嵌入式NTP网络时钟源的研究与开发
摘要
随着电力系统自动化技术的发展,电力系统授时钟同步精度的要求越来越高,电力系统也日趋网络化,如数字化变电站。而传统的时钟同步方法单一,不能将整个电力系统网内装置同步。为此,本文开发了一种既有网络同步授时功能、又有传统授时功能的嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源,该时钟源能够为电网自动化设备如微机故障录波及事件记录等智能设备提供精确时间。
本文从如何实现网络时钟同步的问题着手,在研究现有的网络时钟同步协议基础上,研究开发了一种嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源,实现了局域网内的网络时钟同步。
具体来说,本文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:
本论文深入研究了现有的网络时钟同步协议,着重分析了NTP协议的工作原理和报文格式,结合电力系统的实际,提出了此次设计所要达到的同步精度。本论文提出嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源的设计方案,完成了整个系统的硬件和软件开发。系统以Rabbit 2000微处理器为核心,实现了NTP网络时钟同步,同时也提供脉冲授时信号和串口授时信号。采用Dynamic C完成系统的软件开发,提出了一种时间标记方案,精确标记NTP同步报文到达和离开节点的时刻。
本论文采用Delphi语言编写客户端授时程序,对嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源进行了测试,测试结果表明本文所设计的网络时钟源能同步局域网内的从节点,同步方式简便,具有较大的应用价值。
With the development of automatic technology of electric system, the need of clock synchronization's precision is more and more exigent, the electric system is trending to networklize,for example, the digital transformer substation. But traditional clock synchronization method existing compares time singly, it can't synchronize the time of the entire electric system's devices. So, this thesis has developed an embedded network synchronization clock based on NTP, which is used for network time synchronization and traditional time comparing. This clock can provide precise time for automatic device of electric system such as PC malfunction to record wave and event.
This thesis starts from how to implement the clock synchronization, on the base of studies of existing network synchronization protocols, and develops an embedded network synchronization clock based on NTP, implementing the function of network time synchronization in LAN using NTP.
Specifically, this thesis includes the following aspects:
This thesis has lucubrated existing network clock protocols, mainly analyzing the NTP protocols’working principles and message format, combining the practice of electric system, putting forward the time comparing precision of this design.
This thesis has proposed a designing schema of embedded network synchronization clock based on NTP, having done the entire development of hardware and software system. The system is based on the core of Rabbit 2000 micro processor, and implementing the NTP network time synchronization function, providing pulse time comparing signal and serial-port time comparing signal. The software is developed using Dynamic C. Bring forward a scheme that can identify a time less than a second, and then we can get the exact time when the NTP synchronous messages arrive at the node and leave.
This thesis has used Delphi to write the client time comparing program to test the embedded NTP network synchronization clock, the test results indicate that the network clock of this paper has high precision, convenient to use, and has great value in practice.
本文从如何实现网络时钟同步的问题着手,在研究现有的网络时钟同步协议基础上,研究开发了一种嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源,实现了局域网内的网络时钟同步。
具体来说,本文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:
本论文深入研究了现有的网络时钟同步协议,着重分析了NTP协议的工作原理和报文格式,结合电力系统的实际,提出了此次设计所要达到的同步精度。本论文提出嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源的设计方案,完成了整个系统的硬件和软件开发。系统以Rabbit 2000微处理器为核心,实现了NTP网络时钟同步,同时也提供脉冲授时信号和串口授时信号。采用Dynamic C完成系统的软件开发,提出了一种时间标记方案,精确标记NTP同步报文到达和离开节点的时刻。
本论文采用Delphi语言编写客户端授时程序,对嵌入式NTP网络同步时钟源进行了测试,测试结果表明本文所设计的网络时钟源能同步局域网内的从节点,同步方式简便,具有较大的应用价值。
With the development of automatic technology of electric system, the need of clock synchronization's precision is more and more exigent, the electric system is trending to networklize,for example, the digital transformer substation. But traditional clock synchronization method existing compares time singly, it can't synchronize the time of the entire electric system's devices. So, this thesis has developed an embedded network synchronization clock based on NTP, which is used for network time synchronization and traditional time comparing. This clock can provide precise time for automatic device of electric system such as PC malfunction to record wave and event.
This thesis starts from how to implement the clock synchronization, on the base of studies of existing network synchronization protocols, and develops an embedded network synchronization clock based on NTP, implementing the function of network time synchronization in LAN using NTP.
Specifically, this thesis includes the following aspects:
This thesis has lucubrated existing network clock protocols, mainly analyzing the NTP protocols’working principles and message format, combining the practice of electric system, putting forward the time comparing precision of this design.
This thesis has proposed a designing schema of embedded network synchronization clock based on NTP, having done the entire development of hardware and software system. The system is based on the core of Rabbit 2000 micro processor, and implementing the NTP network time synchronization function, providing pulse time comparing signal and serial-port time comparing signal. The software is developed using Dynamic C. Bring forward a scheme that can identify a time less than a second, and then we can get the exact time when the NTP synchronous messages arrive at the node and leave.
This thesis has used Delphi to write the client time comparing program to test the embedded NTP network synchronization clock, the test results indicate that the network clock of this paper has high precision, convenient to use, and has great value in practice.
引文
[1]张鹏,程时杰.基于GPS的电力系统同步时间服务系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005
[2]雷震,魏丰.IRIG-B格式时间码在GPS同步时钟卡中的应用.现代电子技术, 2004, 27(5):75～76, 79
[3] Symmetricom CO., LTD. Model NTS-200,High-Performance Network Time Server, Nov 2005
[4]惠卫华.网络时间协议的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:中国科学院国家授时中心图书馆,2002
[5] Mills D L. Algorithms for synchronizing network clocks. DARPA Network Working Group Report RFC-956, M/A-COM Linkabit, Sep 1985
[6] Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Internet Control Message Protocol. DARPA Network Working Group Report RFC-792, USC Information Sciences Institute, Sep 1981
[7] Postel J. Time Protocol,DARPA Network Working Group Report RFC-868, USC Information Sciences Institute,May 1983
[8] David L. Mills.Network Time Protocol (Version 3) Specification, Implementation and Analysis-RFC 1305.Mar 1992
[9]陈敏.基于NTP协议的网络时钟同步系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005
[10]赵龙.基于NTP协议的网络授时研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:辽宁工程技术大学图书馆,2005
[11]张红亮.分布式系统时钟同步技术的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:国防科学技术大学图书馆,2002
[12]张妍,孙鹤旭,林涛.IEEE 1588在实时工业以太网中的应用.微计算机信息,2005,6
[13]黄水云,冯玉光.IEEE 1588精密时钟同步分析.国外电子测量技术,2005,9
[14]姜团彩.网络时间协议的基本原理及其在校园网络的应用.龙岩师专学报,2004,6.
[15]张红,王志强,陈前斌等.NTP协议及其在电信网络中的应用.计算机应用,2004,6.
[16]费振豪.基于NTP的地铁综合监控系统时钟同步技术的研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:西南交通大学图书馆,2004
[17]宋妍,朱爽.基于NTP的网络时间服务系统的研究.计算机工程与应用,2003,36.
[18]何全民,高小林.QNX4系统下网络时钟同步方案的实现.沈阳电力高等专科学校学报,2004,7.
[19] David L.Mills.Long-rang.Dependency Effects in Network Timekeeping.Aug 2004
[20]许永毅.网络时钟同步中频率调节算法的优化:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:复旦大学图书馆,2004
[21]包秀国,胡铭曾,张宏莉等.一种自组织时钟同步网.通信学报,2004,1.
[22]钱灿. NTP时钟同步系统及一种平台无关实现方案:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:电子科技大学图书馆,2005
[23]周书民,刘玲.网络环境中的时钟同步.计算机与现代化,2003,2.
[24]徐斌斌.网络时间协议自动配置机制及相关问题的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:北京工业大学图书馆,2004
[25]孙娜,熊伟,丁宇征.时钟同步的研究与应用.计算机工程与应用,2003,27
[26] RABBIT SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO.,LTD.Rabbit 2000TM Microprocessor Designer’s Handbook, 1999.
[27]刘立月,王更生,魏永丰.分布式系统时钟同步设计与实现.计算机工程,2006,1
[28]刘浩.GPS及其在电力系统中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:东南大学图书馆,2002
[29] Trimble Navigation CO.,LTD.LassenTM iQ GPS Receiver System Designer Reference Manual, 2005.
[30]谭姝.基于RCM2200实现GPS定位数据的网络传输与数据处理:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:南京航空航天大学图书馆,2002
[31]刘浩,蔡月明,郑建勇.基于DS80C320的GPS卫星同步时钟.电力自动化设备,2001,9.
[32]胡士毅.嵌入式Internet技术在以太网远程抄表中的应用:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2003.
[33] REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO.,LTD.RTL8019 Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function(RealPNP), Apr 1998.
[34] Z-word. Rabbit 2000 User Manual, 1999.
[35] Z-World. Dynamic C Premier for Rabbit Semiconductor Microprocessors (Integrated C Development System User’s Manual) [Z].1999.
[36] Z-word. Dynamic C Function Reference, 1999.
[37] Z-word. Dynamic C User’s Manual, 1999.
[38]张晓华,陈宏钧,孟凡伟.基于Rabbit 2000的嵌入式测控系统.测控技术,2002,21
[39] Z-word. Rabbit 2000 Development Kit, 1999.
[40] Z-word. Rabbit 2000 Instruction Reference, 1999.
[41] David L. Mills. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol -RFC 2131.Mar 1992
[42] Internet Protocols. Motivation of Internetworking.Feb 2004
[2]雷震,魏丰.IRIG-B格式时间码在GPS同步时钟卡中的应用.现代电子技术, 2004, 27(5):75～76, 79
[3] Symmetricom CO., LTD. Model NTS-200,High-Performance Network Time Server, Nov 2005
[4]惠卫华.网络时间协议的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:中国科学院国家授时中心图书馆,2002
[5] Mills D L. Algorithms for synchronizing network clocks. DARPA Network Working Group Report RFC-956, M/A-COM Linkabit, Sep 1985
[6] Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Internet Control Message Protocol. DARPA Network Working Group Report RFC-792, USC Information Sciences Institute, Sep 1981
[7] Postel J. Time Protocol,DARPA Network Working Group Report RFC-868, USC Information Sciences Institute,May 1983
[8] David L. Mills.Network Time Protocol (Version 3) Specification, Implementation and Analysis-RFC 1305.Mar 1992
[9]陈敏.基于NTP协议的网络时钟同步系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005
[10]赵龙.基于NTP协议的网络授时研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:辽宁工程技术大学图书馆,2005
[11]张红亮.分布式系统时钟同步技术的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:国防科学技术大学图书馆,2002
[12]张妍,孙鹤旭,林涛.IEEE 1588在实时工业以太网中的应用.微计算机信息,2005,6
[13]黄水云,冯玉光.IEEE 1588精密时钟同步分析.国外电子测量技术,2005,9
[14]姜团彩.网络时间协议的基本原理及其在校园网络的应用.龙岩师专学报,2004,6.
[15]张红,王志强,陈前斌等.NTP协议及其在电信网络中的应用.计算机应用,2004,6.
[16]费振豪.基于NTP的地铁综合监控系统时钟同步技术的研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:西南交通大学图书馆,2004
[17]宋妍,朱爽.基于NTP的网络时间服务系统的研究.计算机工程与应用,2003,36.
[18]何全民,高小林.QNX4系统下网络时钟同步方案的实现.沈阳电力高等专科学校学报,2004,7.
[19] David L.Mills.Long-rang.Dependency Effects in Network Timekeeping.Aug 2004
[20]许永毅.网络时钟同步中频率调节算法的优化:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:复旦大学图书馆,2004
[21]包秀国,胡铭曾,张宏莉等.一种自组织时钟同步网.通信学报,2004,1.
[22]钱灿. NTP时钟同步系统及一种平台无关实现方案:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:电子科技大学图书馆,2005
[23]周书民,刘玲.网络环境中的时钟同步.计算机与现代化,2003,2.
[24]徐斌斌.网络时间协议自动配置机制及相关问题的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:北京工业大学图书馆,2004
[25]孙娜,熊伟,丁宇征.时钟同步的研究与应用.计算机工程与应用,2003,27
[26] RABBIT SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO.,LTD.Rabbit 2000TM Microprocessor Designer’s Handbook, 1999.
[27]刘立月,王更生,魏永丰.分布式系统时钟同步设计与实现.计算机工程,2006,1
[28]刘浩.GPS及其在电力系统中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:东南大学图书馆,2002
[29] Trimble Navigation CO.,LTD.LassenTM iQ GPS Receiver System Designer Reference Manual, 2005.
[30]谭姝.基于RCM2200实现GPS定位数据的网络传输与数据处理:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:南京航空航天大学图书馆,2002
[31]刘浩,蔡月明,郑建勇.基于DS80C320的GPS卫星同步时钟.电力自动化设备,2001,9.
[32]胡士毅.嵌入式Internet技术在以太网远程抄表中的应用:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2003.
[33] REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO.,LTD.RTL8019 Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function(RealPNP), Apr 1998.
[34] Z-word. Rabbit 2000 User Manual, 1999.
[35] Z-World. Dynamic C Premier for Rabbit Semiconductor Microprocessors (Integrated C Development System User’s Manual) [Z].1999.
[36] Z-word. Dynamic C Function Reference, 1999.
[37] Z-word. Dynamic C User’s Manual, 1999.
[38]张晓华,陈宏钧,孟凡伟.基于Rabbit 2000的嵌入式测控系统.测控技术,2002,21
[39] Z-word. Rabbit 2000 Development Kit, 1999.
[40] Z-word. Rabbit 2000 Instruction Reference, 1999.
[41] David L. Mills. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol -RFC 2131.Mar 1992
[42] Internet Protocols. Motivation of Internetworking.Feb 2004