小波与分形技术在图像压缩方面的研究与应用
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摘要
图像压缩有其重要的意义,小波分析技术和分形技术凭借自身的种种优势,成为数据压缩领域中备受关注的技术,引起了许多研究者的兴趣,发展也很迅速,同时在通信领域、娱乐领域、计算机领域等各个领域得到了广泛的应用。
     本文首先介绍了图像压缩的研究意义以及图像压缩的基本原理和方法,并简单介绍了静态图像和动态图像的一些国际标准。
     然后本文主要对小波算法、分形算法进行了分析研究,在此基础上,提出了一种小波与分形结合的新算法方案,并通过实验证明了该算法方案的可行性和有效性。
     图像压缩的过程,包括变换、量化和编码。无论是采用小波技术,还是分形技术,在图像压缩中进行变换时,滤波器的选择是影响图像压缩质量的一个关键因素。选择滤波器时,人们一般考虑正交性、对称性、正则性、支撑集和消失矩阶数等滤波器本身的性质,却很少将他们与图像纹理特征、滤波器长度、压缩比等因素综合起来考虑。本文对多种常见滤波器,采用相同的自适应量化编码方法进行实验,研究并分析了选择滤波器时应该考虑的图像纹理、滤波器长度、压缩比等一些综合因素,有效解决了在小波图像压缩过程中,如何更好的选择滤波器的问题。
     小波分析技术应用广泛,在医学上同样也具有很好的应用价值。本文将小波图像压缩技术应用于医学影像的压缩,通过对医学上的X光和CT影像图进行压缩,证明该方法能够在不影响医学病理分析的基础对图像进行高压缩比的压缩,该方法得到了河北省三院有关专家的认可。
Image compression is very important, wavelet analysis and fractal technology have drawn many students' attention in the field of data compression because of many advantages. The two technologies develop fast, and have been applied in many fields, for example the field of communication, the field of enjoy and the field of computer.
    First, in this paper, we introduced the theory, method and the international standard about image compression.
    Second, in this paper, we also research the arithmetic of wavelet and fractal, at last give a method to synthesize the two technologies. Through experiments testify this method is feasible.
    Choice of filter in wavelet image compression is a critical factor which affects image compression quality. People often think about the filter's characters of orthogonal, symmetry, regularity, but seldom synthetically think about some factors such as image texture or compression rate. In this paper used the same adaptive arithmetic coder for many filters, analyzed the effect factors synthetically for the best wavelet compression, and give some methods for selecting filter.
    At last in this paper, we apply wavelet analysis in medicine. Through compressing the image of X ray and the CT show wavelet is a very good technology which can compress medicine-image in high ratio but not affect the analysis of pathology. This method were accept by expert of the Third Hospital in Heibei
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