团.对美国农村金融体制的考察报告[J].农村金融研究,1989(3):52-55.
[38]李娅,陈伟.美国的农村金融体制[J].产权导刊,2006(6):20-21.
[39]张家寿,谭春枝.日本对欠发达地区的金融支持及其启示[J].改革与战略,2007,23(11):89-93.
[40]张亚丽.从孟加拉乡村银行及创始人获奖引发的思考[J].中国农业银行武汉培训学院学报,2007(5):9-11.
[41]王家傅,宋磊.孟加拉国国乡村银行运作模式对中国农村金融体制改革的启示[J].中国经济评论,2007,7(4):22-27.
[42]盛锦飞.社区银行--缓解农村金融困境的可行途径[J].金融与保险,2007(5):99-104.
[43]Mehmet C.Kocakuelah,Brian D.Crowe.Utilizing activity-based costing to measure loan portfolio profitability in a community bank[J].Journal of Cost Management,2005,19(4):40-47.
[44]新华网.服务农村金融:中国邮储银行“反哺”农村服务“三农”[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2009-03/15/content_11014794.htm.2009-03-15.