基于ArcGIS Server平台的WebGIS台风预报系统应用研究
摘要
台风是世界上破坏性极大的自然灾害之一。中国所处的西北太平洋地区是台风发生最频繁的地区,同时中国是世界上遭受台风影响最严重的国家之一。随着科学技术的发展,研究台风、获取数据的手段的增强,使得台风数据迅速增加,于是要求以一种高效的手段来管理、分析、检索和共享台风数据。
WebGIS是Internet与GIS结合的产物。它不但具有GIS的数据采集、管理、分析等功能,还具有Internet信息发布和共享的特点。它是目前GIS发展的趋势之一。随着GIS在各领域应用的深入,WebGIS的应用也越来越广泛,这证明WebGIS是一种高效的数据管理和分析手段。因此,WebGIS为台风数据的检索与共享提供了新的方法。本文将研究如何使用WebGIS为台风信息检索提供服务。
通过对台风预报系统和WebGIS技术结合的发展现状的深入了解,结合实际研究分析构建台风预报系统的数据组、支撑技术、研发过程等,确定了合适的系统平台、功能模块、网络拓扑结构等,选择ArcGIS Server作为开发平台,结合Microsoft的新一代发工具Visual Studio.Net2005,利用ASP.NET技术进行开发。
论文开展了基于ArcGIS Server开发台风预报系统的研究,完成了系统总体结构、系统Web模型、台风预报系统空间数据库、平台构架、功能模块等的设计。客户端子系统实现了电子地图的网上实施,工作人员可以通过Web浏览器实现地图的基本操作、台风预报系统的图文互查和其他相关的GIS基本功能。
论文的研究成果在于基于ArcGIS Server提出了一种构建空间Web服务的解决方案并构建了原型系统,从而解决了传统WebGIS所面临的问题,详细解析了ArcGIS Server的Ajax技术框架,并将Ajax技术应用于ArcGIS Server取得了良好的用户体验。
Typhoon is one of the most destructive disasters in nature.China is located in the area of Northwest Pacific Ocean,which has the most frequent occurrence of typhoon. Meanwhile,China is one of the most seriously disastrous countries suffering from typhoon.With the development of science and technology,the method for studying typhoon and acquiring data is improved,which leads to a dramatic increase in the data of typhoons.So we are eager to seek a better way to manage,analyze,retrieve and share the data.
WebGIS is the union product of Internet and GIS.It not only has the functions of GIS,but also the characteristics of Internet.It is one of the tendencies of GIS.With the extensive applications of GIS in various fields,WebGIS becomes widespread,It proves WebGIS is a highly effective approach of data management and analysis Therefore,WebGIS will provide a new method for the retrieval and sharing of typhoon data.This paper studies how to utilize WebGIS to provide the service for information retrieval of typhoon. By means of a thorough study of status in quo of system based on WebGIS for Typhoon Forecast System combined with an analysis of the data organization, supporting techniques and research procedure that relate to the system,the paper fixes on proper system platform,functional modules and meshwork topology.The paper chooses ArcGIS Server as development platform in combination with Visual Studio.NET,a new generation compiler launched by.Microsoft corporation which provides integrated development environment(IDE)for its users,and adopts the technique of ASENET.
An in-depth study is made in this paper on the establishment to the graphics——aided system for Typhoon Forecast System based on ArcGIS Server. The design of skeletal system,web model,database system,platform establishment and functional module are completed.The client subsystem preliminarily realizes the issuance of digital maps and the staff can perform som~ basic manipulation on maps via the browser,for instance construction land information query between graphical features attribute tables and other interrelated functions.The system implements following spatial analysis functions:basic farmland analysis,construction land conflict analysis,buffer analysis and so on.It is of great practical value.
The outcomes of our research:first,a solution for structuring Spatial Web Service based on ArcGIS Server is established.Secondly,an original system was designed to give answer to problems confronted by traditional WebGIS.Moreover, the paper illustrated specifically the technique frame of ArcGIS Server and then applied Ajax into it.Feedback from our users has shown that the framework functioned excellently.
WebGIS是Internet与GIS结合的产物。它不但具有GIS的数据采集、管理、分析等功能,还具有Internet信息发布和共享的特点。它是目前GIS发展的趋势之一。随着GIS在各领域应用的深入,WebGIS的应用也越来越广泛,这证明WebGIS是一种高效的数据管理和分析手段。因此,WebGIS为台风数据的检索与共享提供了新的方法。本文将研究如何使用WebGIS为台风信息检索提供服务。
通过对台风预报系统和WebGIS技术结合的发展现状的深入了解,结合实际研究分析构建台风预报系统的数据组、支撑技术、研发过程等,确定了合适的系统平台、功能模块、网络拓扑结构等,选择ArcGIS Server作为开发平台,结合Microsoft的新一代发工具Visual Studio.Net2005,利用ASP.NET技术进行开发。
论文开展了基于ArcGIS Server开发台风预报系统的研究,完成了系统总体结构、系统Web模型、台风预报系统空间数据库、平台构架、功能模块等的设计。客户端子系统实现了电子地图的网上实施,工作人员可以通过Web浏览器实现地图的基本操作、台风预报系统的图文互查和其他相关的GIS基本功能。
论文的研究成果在于基于ArcGIS Server提出了一种构建空间Web服务的解决方案并构建了原型系统,从而解决了传统WebGIS所面临的问题,详细解析了ArcGIS Server的Ajax技术框架,并将Ajax技术应用于ArcGIS Server取得了良好的用户体验。
Typhoon is one of the most destructive disasters in nature.China is located in the area of Northwest Pacific Ocean,which has the most frequent occurrence of typhoon. Meanwhile,China is one of the most seriously disastrous countries suffering from typhoon.With the development of science and technology,the method for studying typhoon and acquiring data is improved,which leads to a dramatic increase in the data of typhoons.So we are eager to seek a better way to manage,analyze,retrieve and share the data.
WebGIS is the union product of Internet and GIS.It not only has the functions of GIS,but also the characteristics of Internet.It is one of the tendencies of GIS.With the extensive applications of GIS in various fields,WebGIS becomes widespread,It proves WebGIS is a highly effective approach of data management and analysis Therefore,WebGIS will provide a new method for the retrieval and sharing of typhoon data.This paper studies how to utilize WebGIS to provide the service for information retrieval of typhoon. By means of a thorough study of status in quo of system based on WebGIS for Typhoon Forecast System combined with an analysis of the data organization, supporting techniques and research procedure that relate to the system,the paper fixes on proper system platform,functional modules and meshwork topology.The paper chooses ArcGIS Server as development platform in combination with Visual Studio.NET,a new generation compiler launched by.Microsoft corporation which provides integrated development environment(IDE)for its users,and adopts the technique of ASENET.
An in-depth study is made in this paper on the establishment to the graphics——aided system for Typhoon Forecast System based on ArcGIS Server. The design of skeletal system,web model,database system,platform establishment and functional module are completed.The client subsystem preliminarily realizes the issuance of digital maps and the staff can perform som~ basic manipulation on maps via the browser,for instance construction land information query between graphical features attribute tables and other interrelated functions.The system implements following spatial analysis functions:basic farmland analysis,construction land conflict analysis,buffer analysis and so on.It is of great practical value.
The outcomes of our research:first,a solution for structuring Spatial Web Service based on ArcGIS Server is established.Secondly,an original system was designed to give answer to problems confronted by traditional WebGIS.Moreover, the paper illustrated specifically the technique frame of ArcGIS Server and then applied Ajax into it.Feedback from our users has shown that the framework functioned excellently.
引文
[1]刘吉夫,张福平,杨雪超.WebGIS及其应用.江西气象科技,2003,1(1):16-17
[2]吴信才.Map GIS地理信息系统.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[3]李严满.地理信息可视化查询初步研究.南京大学学报,1999
[4]当安荣,吴宏岐,王新庄.论地理信息系统及发展机理与发展趋势.陕西师范大学学报自然科学版,1996,24(3):100-103
[5]陆守一,唐小明,王国胜.地理信息系统实用教程.北京:中国林业出版社,1998
[6]刘润达,李爽,卢鹤立.Web2.0及其对互联网的影响.IT论坛[J],2006.8:57-60
[7]田国良.国产GIS应用示范工程冲国图像图形学报(应用版)[J],2001,6:9-10
[8]A.K.Ziliaskopoulos and S.T.Waller.An internet-based geographic information system that integrates data,models and users for transportation applications.Transportation Research 8Part C(2000),pp.427-444.
[9]M.Theseira,Using Internet GIS technology for sharing health and health related data for the West Midlands Region.Health Place 8(1).March 2002.Pages 37-46
[10]V.Mathiyalagana,S.Grunwaldb,K.R.Reddyb and S.A.Bloom.A WebGIS and geodatabase for Florida's wetlands.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture.47(1),April 2005,Pages 69-75
[11]吴顺辉,蒋成爱,戴军等.WebGIS在广东省土壤资源信息系统的应用.华南农业大学学报(自然科学版)[J],2002.2:15-17
[12]秦春.浅析基于WebGIS的防范抢险信息系统.水利信息化,2002,6:10-12
[13]刘仁义,刘南。基于互联网GIS的环境灾害信息系统研究.自然灾害学报[J],2002.11:14-19
[14]王战友,梁裕明.基于Web的台风路径信息管理系统开发技术要点.人民珠江,2004.3
[15]池毓榕.利用WebGIS实现台风路径信息的管理.水利科技[J],2006.01
[16]郑晓阳,高芳琴.基于WebGIS的台风信息服务系统研究.上海水务[J],2006.01
[17]沈百玲.ArcGIS Server体系机构和开发简介.北京:ESRI中国(北京)有限公司,2004
[18]Esri.ESRI.Developer Help For ArcGIS v9.2.USA:ESRI,2006
[19]ESRI.ArcGIS 9.2系列产品介绍.北京:ESRI中国(北京)有限公司,2006
[20]汪吴琦.基于ArcGIS Server的企业级GIS系统开发与应用.上海:华东师范大学,2007
[21]吴功和,从明日.基于ArcGIS Server的分布式GIS应用.测绘科学技术学报,2006
[22]陈立.基于Ajax的WebGIS研究毓实现.长沙:中南大学,2007
[23]ESRI.ESRI Developer Network[EB/OL].http://edn/esri.com/
[24]ESRI.ArcGIS Server Developers Guide.USA:ESRI,2006
[25]邬伦,张晶,赵伟.地理信息系统.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.04
[26]刘南,刘仁义.基于COM+的分布式WebGIS架构及实现方法.中国图像图形学报,2004.09
[27]陈爱军,李琦,徐光佑.数字地球建设中的地理空间信息分层共享模型.软件学报,2003.08
[28]Microsoft.What is the.NETFramework.http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframwork/
[29]Peng Z.An Internet-based GIS Data Access Systems.Journal of Urban Region Systems,1997.01
[30]郑加柱,吴兴龙,陈红华.基于MapXtreme信息系统的应用.现代测绘,2004.06
[31]徐少华,相生昌,李欣等.基于MapXtreme的WebGIS负载平衡服务器的设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2004.06
[32]边馥苓.地理信息系统原理和方法,北京:测绘出版社,1996
[33]宋关福,钟耳顺,王尔琪.WebGIS--基于Internet的地理信息系统.北京:测绘出版社,1997
[34]姜晓轶,蒋雪中,周云轩.基于Geodatabase的面向对象时空数据模型[J].计算机工程,2005,(31):2-29.
[35]唐中实,朱贤泽,饶顺斌.基于Ajax的Internet地图服务方法初探.测绘科学,2007,(32):156-159
[36]吴运超,王汶,牛铮,宋国君.Ajax在WebGIS中的应用.地理与地理信息科学,2007(23):43-46
[37]James EdwardsAdams Cameron.JavaScript精粹.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[38]杨云,王毅.ASP NET 2.0程序开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[39]SmacchiaPatrick.C#和NET 2.0实战.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008:648-649
[40]BakerBryan.Using Asp.Net Ajax with the Web ADF[DB/OL].http://serverx.esri.com/ESRIBlogs/bolgs/arcgisserver/archieve/2007/04/02/Using-Asp.Net-A jax-with-the-web-ADEaspx,2007
[41]张志强,张志刚,黄军勤.一种基于Web Service体系架构[J].天津理工学院学报,2007,19(2):92-95
[42]李歆.GMLWeb Service在空间信息网络发布中的应用.第四届海峡两岸GIS发展研讨会暨中国GIS协会第十届年会论文集,2006:483-487
[43]A,Meyer,许勇,齐宁译.CSS权威指南.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[44]Tchangho JK.Metadata for geo-spatial data sharing:A comparative analysis[J].Annals of Regional Science,1999,33(2)171-181
[45]Tao CV,Yuan S.Geoprocessing tools over the Internet[J].GIM International,2004,14(12):12-15
[46]DMorris,DGEvans.Modeling distributed and parallel computer system[J].Paralel Computing,1992,18:793-806
[47]卢亚辉,杨崇俊.基于Web Service的WebGIS系统的研究.计算机工程与应用,2003,25:153-156
[48]Jesse James Garrett.Ajax:A New Approach to Web Applications[EB/OL].http://www.adaptivepath.com/publications/essays/archives/000385.php
[49]Tang WSM,Selwook J,Robert.The development and impact of Web-based geographic information services[J].Map India 2003
[50]贾永华.基于Web Service的地图服务组件的设计和开发[J].地理空间信息2006(4):55-57
[51]邓红艳,武芳,王卓芋,刘薇薇.基于Web Service的空间信息服务研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,(27):4450-4452
[52]Open Geospatial Consortium.OpenGIS Web Service Common Implementation Specification,2006
[53]龚震宇.分布式空间信息服务开放互操纵模型及其应用研究.北京:铁道部科学研究院,2006
[2]吴信才.Map GIS地理信息系统.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[3]李严满.地理信息可视化查询初步研究.南京大学学报,1999
[4]当安荣,吴宏岐,王新庄.论地理信息系统及发展机理与发展趋势.陕西师范大学学报自然科学版,1996,24(3):100-103
[5]陆守一,唐小明,王国胜.地理信息系统实用教程.北京:中国林业出版社,1998
[6]刘润达,李爽,卢鹤立.Web2.0及其对互联网的影响.IT论坛[J],2006.8:57-60
[7]田国良.国产GIS应用示范工程冲国图像图形学报(应用版)[J],2001,6:9-10
[8]A.K.Ziliaskopoulos and S.T.Waller.An internet-based geographic information system that integrates data,models and users for transportation applications.Transportation Research 8Part C(2000),pp.427-444.
[9]M.Theseira,Using Internet GIS technology for sharing health and health related data for the West Midlands Region.Health Place 8(1).March 2002.Pages 37-46
[10]V.Mathiyalagana,S.Grunwaldb,K.R.Reddyb and S.A.Bloom.A WebGIS and geodatabase for Florida's wetlands.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture.47(1),April 2005,Pages 69-75
[11]吴顺辉,蒋成爱,戴军等.WebGIS在广东省土壤资源信息系统的应用.华南农业大学学报(自然科学版)[J],2002.2:15-17
[12]秦春.浅析基于WebGIS的防范抢险信息系统.水利信息化,2002,6:10-12
[13]刘仁义,刘南。基于互联网GIS的环境灾害信息系统研究.自然灾害学报[J],2002.11:14-19
[14]王战友,梁裕明.基于Web的台风路径信息管理系统开发技术要点.人民珠江,2004.3
[15]池毓榕.利用WebGIS实现台风路径信息的管理.水利科技[J],2006.01
[16]郑晓阳,高芳琴.基于WebGIS的台风信息服务系统研究.上海水务[J],2006.01
[17]沈百玲.ArcGIS Server体系机构和开发简介.北京:ESRI中国(北京)有限公司,2004
[18]Esri.ESRI.Developer Help For ArcGIS v9.2.USA:ESRI,2006
[19]ESRI.ArcGIS 9.2系列产品介绍.北京:ESRI中国(北京)有限公司,2006
[20]汪吴琦.基于ArcGIS Server的企业级GIS系统开发与应用.上海:华东师范大学,2007
[21]吴功和,从明日.基于ArcGIS Server的分布式GIS应用.测绘科学技术学报,2006
[22]陈立.基于Ajax的WebGIS研究毓实现.长沙:中南大学,2007
[23]ESRI.ESRI Developer Network[EB/OL].http://edn/esri.com/
[24]ESRI.ArcGIS Server Developers Guide.USA:ESRI,2006
[25]邬伦,张晶,赵伟.地理信息系统.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.04
[26]刘南,刘仁义.基于COM+的分布式WebGIS架构及实现方法.中国图像图形学报,2004.09
[27]陈爱军,李琦,徐光佑.数字地球建设中的地理空间信息分层共享模型.软件学报,2003.08
[28]Microsoft.What is the.NETFramework.http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframwork/
[29]Peng Z.An Internet-based GIS Data Access Systems.Journal of Urban Region Systems,1997.01
[30]郑加柱,吴兴龙,陈红华.基于MapXtreme信息系统的应用.现代测绘,2004.06
[31]徐少华,相生昌,李欣等.基于MapXtreme的WebGIS负载平衡服务器的设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2004.06
[32]边馥苓.地理信息系统原理和方法,北京:测绘出版社,1996
[33]宋关福,钟耳顺,王尔琪.WebGIS--基于Internet的地理信息系统.北京:测绘出版社,1997
[34]姜晓轶,蒋雪中,周云轩.基于Geodatabase的面向对象时空数据模型[J].计算机工程,2005,(31):2-29.
[35]唐中实,朱贤泽,饶顺斌.基于Ajax的Internet地图服务方法初探.测绘科学,2007,(32):156-159
[36]吴运超,王汶,牛铮,宋国君.Ajax在WebGIS中的应用.地理与地理信息科学,2007(23):43-46
[37]James EdwardsAdams Cameron.JavaScript精粹.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[38]杨云,王毅.ASP NET 2.0程序开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007
[39]SmacchiaPatrick.C#和NET 2.0实战.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008:648-649
[40]BakerBryan.Using Asp.Net Ajax with the Web ADF[DB/OL].http://serverx.esri.com/ESRIBlogs/bolgs/arcgisserver/archieve/2007/04/02/Using-Asp.Net-A jax-with-the-web-ADEaspx,2007
[41]张志强,张志刚,黄军勤.一种基于Web Service体系架构[J].天津理工学院学报,2007,19(2):92-95
[42]李歆.GMLWeb Service在空间信息网络发布中的应用.第四届海峡两岸GIS发展研讨会暨中国GIS协会第十届年会论文集,2006:483-487
[43]A,Meyer,许勇,齐宁译.CSS权威指南.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[44]Tchangho JK.Metadata for geo-spatial data sharing:A comparative analysis[J].Annals of Regional Science,1999,33(2)171-181
[45]Tao CV,Yuan S.Geoprocessing tools over the Internet[J].GIM International,2004,14(12):12-15
[46]DMorris,DGEvans.Modeling distributed and parallel computer system[J].Paralel Computing,1992,18:793-806
[47]卢亚辉,杨崇俊.基于Web Service的WebGIS系统的研究.计算机工程与应用,2003,25:153-156
[48]Jesse James Garrett.Ajax:A New Approach to Web Applications[EB/OL].http://www.adaptivepath.com/publications/essays/archives/000385.php
[49]Tang WSM,Selwook J,Robert.The development and impact of Web-based geographic information services[J].Map India 2003
[50]贾永华.基于Web Service的地图服务组件的设计和开发[J].地理空间信息2006(4):55-57
[51]邓红艳,武芳,王卓芋,刘薇薇.基于Web Service的空间信息服务研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,(27):4450-4452
[52]Open Geospatial Consortium.OpenGIS Web Service Common Implementation Specification,2006
[53]龚震宇.分布式空间信息服务开放互操纵模型及其应用研究.北京:铁道部科学研究院,2006