复杂样品环境雌激素前处理技术及液相色谱分析方法研究
|
摘要
环境雌激素是广泛存在于环境中的内分泌干扰物,它们能够干扰人类和动物的内分泌系统,使人类和生物的持续生存与繁衍受到威胁。因此近年来,环境样品中雌激素的检测受到人们广泛的重视,研究和建立雌激素分析方法对于环境保护具有重要意义。
样品前处理技术是制约环境分析化学发展的瓶颈,随着科技的发展,高灵敏性、高选择性、简便、经济实用的分析新方法的研究日益受到重视。复杂环境样品如天然水体、底泥、生物样品等,常常具有基质复杂、去除困难等特点。本文利用两种样品前处理技术对不同环境样品中的环境雌激素进行分离萃取,并联用高效液相色谱对目标物进行定量检测。主要工作如下:
1、利用分散固相萃取技术对水生动物样品中的雌二醇、雌三醇、4-羟基雌二醇和2-甲氧基雌二醇等环境雌激素进行分离萃取,采用高效液相色谱进行定性定量分析。考察并优化了仪器的主要参数和实验条件。应用所建立的分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱法,实现了对实际样品中四种雌激素的测定,实验结果表明,本方法具有分离速度快、富集倍数大、回收率高、操作简便、成本低等优点,在环境水样及生物样品的环境雌激素的分析方面,具有很好的应用前景。
2、利用免疫磁颗粒的磁性和抗原抗体反应的专一性,对环境水样中的雌二醇进行分离萃取,并使用高效液相色谱方法来定量分析。对实验进行优化后,具有高灵敏度、专一性、快速并且重现性好的优点。对基质特别复杂的水样,可以先经过固相萃取,再采用本方法。结果表明,本方法对雌二醇有很好的萃取检测作用,可以代替传统的分析方法。
Environmental estrognes is a class of endocrine-disrupting compounds in environment.It may affect human and animals on their normal endocrines, which would pose a threat to the sustaind living and proliferation.For fast monitoring of the environmental estrogens,sensitive,rapid and simple analytical methods are necessary.
Pretreatment methods are restricting the development of environmental analytical chemistry.Along with the technological development,study on high sensitivity,high selectivity,simple and economical pretreatment methods are get more and more attention.Complex environmental samples,such as natural water,sediments and biological samples,often with complicated and varied matrix.The present paper used two pretreatrnent methods to extraction estrogens from different environmental samples,and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The main study is giving as follows:
1.The 17β-Estradiol(E2),estriol(E3) and their estrogen metabolites 4-hydroxyestradiol(4-OHE2) and 2-methoxyestradiol(2-MeOE2) in aquatic animal samples were pretreatment by dispersive solid-phase extraction (dispersive-SPE) and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).In this paper,the parameters of dispersive-SPE were investigated in details,and the optimal conditions of dispersive-SPE were obtained.Under the optimal conditions,the four estrogens were extracted and analyzed from aquatic animal samples by dispersive-SPE coupled HPLC.
2.A immunomagnetic beads(IMBs)-based immunoassay with HPLC analysis method with high sensitivity,specificity,rapidity,and reproducibility was proposed for the evaluation of E2 in water samples.The SPE process was successfully applied for the water sample pretreatment,which have complicated and varied matrix.And the method is promising to be a simple and effective method for the conventional analysis of E2 in clean water and other intricate matrixes.
样品前处理技术是制约环境分析化学发展的瓶颈,随着科技的发展,高灵敏性、高选择性、简便、经济实用的分析新方法的研究日益受到重视。复杂环境样品如天然水体、底泥、生物样品等,常常具有基质复杂、去除困难等特点。本文利用两种样品前处理技术对不同环境样品中的环境雌激素进行分离萃取,并联用高效液相色谱对目标物进行定量检测。主要工作如下:
1、利用分散固相萃取技术对水生动物样品中的雌二醇、雌三醇、4-羟基雌二醇和2-甲氧基雌二醇等环境雌激素进行分离萃取,采用高效液相色谱进行定性定量分析。考察并优化了仪器的主要参数和实验条件。应用所建立的分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱法,实现了对实际样品中四种雌激素的测定,实验结果表明,本方法具有分离速度快、富集倍数大、回收率高、操作简便、成本低等优点,在环境水样及生物样品的环境雌激素的分析方面,具有很好的应用前景。
2、利用免疫磁颗粒的磁性和抗原抗体反应的专一性,对环境水样中的雌二醇进行分离萃取,并使用高效液相色谱方法来定量分析。对实验进行优化后,具有高灵敏度、专一性、快速并且重现性好的优点。对基质特别复杂的水样,可以先经过固相萃取,再采用本方法。结果表明,本方法对雌二醇有很好的萃取检测作用,可以代替传统的分析方法。
Environmental estrognes is a class of endocrine-disrupting compounds in environment.It may affect human and animals on their normal endocrines, which would pose a threat to the sustaind living and proliferation.For fast monitoring of the environmental estrogens,sensitive,rapid and simple analytical methods are necessary.
Pretreatment methods are restricting the development of environmental analytical chemistry.Along with the technological development,study on high sensitivity,high selectivity,simple and economical pretreatment methods are get more and more attention.Complex environmental samples,such as natural water,sediments and biological samples,often with complicated and varied matrix.The present paper used two pretreatrnent methods to extraction estrogens from different environmental samples,and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The main study is giving as follows:
1.The 17β-Estradiol(E2),estriol(E3) and their estrogen metabolites 4-hydroxyestradiol(4-OHE2) and 2-methoxyestradiol(2-MeOE2) in aquatic animal samples were pretreatment by dispersive solid-phase extraction (dispersive-SPE) and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).In this paper,the parameters of dispersive-SPE were investigated in details,and the optimal conditions of dispersive-SPE were obtained.Under the optimal conditions,the four estrogens were extracted and analyzed from aquatic animal samples by dispersive-SPE coupled HPLC.
2.A immunomagnetic beads(IMBs)-based immunoassay with HPLC analysis method with high sensitivity,specificity,rapidity,and reproducibility was proposed for the evaluation of E2 in water samples.The SPE process was successfully applied for the water sample pretreatment,which have complicated and varied matrix.And the method is promising to be a simple and effective method for the conventional analysis of E2 in clean water and other intricate matrixes.
引文
[1]Kaviock R J.Overview of endocrine disruptor research activity in the United States[J].Chemosphere,1999,39(8):1227-1236
[2]Tapiero H,Nguyen Ba G,Tew K D.Estrogens and environmental estrogens[J].Biomed.Pharmacother.,2002,56(1):36-44
[3]蒋学之.环境雌激素对人类健康的潜在影响[J1.中国公共卫生,1997,13(4):251-252
[4]龙鼎新.环境雌激素的生殖和发育毒性研究进展[J].中国优生优育,2001,12(1):46-48
[5]魏慧斌,林金明.环境雌激素检测方法研究进展[J].生命科学仪器,2005,3(5):3-10
[6]邓南圣,吴峰.环境中的内分泌干扰物[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.49-50
[7]邱东茹,吴振斌.环境雌激素对动物和人体的影响及其作用机制[J].水生生物学报,1997,21(4):365-374
[8]Wang C C,Prasain J K.Barnes S.Review of the methods used in the determination of phytoestrogens[J].J.Chromatogr B.,2002,777(1-2):3-28
[9]赵泽文,常青,梁志清.环境雌激素对健康的影响[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(9):1724-1725
[10]杜克久,徐晓白.环境雌激素研究进展[J].科学通报,2000,45(21):2241-2251
[11]Baronti C,Curini R,D'Ascenzo G,et al.Monitoring natural and synthetic estrogens at activated sludge sewage treatment plants and in a receiving river water[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2000,34(24):5059-5066
[12]Temes T A,Stumpf M,Mueller J,et al.Behavior and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants-Ⅰ.Investigations in Germany,Canada and Brazil[J].Sci.Total Environ.,1999,225(1-2):81-90
[13]Hulka B S,Stark AT.Breast cancer:,cause and prevention[J].Lancet,1995,346(8979):883-887
[14]Sturgeon S R,Brock J W,Potischman N,et al.Serum concentrations of organochlorine compounds and endometrial cancer risk(United States).Cancer Cause.Contorl,1998,9(4):417-424
[15]Chilvers C,Pike M C,Forman D,et al.Apparent doubling of frequency of undescended testicles in England and Wales 1962-81[J].Lancet,1984,20:330-332
[16]Stone R.Environmental estrogens stir debate[J].Science,1994,265(5170):308-310
[17]Noppe H,Bizec B L,Verheyden K,et al.Novel analytical methods for the determination of steroid hormones in edible matrices[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2008,611(1):1-16
[18]夏星辉,杨居荣,许嘉琳.环境激素污染研究进展[J].上海环境科学,2001,20(2):56-59
[19]国家环境保护总局,国家环境保护“十一五”科技发展规划[EB/OL].http://www.sepa.gov.en/tech/ghzc/200607/t20060710_78307.html,2006.6.12
[20]Xu X,Roman J M,Issaq H J,et al.Quantitative measurement of endogenous estrogens and estrogen metabolites in human serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(20):7813-7821
[21]Xu X,Veenstra T D,Fox S D,et al.Measuring fifteen endogenous estrogens simultaneously in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2005,77(20):6646-6654
[22]Pozo O J,Eenoo P V,Thuyne W V,et al.Direct quantification of steroid glucuronides in human urine by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2008,1183(1-2):108-118
[23]Barri T,Bergstrm S,Norberg J,et al.Miniaturized and automated sample pretreatment for determination of pcbs in environmental aqueous samples using an on-line microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography system[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(7):1928-1934
[24]Basheer C,Obbard P J,Lee K H.Analysis of persistent organic pollutants in marine sediments using a novel microwave assisted solvent extraction and liquid-phase microextraction technique[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1068(2):221-228
[25]Rodriguez M S,de Alda M J L,Barcelo D.Picogram per liter level determination of estrogens in natural waters and waterworks by a fully automated on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(23):6998-7006
[26]Yan W,Zhao L X,Feng Q Z,et al.Simultaneous determination of ten estrogens and their metabolites in waters by improved two-step SPE followed by LC-MS[J].Chromatographia,2009,69(7/8):621-628
[27]Shao B,Zhao R,Meng J,et al.Simultaneous determination of residual hormonal chemicals in meat,kidney,liver tissues and milk by liquid ehromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2005,548(1-2):41-50
[28]Mao L S,Sun C J,Zhang H,et al.Determination of environmental estrogens in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography after fluorescent derivatization with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2004,522(2):241-246
[29]de Alda M J L,Barcelo D.Determination of steroid sex hormones and related synthetic compounds considered as endocrine disrupters in water by fully automated on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-diode array detection[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2001,911(2):203-210
[30]Fine D D,Breidenbach G P,Price T L,et al.Quantitation of estrogens in ground water and swine lagoon samples using solid-phase extraction,pentafluorobenzyl/trimethylsilyl derivatizations and gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2003,1017(1-2):167-185
[31]Aoki F,Nakagawa K,Tanaka A,et al.Determination of glabridin in human plasma by solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2005,828(1-2):70-74
[32]Beck I C,Bruhn R,Gandrass J,et al.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of estrogenic compounds in coastal surface water of the Baltic Sea[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005.1090(1-2):98-106
[33]Benijts T,Lambert W,de Leenheer A.Analysis of multiple endocrine disruptors in environmental waters via wide-spectrum solid-phase extraction and dual-polarity ionization LC-ion trap-MS/MS.Anal.Chem.,2004,76(3):704-711
[34]Prieto A G,Lunar L,Rubio S,et al.Hemimicelle-based solid-phase extraction of estrogens from environmental water samples[J].Analyst,2006,131(1-2):407-414
[35]Cai Y Q,Jiang G B,Liu J F,et al.Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as a Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent for the Determination of Bisphenol A,4-n-Nonylphenol,and 4-tert-Octylphenol[J].Anal.Chem.,2003,75(10):2517-2521
[36]Zhou Q X,Xiao J P,Wang W D.Using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid phase extraction adsorbents to determine dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites at trace level in water samples by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1125(2):152-158
[37]Chen L G,Ding L,Jin H Y,et al.The determination of organochlorine pesticides based on dynamic microwave-assisted extraction coupled with on-line solid-phase extraction of high-performance liquid chromatography[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2007,589(2):239-246
[38]Labadie P,Hill E M.Analysis of estrogens in river sediments by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry:Comparison of tandem mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1141(2):174-181
[39]Impens S,de Wasch K,Cornelis M,et al.Analysis on residues of estrogens,gestagens and androgens in kidney fat and meat with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2002,970(1-2):235-247
[40]Kuhnle G G C,Dell'Aquila C,Low Y L,et al.Extraction and quantification of phytoestrogeus in foods using automated solid-phase extraction and LC/MS/MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(23):9234-9239
[41]Ternes T A,Andersen H,Gilberg D,et al.Determination of estrogens in sludge and sediments by liquid extraction and GC/MS/MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2002,74(14):3498-3504
[42]Boyd B A A,Pawliszyn J B.Solid-phase microextraction of nitrogen-containing herbicides[J].J.Chromatogr.A,1995,704(1):163-172
[43]Mitani K,Fujioka M,Kataoka H.Fully automated analysis of estrogens in environmental waters by in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1081.(2):218-224
[44]Basheer C,Jayaraman A,Kee M K,et al.Polymer-coated hollow-fiber microextraction of estrogens in water samples with analysis by gas chromatography-mass speotrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1100(2):137-143
[45]Yang L H,Luan T G,Lan C Y.Solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber silylation for simultaneous determinations of endocrine disrupting chemicals and steroid hormones by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1104(1-2):23-32
[46]Wen Y,Zhou B S,Xu Y,et al.Analysis of estrogens in environmental waters using polymer monolith in-polyether ether ketone robe solid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1133(1-2):21-28
[47]Basheer C,Jegadesan S,Valiyaveettil S,et al.So-gel-coated oligomers as novel stationary phases for solid-phase microoxtraction[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1087(1-2):252-258
[48]Berijani S,Assadi Y,Anbia M,et al.Dispersive liquid-liquid mioroextraction combined with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection Very simple,rapid and sensitive method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1123(1):1-9
[49]Yazdi A S,Razavi N,Yazdinejad S R,Separation and determination of amitriptyline and nortriptyline by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography flame ionization detection[J].Talanta,2008,75(5):1293-1299
[50]Liang P,Xu J,Li Q,Application of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and highperformance liquid chromatography for the determination of three phthalate esters in water samples[J],Anal.Chim.Acta,2008,609(1):53-58
[51]Rezaee M,Assadi Y,Hosseini M R M,et al.Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1116(1-2):1-9
[52]Fattahi N,Samadi S,Assadi Y,er al.Solid-phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-uitra preconcentration of chlorophenols in aqueous samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1169(1-2):63-69
[53]Farahani H,Norouzi P,Dinarvand R,et al.Development of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as a simple,rapid and highly sensitive method for the determination of phthalate esters in water samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1172(2):105-112
[54]Nagaraju D,Huang S D.Determination of triazines in aqueous samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1161(1-2):89-97
[55]Chiang J S,Huang S D.Simultaneous derivatization and extraction of anilines in waste water with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detection[J].Talanta,2008,75(1):70-75
[56]蔡亚岐,牟世芬.分子印迹固相微萃取及其应用[J].分析测试学报,2005,24(5):116-121
[57]Wulff G.Enzyme-like catalysis by molecularly imprinted polymers[J],Chem.Rev.,2002,102(1):1-28
[58]Fujiwara M,Nishiyama M,Yamamura I,et al.A sol-gel method using acetic anhydride in the presence of cholesterol in organic solution media:Preparation of silicas that recognize steroid hormones[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(8):2374-2381
[59]Meng Z H,Chen W,Mulchandani A.Removal of estrogenic pollutants from contaminated water using molecularly imprinted polymers[J],Environ.Sci.Teclmol.,2005,39(22):8958-8962
[60]Masque N,Marce R M,Borrull F,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer for selective on-line solid-phase extraction of 4-nitrophenol from environmental water[J].Anal.Chem.,2000,72(17):4122-4126
[61]Kawaguchi M,Hayatsu Y,Nakata H,et al.Molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction using stable isotope labeled compounds as template and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for trace analysis of bisphenol A in water sample[J].Anal.China.Acta,2005,539(1-2):83-89
[62]Koeber R,Fleischer C,Lanza F,et al.Evaluation of a multidimensional solid-phase extraction platform for highly selective on-line cleanup and high-throughput LC-MS analysis of triazines in river water samples using molecularly imprinted polymers[J].Anal.Chem.,2001,73(11):2437-2444
[63]Chassaing C,Stokes J,Venn R F,et al.Molecularly imprinted polymers for the determination of a pharmaceutical development compound in plasma using 96-well MISPE technology[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2004,804(1):71-81
[64]马金余,陈波,姚守拙,等.己烯雌酚印迹分子聚合物合成及其在残留分析中的应用[J].分析化学,2005,33(10):1413-1416
[65]Le Noir M,Lepeuple A S,Guieysse B,et al.Selective removal of 17β-estradiol at trace concentration using a molecularly imprinted polymer[J].Water Res.,2007,41(12):2825-2831
[66]Jiang T H,Zhao L X,Chu B L,et al.Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for the selective determination of 17β-estradiol in fishery samples with high performance liquid chromatography[J].Talanta,2009,78(2):442-447
[67]Anastassiades M,Lehotay S J,Stajnbaher D,et al.Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction partitioning and "dispersive solid-phase extraction" for the determination of pesticide residues in produce[J].J.AOAC Int.,2003,86(2):412-430
[68]Diez C,Traag W A,Zommer P,et al.Comparison of an acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and "dispersive solid-phase extraction" method with classical multi-residue methods for the extraction of herbicide residues in barley samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1131(1-2):11-23
[69]Leandro C C,Hancock P,Fussell R J,et al.Comparison of ultra-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of priority pesticides in baby foods by tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1103(1):94-101
[70]Liu M,Hashi Y,Song Y Y,et al.Simultaneous determination of carbamate and organophosphorus pesticidee in fruits and vegetables by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1097(1-2):183-187
[71]Ji F,Zhao L X,Yan W,et al.Determination of triazines herbicides in fruits and vegetables using dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with LC-MS[J].J.Sep.Sci.,2008,31(6-7):961-968
[72]Liu L B,Hashi Y,Qin Y P,et al.Development of automated online gel permeation chromatography-gas chromatograph mass spectrometry for measuring multiresidual pesticides in agricultural products[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2007,845(1):61-68
[73]Posyniak A,Zmudzki J,Mitrowska K.Dispersive solid-phase extraction for the determination of sulfonamidea in chicken muscle by liquid chromatography[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1087(1-2):259-264
[74]Pl(o|¨)ssl F,Giera M,Bracher F.Multiresidue analytical method using dispersive solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry to determine pharmaceuticals in whole blood[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1135(1):19-26
[75]Fagerquist C K,Lightfield A R,Lehotay S J.Confirmatory and quantitative analysis of β-Lactam antibiotics in bovine kidney tissue by dispersive solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2005,77(5):1473-1482
[76]Kokko T,Kokko L,L(o|¨)vgren T,et al.Homogeneous noncompetitive immunoassay for 17β-estradiol based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(15):5935-5940
[77]Ferrer I,Hennion M C,Bareelo D.Immunosorbents coupled on-line,with liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass,spectrometry for the part per trillion level determination of pesticides in sediments and natural waters using low preconcentration volumes[J].Anal.Chem.,1997,69(22):4508-4514
[78]Sandra P,Ferrer I,Hennion M C,et al.Isolation of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from natural sediments and sludge reference materials by an anti-fluorene immunosorbent followed by liquid chromatography and diode array detection[J].Anal.Chem.,1998,70(23):4996-5001
[79]Ferguson P L,Charles R I,McElroy A E,et al.Determination of steroid estrogens in wastewater by immunoaffinity extraction coupled with HPLC-electrospray-MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2001,73(16):3890-3895
[80]Su P,Zhang X X,Chang W B.Development and application of a multi-target immunoaffinity column for the selective extraction of natural estrogens from pregnant women's urine samples by capillary electrophoresis[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2005,816(1-2):7-14
[81]Sanchez F G,Diaz A N,Herrera R G,et al.Development and characterisation of an immunoaffinity chromatographic column for the on-line determination of the pesticide triclopyr[J].Talanta,2007,71(3):1411-1416
[82]Nishiyama S,Goto A,Saito K,et al.Concentration of 17β-estradiol using an immunoaffinity porous hollow-fiber membrane[J].Anal.Chem.,2002,74(19):4933-4936
[83]李贵平,张辉,汪勇先.磁性纳米微粒在磁性分离技术中的应用进展(文献综述)[J].放射免疫学杂志,2005,18(5):380-383
[84]徐辉,张国亮,张凤宝.免疫磁性微球的研究进展[J].化学工业与工程,2003,20(1):27-32,58
[85]Zhao L X,Lin J M,Li Z J,et al.Development of a highly sensitive,second antibody format chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for the determination of 17β-estradiol in wastewater[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2006,558(1-2):290-295
[86]Xin T B,Liang S X,Wang X,et al.Determination of estradiol in human serum using magnetic particles-based chemiluminescence immunoassay[J].Anal.a Chim.Acta,2008,627(2):277-284
[87]肖小华,尹怡,胡玉玲,等.液相微萃取-高效液相色谱联用分析化妆品中痕量的雌激素[J].色谱,2007,25(2):234-237
[88]Hu Y L,Zheng Y J,Zhu F,et al.Sol-gel coated polydimethylsiloxane/β-cyclodextrin as novel stationary phase for stir bar sorptive extraction and its application to analysis of estrogens and bisphenol A[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1148(1):16-22
[89]Kawaguchi M,Ishii Y,Sakui N,et al.Stir bar sorptive extraction with in situ derivatization and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the multi-shot mode for determination of estrogens in river water samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2004,1049(1-2):1-8
[90]Wang L,Cai Y Q,He B,et al.Determination of estrogens in water by HPLC-UV using cloud point extraction[J].Talanta,2006,70(1):47-51
[91]Crescenzi C,Bayoudh S,Cormack P A G,et al.Determination of clenbuterol in bovine liver by combining matrix solid-phase dispersion and molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap multiple-stage mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2001,73(10):2171-2177
[92]Fine D D,Breidenbach G P,Price T L,et al.Quantitation of estrogens in ground water and swine lagoon samples using solid-phase extraction,pentafluorobenzyl/trimethylsilyl derivatizations and gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2003,1017(1-2):167-185
[93]赵进英,辛暨华,郭英娜,等.固相萃取富集.高效液相色谱法分离检测水中3种苯脲除草剂[J].分析化学,2004,32(7):939-942
[94]林奕芝,张世,梁伟,等.HPLC法同时测定肉与肉制品中五种雌激素残留量[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2002,12(4):411-412
[95]Tong P,Kasuga Y,Khoo C S.Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for detection of estrogen in commercial oils and in fruit seed oils[J].J.Food Compos.Anal.,2006,19(2-3):150-156
[96]常红,胡建英,邵兵,等.固相萃取-LC-MS法检测水中痕量雌激素[J].环境化学,2003,22(4):399-403
[97]Bacaloni A,Cavaliere C,Faberi A,et al.Determination of isoflavones and coumestrol in river water and domestic wastewater sewage treatment plants[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2005,531(2):229-237
[98]Beck I C,Brnhn R,Gandrass J,et al.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of estrogenic compounds in coastal surface water of the Baltic Sea[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1090(1-2):98-106
[99]Bueno M J M,Ag(u|¨)era A,Gomez M J,et al.Application of liquid chromatography-quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to the detemination of pharmaceuticals and related contaminants in wastewater[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(24):9372-9384
[100]Batt A L,Kostich M S,Lazorchak J M.Analysis of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals in wasterwater and surface water using selective solid-phase extraction and UPLC-MS-MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2008,80(13):5021-5030
[101]Lu B Y,Zhang Y,Wu X Q,et al.Separation and determination of diversiform phytosterols in food materials using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2007,588(1):50-63
[102]Zhao L X,Lin J M.Development of a micro-plate magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay(MMCLELA) for rapid- and high-throughput analysis of 17β-estradiol in water samples[J].J.Biotechnol.,2005,118(1):177-186
[103]Wei H B,Lin J M,Wu DN,et al.Detection of 17β-estradiol in fiver water and human urine by highly sensitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay[J].Chin J Anal Chem,2007,35(3):320-324
[104]Xu X,Roman J M,Veenstra T D,et al.Analysis of fifteen estrogen metabolites using packed column supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2006,78(5):1553-1558
[105]Liu S F,Xie Z H,Wu X P,et al.Separation of structurally related estrogens using isocratic elution pressurized capillary electrochromatography[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1092(2):258-262
[106]Xu X,Keefer L K,Waterheuse D J,et al.Measuring seven endogenous ketolic estrogens simultaneously in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(19):5829-5836
[107]Zhu Z Y,Boobis A R,Edwards R J.Preteomic analysis of the differential effects of estrogens on human breast cancer cells[J].Toxicology,2007,240(3):167-168
[108]Hankinson S E,Eliassen A H.Endogenous estrogen,testosterone and progesterone levels in relation to breast cancer risk[J].J.Steroid Biochem.,2007,106(1):24-30
[109]Russo J,Russo I H.The role of estrogen in the initiation of breast cancer[J].J.Steroid Biochem.,2006,102(1):89-96
[110]Mueck A O,Sceger H,Lipport T H.Estradiol metabolism and malignant disease[J].Maturitas,2002,43(1):1-10
[111]Seeger H,Wallwiener D,Kraemer E,et al.Comparison of possible carcinogenic estradiol metabolites:Effects on proliferation,apoptosis and metastasis of human breast cancer evils[J].Maturitas,2006,54(1):72-77
[112]Seo J,Kim H Y,Chung B C,et al.Simultaneous determination of anabolic steroids and synthetic hormones in meat by freezing-lipid filtration,solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass sprctrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1067(1-2):303-309
[113]中国农业部,中华人民共和国农业部公告第193号[EB/OL].http://www.agri.gov.cn/blgg/t20021022_16454.html,2002.4
[114]Blasco C,Van Poucke C,Van Peteghem C.Analysis of meat samples for anabolic steroids residues by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1154(1-2):230-239
[115]Fuh M R,Huang S Y,Lin T Y.Determination of residual anabolic steroid in meat by gas chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometer[J].Talanta,2004,64(2):408-414
[116]Liu M,Yuki H,Song Y Y,et al.Determination of carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with dispersive sold phase extraction[J].Chin.J.Anal.Chem.,2006.34(7):941-945
[2]Tapiero H,Nguyen Ba G,Tew K D.Estrogens and environmental estrogens[J].Biomed.Pharmacother.,2002,56(1):36-44
[3]蒋学之.环境雌激素对人类健康的潜在影响[J1.中国公共卫生,1997,13(4):251-252
[4]龙鼎新.环境雌激素的生殖和发育毒性研究进展[J].中国优生优育,2001,12(1):46-48
[5]魏慧斌,林金明.环境雌激素检测方法研究进展[J].生命科学仪器,2005,3(5):3-10
[6]邓南圣,吴峰.环境中的内分泌干扰物[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.49-50
[7]邱东茹,吴振斌.环境雌激素对动物和人体的影响及其作用机制[J].水生生物学报,1997,21(4):365-374
[8]Wang C C,Prasain J K.Barnes S.Review of the methods used in the determination of phytoestrogens[J].J.Chromatogr B.,2002,777(1-2):3-28
[9]赵泽文,常青,梁志清.环境雌激素对健康的影响[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(9):1724-1725
[10]杜克久,徐晓白.环境雌激素研究进展[J].科学通报,2000,45(21):2241-2251
[11]Baronti C,Curini R,D'Ascenzo G,et al.Monitoring natural and synthetic estrogens at activated sludge sewage treatment plants and in a receiving river water[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2000,34(24):5059-5066
[12]Temes T A,Stumpf M,Mueller J,et al.Behavior and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants-Ⅰ.Investigations in Germany,Canada and Brazil[J].Sci.Total Environ.,1999,225(1-2):81-90
[13]Hulka B S,Stark AT.Breast cancer:,cause and prevention[J].Lancet,1995,346(8979):883-887
[14]Sturgeon S R,Brock J W,Potischman N,et al.Serum concentrations of organochlorine compounds and endometrial cancer risk(United States).Cancer Cause.Contorl,1998,9(4):417-424
[15]Chilvers C,Pike M C,Forman D,et al.Apparent doubling of frequency of undescended testicles in England and Wales 1962-81[J].Lancet,1984,20:330-332
[16]Stone R.Environmental estrogens stir debate[J].Science,1994,265(5170):308-310
[17]Noppe H,Bizec B L,Verheyden K,et al.Novel analytical methods for the determination of steroid hormones in edible matrices[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2008,611(1):1-16
[18]夏星辉,杨居荣,许嘉琳.环境激素污染研究进展[J].上海环境科学,2001,20(2):56-59
[19]国家环境保护总局,国家环境保护“十一五”科技发展规划[EB/OL].http://www.sepa.gov.en/tech/ghzc/200607/t20060710_78307.html,2006.6.12
[20]Xu X,Roman J M,Issaq H J,et al.Quantitative measurement of endogenous estrogens and estrogen metabolites in human serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(20):7813-7821
[21]Xu X,Veenstra T D,Fox S D,et al.Measuring fifteen endogenous estrogens simultaneously in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2005,77(20):6646-6654
[22]Pozo O J,Eenoo P V,Thuyne W V,et al.Direct quantification of steroid glucuronides in human urine by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2008,1183(1-2):108-118
[23]Barri T,Bergstrm S,Norberg J,et al.Miniaturized and automated sample pretreatment for determination of pcbs in environmental aqueous samples using an on-line microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography system[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(7):1928-1934
[24]Basheer C,Obbard P J,Lee K H.Analysis of persistent organic pollutants in marine sediments using a novel microwave assisted solvent extraction and liquid-phase microextraction technique[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1068(2):221-228
[25]Rodriguez M S,de Alda M J L,Barcelo D.Picogram per liter level determination of estrogens in natural waters and waterworks by a fully automated on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(23):6998-7006
[26]Yan W,Zhao L X,Feng Q Z,et al.Simultaneous determination of ten estrogens and their metabolites in waters by improved two-step SPE followed by LC-MS[J].Chromatographia,2009,69(7/8):621-628
[27]Shao B,Zhao R,Meng J,et al.Simultaneous determination of residual hormonal chemicals in meat,kidney,liver tissues and milk by liquid ehromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2005,548(1-2):41-50
[28]Mao L S,Sun C J,Zhang H,et al.Determination of environmental estrogens in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography after fluorescent derivatization with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2004,522(2):241-246
[29]de Alda M J L,Barcelo D.Determination of steroid sex hormones and related synthetic compounds considered as endocrine disrupters in water by fully automated on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-diode array detection[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2001,911(2):203-210
[30]Fine D D,Breidenbach G P,Price T L,et al.Quantitation of estrogens in ground water and swine lagoon samples using solid-phase extraction,pentafluorobenzyl/trimethylsilyl derivatizations and gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2003,1017(1-2):167-185
[31]Aoki F,Nakagawa K,Tanaka A,et al.Determination of glabridin in human plasma by solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2005,828(1-2):70-74
[32]Beck I C,Bruhn R,Gandrass J,et al.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of estrogenic compounds in coastal surface water of the Baltic Sea[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005.1090(1-2):98-106
[33]Benijts T,Lambert W,de Leenheer A.Analysis of multiple endocrine disruptors in environmental waters via wide-spectrum solid-phase extraction and dual-polarity ionization LC-ion trap-MS/MS.Anal.Chem.,2004,76(3):704-711
[34]Prieto A G,Lunar L,Rubio S,et al.Hemimicelle-based solid-phase extraction of estrogens from environmental water samples[J].Analyst,2006,131(1-2):407-414
[35]Cai Y Q,Jiang G B,Liu J F,et al.Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as a Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent for the Determination of Bisphenol A,4-n-Nonylphenol,and 4-tert-Octylphenol[J].Anal.Chem.,2003,75(10):2517-2521
[36]Zhou Q X,Xiao J P,Wang W D.Using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid phase extraction adsorbents to determine dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites at trace level in water samples by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1125(2):152-158
[37]Chen L G,Ding L,Jin H Y,et al.The determination of organochlorine pesticides based on dynamic microwave-assisted extraction coupled with on-line solid-phase extraction of high-performance liquid chromatography[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2007,589(2):239-246
[38]Labadie P,Hill E M.Analysis of estrogens in river sediments by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry:Comparison of tandem mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1141(2):174-181
[39]Impens S,de Wasch K,Cornelis M,et al.Analysis on residues of estrogens,gestagens and androgens in kidney fat and meat with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2002,970(1-2):235-247
[40]Kuhnle G G C,Dell'Aquila C,Low Y L,et al.Extraction and quantification of phytoestrogeus in foods using automated solid-phase extraction and LC/MS/MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(23):9234-9239
[41]Ternes T A,Andersen H,Gilberg D,et al.Determination of estrogens in sludge and sediments by liquid extraction and GC/MS/MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2002,74(14):3498-3504
[42]Boyd B A A,Pawliszyn J B.Solid-phase microextraction of nitrogen-containing herbicides[J].J.Chromatogr.A,1995,704(1):163-172
[43]Mitani K,Fujioka M,Kataoka H.Fully automated analysis of estrogens in environmental waters by in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1081.(2):218-224
[44]Basheer C,Jayaraman A,Kee M K,et al.Polymer-coated hollow-fiber microextraction of estrogens in water samples with analysis by gas chromatography-mass speotrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1100(2):137-143
[45]Yang L H,Luan T G,Lan C Y.Solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber silylation for simultaneous determinations of endocrine disrupting chemicals and steroid hormones by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1104(1-2):23-32
[46]Wen Y,Zhou B S,Xu Y,et al.Analysis of estrogens in environmental waters using polymer monolith in-polyether ether ketone robe solid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1133(1-2):21-28
[47]Basheer C,Jegadesan S,Valiyaveettil S,et al.So-gel-coated oligomers as novel stationary phases for solid-phase microoxtraction[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1087(1-2):252-258
[48]Berijani S,Assadi Y,Anbia M,et al.Dispersive liquid-liquid mioroextraction combined with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection Very simple,rapid and sensitive method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1123(1):1-9
[49]Yazdi A S,Razavi N,Yazdinejad S R,Separation and determination of amitriptyline and nortriptyline by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography flame ionization detection[J].Talanta,2008,75(5):1293-1299
[50]Liang P,Xu J,Li Q,Application of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and highperformance liquid chromatography for the determination of three phthalate esters in water samples[J],Anal.Chim.Acta,2008,609(1):53-58
[51]Rezaee M,Assadi Y,Hosseini M R M,et al.Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1116(1-2):1-9
[52]Fattahi N,Samadi S,Assadi Y,er al.Solid-phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-uitra preconcentration of chlorophenols in aqueous samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1169(1-2):63-69
[53]Farahani H,Norouzi P,Dinarvand R,et al.Development of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as a simple,rapid and highly sensitive method for the determination of phthalate esters in water samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1172(2):105-112
[54]Nagaraju D,Huang S D.Determination of triazines in aqueous samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1161(1-2):89-97
[55]Chiang J S,Huang S D.Simultaneous derivatization and extraction of anilines in waste water with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detection[J].Talanta,2008,75(1):70-75
[56]蔡亚岐,牟世芬.分子印迹固相微萃取及其应用[J].分析测试学报,2005,24(5):116-121
[57]Wulff G.Enzyme-like catalysis by molecularly imprinted polymers[J],Chem.Rev.,2002,102(1):1-28
[58]Fujiwara M,Nishiyama M,Yamamura I,et al.A sol-gel method using acetic anhydride in the presence of cholesterol in organic solution media:Preparation of silicas that recognize steroid hormones[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(8):2374-2381
[59]Meng Z H,Chen W,Mulchandani A.Removal of estrogenic pollutants from contaminated water using molecularly imprinted polymers[J],Environ.Sci.Teclmol.,2005,39(22):8958-8962
[60]Masque N,Marce R M,Borrull F,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer for selective on-line solid-phase extraction of 4-nitrophenol from environmental water[J].Anal.Chem.,2000,72(17):4122-4126
[61]Kawaguchi M,Hayatsu Y,Nakata H,et al.Molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction using stable isotope labeled compounds as template and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for trace analysis of bisphenol A in water sample[J].Anal.China.Acta,2005,539(1-2):83-89
[62]Koeber R,Fleischer C,Lanza F,et al.Evaluation of a multidimensional solid-phase extraction platform for highly selective on-line cleanup and high-throughput LC-MS analysis of triazines in river water samples using molecularly imprinted polymers[J].Anal.Chem.,2001,73(11):2437-2444
[63]Chassaing C,Stokes J,Venn R F,et al.Molecularly imprinted polymers for the determination of a pharmaceutical development compound in plasma using 96-well MISPE technology[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2004,804(1):71-81
[64]马金余,陈波,姚守拙,等.己烯雌酚印迹分子聚合物合成及其在残留分析中的应用[J].分析化学,2005,33(10):1413-1416
[65]Le Noir M,Lepeuple A S,Guieysse B,et al.Selective removal of 17β-estradiol at trace concentration using a molecularly imprinted polymer[J].Water Res.,2007,41(12):2825-2831
[66]Jiang T H,Zhao L X,Chu B L,et al.Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for the selective determination of 17β-estradiol in fishery samples with high performance liquid chromatography[J].Talanta,2009,78(2):442-447
[67]Anastassiades M,Lehotay S J,Stajnbaher D,et al.Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction partitioning and "dispersive solid-phase extraction" for the determination of pesticide residues in produce[J].J.AOAC Int.,2003,86(2):412-430
[68]Diez C,Traag W A,Zommer P,et al.Comparison of an acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and "dispersive solid-phase extraction" method with classical multi-residue methods for the extraction of herbicide residues in barley samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1131(1-2):11-23
[69]Leandro C C,Hancock P,Fussell R J,et al.Comparison of ultra-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of priority pesticides in baby foods by tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1103(1):94-101
[70]Liu M,Hashi Y,Song Y Y,et al.Simultaneous determination of carbamate and organophosphorus pesticidee in fruits and vegetables by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1097(1-2):183-187
[71]Ji F,Zhao L X,Yan W,et al.Determination of triazines herbicides in fruits and vegetables using dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with LC-MS[J].J.Sep.Sci.,2008,31(6-7):961-968
[72]Liu L B,Hashi Y,Qin Y P,et al.Development of automated online gel permeation chromatography-gas chromatograph mass spectrometry for measuring multiresidual pesticides in agricultural products[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2007,845(1):61-68
[73]Posyniak A,Zmudzki J,Mitrowska K.Dispersive solid-phase extraction for the determination of sulfonamidea in chicken muscle by liquid chromatography[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1087(1-2):259-264
[74]Pl(o|¨)ssl F,Giera M,Bracher F.Multiresidue analytical method using dispersive solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry to determine pharmaceuticals in whole blood[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2006,1135(1):19-26
[75]Fagerquist C K,Lightfield A R,Lehotay S J.Confirmatory and quantitative analysis of β-Lactam antibiotics in bovine kidney tissue by dispersive solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2005,77(5):1473-1482
[76]Kokko T,Kokko L,L(o|¨)vgren T,et al.Homogeneous noncompetitive immunoassay for 17β-estradiol based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(15):5935-5940
[77]Ferrer I,Hennion M C,Bareelo D.Immunosorbents coupled on-line,with liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass,spectrometry for the part per trillion level determination of pesticides in sediments and natural waters using low preconcentration volumes[J].Anal.Chem.,1997,69(22):4508-4514
[78]Sandra P,Ferrer I,Hennion M C,et al.Isolation of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from natural sediments and sludge reference materials by an anti-fluorene immunosorbent followed by liquid chromatography and diode array detection[J].Anal.Chem.,1998,70(23):4996-5001
[79]Ferguson P L,Charles R I,McElroy A E,et al.Determination of steroid estrogens in wastewater by immunoaffinity extraction coupled with HPLC-electrospray-MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2001,73(16):3890-3895
[80]Su P,Zhang X X,Chang W B.Development and application of a multi-target immunoaffinity column for the selective extraction of natural estrogens from pregnant women's urine samples by capillary electrophoresis[J].J.Chromatogr.B,2005,816(1-2):7-14
[81]Sanchez F G,Diaz A N,Herrera R G,et al.Development and characterisation of an immunoaffinity chromatographic column for the on-line determination of the pesticide triclopyr[J].Talanta,2007,71(3):1411-1416
[82]Nishiyama S,Goto A,Saito K,et al.Concentration of 17β-estradiol using an immunoaffinity porous hollow-fiber membrane[J].Anal.Chem.,2002,74(19):4933-4936
[83]李贵平,张辉,汪勇先.磁性纳米微粒在磁性分离技术中的应用进展(文献综述)[J].放射免疫学杂志,2005,18(5):380-383
[84]徐辉,张国亮,张凤宝.免疫磁性微球的研究进展[J].化学工业与工程,2003,20(1):27-32,58
[85]Zhao L X,Lin J M,Li Z J,et al.Development of a highly sensitive,second antibody format chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for the determination of 17β-estradiol in wastewater[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2006,558(1-2):290-295
[86]Xin T B,Liang S X,Wang X,et al.Determination of estradiol in human serum using magnetic particles-based chemiluminescence immunoassay[J].Anal.a Chim.Acta,2008,627(2):277-284
[87]肖小华,尹怡,胡玉玲,等.液相微萃取-高效液相色谱联用分析化妆品中痕量的雌激素[J].色谱,2007,25(2):234-237
[88]Hu Y L,Zheng Y J,Zhu F,et al.Sol-gel coated polydimethylsiloxane/β-cyclodextrin as novel stationary phase for stir bar sorptive extraction and its application to analysis of estrogens and bisphenol A[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1148(1):16-22
[89]Kawaguchi M,Ishii Y,Sakui N,et al.Stir bar sorptive extraction with in situ derivatization and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the multi-shot mode for determination of estrogens in river water samples[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2004,1049(1-2):1-8
[90]Wang L,Cai Y Q,He B,et al.Determination of estrogens in water by HPLC-UV using cloud point extraction[J].Talanta,2006,70(1):47-51
[91]Crescenzi C,Bayoudh S,Cormack P A G,et al.Determination of clenbuterol in bovine liver by combining matrix solid-phase dispersion and molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap multiple-stage mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2001,73(10):2171-2177
[92]Fine D D,Breidenbach G P,Price T L,et al.Quantitation of estrogens in ground water and swine lagoon samples using solid-phase extraction,pentafluorobenzyl/trimethylsilyl derivatizations and gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2003,1017(1-2):167-185
[93]赵进英,辛暨华,郭英娜,等.固相萃取富集.高效液相色谱法分离检测水中3种苯脲除草剂[J].分析化学,2004,32(7):939-942
[94]林奕芝,张世,梁伟,等.HPLC法同时测定肉与肉制品中五种雌激素残留量[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2002,12(4):411-412
[95]Tong P,Kasuga Y,Khoo C S.Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for detection of estrogen in commercial oils and in fruit seed oils[J].J.Food Compos.Anal.,2006,19(2-3):150-156
[96]常红,胡建英,邵兵,等.固相萃取-LC-MS法检测水中痕量雌激素[J].环境化学,2003,22(4):399-403
[97]Bacaloni A,Cavaliere C,Faberi A,et al.Determination of isoflavones and coumestrol in river water and domestic wastewater sewage treatment plants[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2005,531(2):229-237
[98]Beck I C,Brnhn R,Gandrass J,et al.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of estrogenic compounds in coastal surface water of the Baltic Sea[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1090(1-2):98-106
[99]Bueno M J M,Ag(u|¨)era A,Gomez M J,et al.Application of liquid chromatography-quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to the detemination of pharmaceuticals and related contaminants in wastewater[J].Anal.Chem.,2007,79(24):9372-9384
[100]Batt A L,Kostich M S,Lazorchak J M.Analysis of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals in wasterwater and surface water using selective solid-phase extraction and UPLC-MS-MS[J].Anal.Chem.,2008,80(13):5021-5030
[101]Lu B Y,Zhang Y,Wu X Q,et al.Separation and determination of diversiform phytosterols in food materials using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chim.Acta,2007,588(1):50-63
[102]Zhao L X,Lin J M.Development of a micro-plate magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay(MMCLELA) for rapid- and high-throughput analysis of 17β-estradiol in water samples[J].J.Biotechnol.,2005,118(1):177-186
[103]Wei H B,Lin J M,Wu DN,et al.Detection of 17β-estradiol in fiver water and human urine by highly sensitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay[J].Chin J Anal Chem,2007,35(3):320-324
[104]Xu X,Roman J M,Veenstra T D,et al.Analysis of fifteen estrogen metabolites using packed column supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2006,78(5):1553-1558
[105]Liu S F,Xie Z H,Wu X P,et al.Separation of structurally related estrogens using isocratic elution pressurized capillary electrochromatography[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1092(2):258-262
[106]Xu X,Keefer L K,Waterheuse D J,et al.Measuring seven endogenous ketolic estrogens simultaneously in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry[J].Anal.Chem.,2004,76(19):5829-5836
[107]Zhu Z Y,Boobis A R,Edwards R J.Preteomic analysis of the differential effects of estrogens on human breast cancer cells[J].Toxicology,2007,240(3):167-168
[108]Hankinson S E,Eliassen A H.Endogenous estrogen,testosterone and progesterone levels in relation to breast cancer risk[J].J.Steroid Biochem.,2007,106(1):24-30
[109]Russo J,Russo I H.The role of estrogen in the initiation of breast cancer[J].J.Steroid Biochem.,2006,102(1):89-96
[110]Mueck A O,Sceger H,Lipport T H.Estradiol metabolism and malignant disease[J].Maturitas,2002,43(1):1-10
[111]Seeger H,Wallwiener D,Kraemer E,et al.Comparison of possible carcinogenic estradiol metabolites:Effects on proliferation,apoptosis and metastasis of human breast cancer evils[J].Maturitas,2006,54(1):72-77
[112]Seo J,Kim H Y,Chung B C,et al.Simultaneous determination of anabolic steroids and synthetic hormones in meat by freezing-lipid filtration,solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass sprctrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2005,1067(1-2):303-309
[113]中国农业部,中华人民共和国农业部公告第193号[EB/OL].http://www.agri.gov.cn/blgg/t20021022_16454.html,2002.4
[114]Blasco C,Van Poucke C,Van Peteghem C.Analysis of meat samples for anabolic steroids residues by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry[J].J.Chromatogr.A,2007,1154(1-2):230-239
[115]Fuh M R,Huang S Y,Lin T Y.Determination of residual anabolic steroid in meat by gas chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometer[J].Talanta,2004,64(2):408-414
[116]Liu M,Yuki H,Song Y Y,et al.Determination of carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with dispersive sold phase extraction[J].Chin.J.Anal.Chem.,2006.34(7):941-945