基于soap/web service技术的分布式系统应用研究
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摘要
分布式计算技术是实现分布式系统的关键。目前虽然有着多种著名的分布式计算解决方案可以选择，但它们都有着很大的缺陷：它们都不适合在Internet的松耦合环境下进行系统的设计开发工作，也没有真正意义上完整的异构平台中不同应用程序之间进行远程通讯的解决方案。随着目前企业间互动的增大，如何实现Internet上各种应用系统的集成、实现B2B应用，已经成为了构建分布式应用系统的最大需求。而刚刚兴起的SOAP和Web Service技术可以轻松克服传统分布式计算解决方案的缺陷，实现Web服务的无缝集成，从而架构出新一代的分布式应用系统。
本文首先通过对目前各种流行的方案进的分析和对比，深入地分析了SOAP和Web Service技术的细节和其优势，并探讨了如何用这些技术去进行新型的分布式应用设计开发。然后构建了一个基于SOAP／Web Service新型技术框架的服务管理系统。在系统中，服务器端以Web Service的形式实现系统的主要功能，用Perl语言开发并部署在Linux环境下；客户端用Java语言开发，通过SOAP来调用服务器端功能，运行在WinNT平台下，实现了异构操作系统中不同应用程序的相互沟通，该系统的体系结构不但克服了传统方案的缺陷并更具开放性。
结合服务管理系统的设计与实现，本文探讨了使用SOAP／Web Service实现分布式应用的解决方案，对Web Service开发环境的搭建，系统的设计思想、方法和开发的步骤等都作了详细的讨论。最后，本人还用自己开发的两个实例来阐述了在Internet上的Web Service开发技术，实现了在Internet上的Web Service调用并探讨了结合WSDL技术后的Web Service开发模式。
Distributed computing technology is the key of Distributed System Implement Now although various solutions of distributed computing can be choose, they have common Limitation: they are not fit for development of application in Internet which is a loose-coupling environment There is no indeed solution that can realize the remote information exchange and communication between different applications on the different platform. Along with the increasing of cooperation between enterprises, how to realize integration of various applications in Internet and realize B2B businesses have already become the biggest demand of creating disturbed system. SOAP and Web. Service which are just springing up can easily overcome the limitations of traditional distribute computing solutions, integrate web services in Internet without seem and construct a new generation distribute system.
We analyze the shortcomings of existing distributed computing technology, study SOAP and Web Service technology and their advantages, and discuss how to develop distributed system with these technologies. Then we construct a Service Management system that is based on SOAP/Web service. In system, we develop server functions using peri programs as web services and deployed it in Linux platform; we develop client using Java language and run it in Winnt platform, realize communication of different application in different platform with SOAP.
According to the design and implementation of the system, this paper introduce the environment setting for web service, system's design, method and steps. At the end, with two instances developed by author, we expound the development technologies of Web Service in Internet, realize invoke web service on the Memet and introduce development mode of Web Service combining WSDL.
本文首先通过对目前各种流行的方案进的分析和对比，深入地分析了SOAP和Web Service技术的细节和其优势，并探讨了如何用这些技术去进行新型的分布式应用设计开发。然后构建了一个基于SOAP／Web Service新型技术框架的服务管理系统。在系统中，服务器端以Web Service的形式实现系统的主要功能，用Perl语言开发并部署在Linux环境下；客户端用Java语言开发，通过SOAP来调用服务器端功能，运行在WinNT平台下，实现了异构操作系统中不同应用程序的相互沟通，该系统的体系结构不但克服了传统方案的缺陷并更具开放性。
结合服务管理系统的设计与实现，本文探讨了使用SOAP／Web Service实现分布式应用的解决方案，对Web Service开发环境的搭建，系统的设计思想、方法和开发的步骤等都作了详细的讨论。最后，本人还用自己开发的两个实例来阐述了在Internet上的Web Service开发技术，实现了在Internet上的Web Service调用并探讨了结合WSDL技术后的Web Service开发模式。
Distributed computing technology is the key of Distributed System Implement Now although various solutions of distributed computing can be choose, they have common Limitation: they are not fit for development of application in Internet which is a loose-coupling environment There is no indeed solution that can realize the remote information exchange and communication between different applications on the different platform. Along with the increasing of cooperation between enterprises, how to realize integration of various applications in Internet and realize B2B businesses have already become the biggest demand of creating disturbed system. SOAP and Web. Service which are just springing up can easily overcome the limitations of traditional distribute computing solutions, integrate web services in Internet without seem and construct a new generation distribute system.
We analyze the shortcomings of existing distributed computing technology, study SOAP and Web Service technology and their advantages, and discuss how to develop distributed system with these technologies. Then we construct a Service Management system that is based on SOAP/Web service. In system, we develop server functions using peri programs as web services and deployed it in Linux platform; we develop client using Java language and run it in Winnt platform, realize communication of different application in different platform with SOAP.
According to the design and implementation of the system, this paper introduce the environment setting for web service, system's design, method and steps. At the end, with two instances developed by author, we expound the development technologies of Web Service in Internet, realize invoke web service on the Memet and introduce development mode of Web Service combining WSDL.
引文
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[2] 余枝强，薛云皎，王春森。网络服务与简单对象访问协议。计算机工程与设计。2002，23(3)：30—34。
[3] 张文斌，陈恩红。基于SOAP协议实现系统互联。计算机应用。2002．5(5)：54-55。
[4] 邓詈，曾文华。SOAP的原理及实现。杭州电子工业学院学报。2002．6(3)：19-23。
[5] 王春樵。面向服务的架构—分布式网络应用的方向。广东通信技术。2002，22(1)：p40-44。
[6] 马琳。CORBA/IIOP与XML结合的设想。计算机应用研究。2000，9：p70-71。
[7] 钟玲，彭莆阳。基于CORBA的分布式应用开发。计算机工程与应用。1998，18(9)：p5-8。
[8] 韩茜，刘旭东。基于SOAP/CORBA的分布式对象调用机制的研究与设计。中国XML2000技术研讨会论文集。电子工业出版社，2001。
[9] 郑雪，徐亚娟。中间件概念、分类与应用。微型电脑应用，1999，3。
[10] 杨茂江，孙星明，朱建秋等。基于CORBA—WEB的分布式应用系统开发策略。计算机工程与应用，2000，2：p21-23。
[11] 赵欣，谢立。使用Java RMI实现动态Web服务。计算机工程，1998，24(12)：p23-26。
[12] 夏阳，殷兆麟。利用RMI实现分布式应用。计算机应用，2000，3：p49-51。
[13] 王静，傅秀芬，杨俊超，申建芳．基于XML/CORBA技术的电子商务应用．微型机与应用．2002，4：P44-46
[14] Fu Xiufen, Wang Jing, Lu Yansheng, Shen Jianfang, Yang Junchao ,Research of New Web Application Skeleton Based on XML/CORBA, Proceedings of the international Symposium on Future Software Technology, Oct.
2002:199-204.
[15] O'Connell P, McCrindle R. Using SOAP to clean up configuration management. Proceedings-IEEE Computer Society's International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2001.
[16] Ben Shaul Israel, Gish. James.W, Robinson. William. Integrated network component architecture, IEEE Software, 1998.5(15):79-87.
[17] Zhang B, Ding K, Li j. An XML-message based architecture description language and architectural mismatch checking, Proceedings- IEEE C Computer Society's International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2001.
[18] Astley. Mark, Agha. Gul.A. Customization and composition of distributed objects:Middleware abstractions for policy management. Proceedings - The 1998 ACM SIGSOFT 6th International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering, 1998:p1-9.
[19] Ye Lan, Luo Yong, Nagata Motoyasu. XML based message queuing. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference Conference on System, Man and Cybernetics. 2000:p2034-2039.
[20] Condie SJT. Distributed computing, tomorrow's panacea- an introduction to curren technology. Bt Technol J. 1999.2(17):p13-23.
[21] Mary Kirtland, Microsoft Developer Network. A platform for Web Service. January 2001.
[22] SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol Specification 1.1, IBM, Microsoft, DevelopMentor, 2000. http://www.w3c.org/TR/SOAP/
[23] SOAP 1.2 Specification: http ://www. w3.org/TR/2001/WD-soap12-part1-20011002/
[24] Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition), W3C, 6 Oct 2000. http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
[25] XML Schema Part 0: Primer, W3C, 16Apr 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0/
[26] XML Schema Part 1: Structures, W3C, 16Apr 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/
[27] XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, W3C, 16Apr 2001. http://www. w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/
[28] UDDI Executive White Paper. September 2000. http://www.uddi.org.
[29] UDDI Technical White Paper, Ariba Inc., IBM Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, 6 Sep 2000. http://www.uddi.org/pubs/Iru UDDI Technical White Paper. pdf
[30] The Evolution of UDDI, UDDI.org White Paper. 2002.7. http://www. uddi.org/pubs/the evolution of uddi 20020719.pdf.
[31] Why UDDI Will Succeed, Quietly:. Two Factors Push Web Services Forward. April 2001. http://www.stencilgroup.com/ideas scope 200104uddi.html
[32] Francisco Curbera(IBM), David Ehnebuske(IBM), Dan Rogers(Microsoft). Using WSDL in a UDDI Registry, Version 1.08. 2002.11. http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/uddi-spec/doc/bp/uddi-spec-tc-bp-using-wsdl-v108-20021110.pdf
[33] Prof. Dr. Frank Leymann, Web Services Flow Language (WSFL) Version 1.0. May 2001. http://www-3.ibm, com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/WSFL.pdf
[34] Web Service Description Language (WSDL) 1.0, IBM, 25 Sep 2000. http://www-106.ibm. com/developerWorks/web/library/w-wsdl.html?dwzone=web
[35] Don box. A Young Person's Guide to The Simple Object Access Protocol:SOAP Increases Interoperability Across Platforms and Languages. March 2000. http://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/0300/soap/default.aspx
[36] Heather Krege, IBM Software Grou. Web Services Conceptual Architecture (WSCA 1.0) Part Ⅰ- part Ⅳ. 2001.5-2002.4 http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsca/part 1/inde x.shtml
[37] Donald F. Ferguson. Web Services Architecture: Direction and Position Paper. April 11-12, 2001. http://www.w3.org/2001/03/WSWS-popa/paper44
[38] Peter Brittenham, Doug Davis. Web Services Development Concepts(WSDC
2.0). February 2003. ftp://ftp.software. ibm.com/software/websphere/webservices/wsdc03.pdf
[39] Web Services Activity. http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/
[40] Lawrence Wilkes. Web Services - Right Here, Right Now. http://www-3.ibm.com/soflware/solutions/webservices/pdf/cbdi.pdf
[41] James Snell. Securing Web services..May 2002. http://www-3.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/wp securingws.pdf
[42] IBM WebSphere Business Integrator. 2001.5.11. http://www-3.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/WSBI.pdf
[43] Peter Lambros, Marc-Thomas Schmidt and Claudia Zentner. Combine business process management technology and business services to implement complex Web services. May 2001. http://www-3.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/BPM.pdf
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