高速公路路面分期修建关键技术研究
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摘要
我国东南沿海和内陆广泛分布着海相、湖相及河相沉积的软弱粘土地基,许多高速公路都有部分路段位于软土地基或不良地基上。针对各种不良地基,进行高速公路设计和施工时,都采用了相应的处理措施。实践表明,这些措施并没有达到预期的技术效果。路面分期修建技术则是解决这些问题的一个可能的途径。但是,高速公路路面分期修建设计和施工是一个复杂的系统工程,影响因素众多。本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上,结合实体工程,对高速公路路面分期修建问题进行了较为系统的研究,取得如下主要成果:
(1)系统地分析总结了高速公路路面分期修建的应用条件和基本原则,提出了确定路面是否分期修建的交通量条件和地质条件判定指标。
(2)针对软土地基或其它不良地基,分析了影响二期路面铺筑时间的因素,并根据软土地基沉降理论提出了确定过渡期年限的方法。
(3)提出了路面分期修建的一些关键技术问题及其措施。
(4)以现行路面设计规范方法为基础,提出了分期修建沥青路面和水泥混凝土路面的设计程序和基本方法。
(5)对于实体工程,采用寿命周期费用分析方法,通过合理的经济影响模型,考虑路面初建费、养护费、车辆运营费和路面残值,对一次性修建与分期修建路面方案进行了经济分析; 分别采用现值法和年值法,对两种方案进行了详细的经济比较。
本文的研究表明,在一定的条件下,分期修建路面在充分利用财政资源、减少维护费用和提高路面使用质量方面具有突出的优点和显著的经济价值。
There are many marine-deposition, lake-deposition and river-deposition areas in inland and southeast of China. Parts of freeway were constructed on the base of soft ground or poor ground. Although relevant methods were adopted to reinforce the ground in design and construction, the outcome was not as good as what people expected. Pavement construction by stages is a possible way to deal with these freeway drawbacks. But the pavement design & construction by stages is a complicated system engineering with many influential factors. In this paper, a systematic research on the freeway pavement construction by stages is carried out, based on the former works done by others, combining with the real projects, and main achievements are obtained as follows:
1. The conditions for use and basic principle of freeway pavement construction by stages are analyzed and summarized systematically, and the indexes for traffic volume conditions and geological conditions to determine if the pavement shall be constructed by stages are provided.
2. For soft ground or other poor ground, the factors influencing second-stage pavement paving time are analyzed, and the methods determining the service life during transition period are proposed according to settlement theory of soft ground.
3. Some key technical problems and measures of pavement construction by stages are proposed.
4. Based on the current pavement design specifications, design procedures and basic methods for bituminous pavement and cement concrete pavement construction by stages are put forward.
5. For the real project, the method of life cycle cost analysis is adopted, by means of reasonable economic influence modeling, considering pavement initial construction cost, maintenance cost, vehicle operating cost and pavement residual value, economic analysis is made for pavement construction by one-stage and stages, and detailed economic comparisons between the two schemes are made separately by the methods of present value and annual value.
This research paper shows that, under certain conditions, pavement construction by stages is of outstanding advantages and remarkable economic value in fulfilling financial resources, reducing maintenance cost and improving pavement quality.
(1)系统地分析总结了高速公路路面分期修建的应用条件和基本原则,提出了确定路面是否分期修建的交通量条件和地质条件判定指标。
(2)针对软土地基或其它不良地基,分析了影响二期路面铺筑时间的因素,并根据软土地基沉降理论提出了确定过渡期年限的方法。
(3)提出了路面分期修建的一些关键技术问题及其措施。
(4)以现行路面设计规范方法为基础,提出了分期修建沥青路面和水泥混凝土路面的设计程序和基本方法。
(5)对于实体工程,采用寿命周期费用分析方法,通过合理的经济影响模型,考虑路面初建费、养护费、车辆运营费和路面残值,对一次性修建与分期修建路面方案进行了经济分析; 分别采用现值法和年值法,对两种方案进行了详细的经济比较。
本文的研究表明,在一定的条件下,分期修建路面在充分利用财政资源、减少维护费用和提高路面使用质量方面具有突出的优点和显著的经济价值。
There are many marine-deposition, lake-deposition and river-deposition areas in inland and southeast of China. Parts of freeway were constructed on the base of soft ground or poor ground. Although relevant methods were adopted to reinforce the ground in design and construction, the outcome was not as good as what people expected. Pavement construction by stages is a possible way to deal with these freeway drawbacks. But the pavement design & construction by stages is a complicated system engineering with many influential factors. In this paper, a systematic research on the freeway pavement construction by stages is carried out, based on the former works done by others, combining with the real projects, and main achievements are obtained as follows:
1. The conditions for use and basic principle of freeway pavement construction by stages are analyzed and summarized systematically, and the indexes for traffic volume conditions and geological conditions to determine if the pavement shall be constructed by stages are provided.
2. For soft ground or other poor ground, the factors influencing second-stage pavement paving time are analyzed, and the methods determining the service life during transition period are proposed according to settlement theory of soft ground.
3. Some key technical problems and measures of pavement construction by stages are proposed.
4. Based on the current pavement design specifications, design procedures and basic methods for bituminous pavement and cement concrete pavement construction by stages are put forward.
5. For the real project, the method of life cycle cost analysis is adopted, by means of reasonable economic influence modeling, considering pavement initial construction cost, maintenance cost, vehicle operating cost and pavement residual value, economic analysis is made for pavement construction by one-stage and stages, and detailed economic comparisons between the two schemes are made separately by the methods of present value and annual value.
This research paper shows that, under certain conditions, pavement construction by stages is of outstanding advantages and remarkable economic value in fulfilling financial resources, reducing maintenance cost and improving pavement quality.
引文
[1] 中华人民共和国交通部. 国家高速公路网规划. www.moc.gov.cn,2005-10-20
[2] 龚智辉. 采空区软土地基及一般软土地基施工处理浅析. 临长高速公路学术交流会论文集,2002
[3] 张留俊,黄晓明. 关于软土地基上路面分期修建若干问题的研究. 公路交通科技,2002,19(1):27-30
[4] 交通部联合调查组. 杭甬高速公路软基问题专项调查报告. 1997
[5] 张奎鸿,钱绍武. 沪嘉高速公路软土地基工程的回顾. 华东公路,1993,(6):3-11
[6] 傅智. 如何改善水泥混凝土路面的舒适性. 公路,2004,(7):47-53
[7] 李宇峙等. 长永高速公路旧水泥砼路面上沥青混合料加铺层结构设计. 湖南交通科技,2003,29(1):103-105
[8] 刘朝晖等. 高速公路旧水泥砼路面加铺沥青面层结构组合设计. 公路交通科技,2004,21(7):17-21
[9] Johnson S J. Precompression for Improving Foundation Soils. JSMFE, ASCE, 1970,96(1):111-144
[10] Richart Jr. F E. A Review of the Theories for Sand Drains, Proc. ASCE, 1957,83(3):1-38
[11] 吴忠,陈荣生. 软土地基上沥青路面的分期修建方案. 东南大学学报,1997,27(3):29-35
[12] Mesri G, Choi Y K. Settlement Analysis of Embankment on Soft Soil. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1985
[13] 张跃峰. 难忘的美国之行—中国交通建设监理考察团赴美国考察纪实. 中国交通建设监理,2005,(1):11-16
[14] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路工程技术标准(JTG B01-2003). 北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[15] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范(JTG D40-2002). 北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[16] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路沥青路面设计规范(JTJ 014-97). 北京:人民交通出版社,1997
[17] 胡伟,王俏,张大文. 南方高速公路路面工程分期修建研究. 中南公路工程,2000,25(1):30-31,34
[18] 朱毅然,李富华. 高速公路分期修建的初步实践与探讨. 华东公路,1992,(1):41-46
[19] Paterson D O. Design Study of Asphalt Membrane Overlayer for Concrete Runway Pavement. Transportation Reseach Record, No.930
[20] 吴忠. 试论软土地基上沥青混凝土路面分期修建方案. 江苏交通工程,1996,(5):23-31
[21] 周学林. 高速公路路面工程分期修建的研究. 广西交通科技,2003,28(6):28-30,40
[22] 王裕荣. 高速公路沥青混凝土路面分期实施技术及应用. 公路,2003,(4):78-81
[23] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路沥青路面养护技术规范(JTJ 073.2-2001). 北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[24] 沙庆林. 高速公路沥青路面早期破坏现象及预防. 北京:人民交通出版社, 2000
[25] 张诚厚. 高速公路软基处理. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[26] 中华人民共和国交通部.公路软土地基路堤设计与施工技术规范(JTJ017-96). 北京:人民交通出版社,1997
[27] Vyoe J M. Reflection Cracking in Bituminous Overlayers on Rigid Pavements. Research Report 109, 1983
[28] McCullough B F and S B Seeds. Field Validation of an Overlay Design Procedure to Prevent Reflection Cracking. Proceeding of 6th International Conference on Structure Design of Asphalt Pavement, 1997
[29] 周德云,姚祖康. 旧水泥混凝土路面上沥青加铺层结构的三维有限元分析.中国公路学报,1990,3(3):18-26
[30] 胡长顺. 水泥混凝土与沥青混凝土复合式路面结构设计理论与方法研究. 西 安公路学院青年基金课题研究报告,1994
[31] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范(JTT 012-94). 北京:人民交通出版社,1994
[32] 姚祖康. 路面管理系统. 北京:人民交通出版社,1993
[33] 周伟,王选仓.道路经济与管理.北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[2] 龚智辉. 采空区软土地基及一般软土地基施工处理浅析. 临长高速公路学术交流会论文集,2002
[3] 张留俊,黄晓明. 关于软土地基上路面分期修建若干问题的研究. 公路交通科技,2002,19(1):27-30
[4] 交通部联合调查组. 杭甬高速公路软基问题专项调查报告. 1997
[5] 张奎鸿,钱绍武. 沪嘉高速公路软土地基工程的回顾. 华东公路,1993,(6):3-11
[6] 傅智. 如何改善水泥混凝土路面的舒适性. 公路,2004,(7):47-53
[7] 李宇峙等. 长永高速公路旧水泥砼路面上沥青混合料加铺层结构设计. 湖南交通科技,2003,29(1):103-105
[8] 刘朝晖等. 高速公路旧水泥砼路面加铺沥青面层结构组合设计. 公路交通科技,2004,21(7):17-21
[9] Johnson S J. Precompression for Improving Foundation Soils. JSMFE, ASCE, 1970,96(1):111-144
[10] Richart Jr. F E. A Review of the Theories for Sand Drains, Proc. ASCE, 1957,83(3):1-38
[11] 吴忠,陈荣生. 软土地基上沥青路面的分期修建方案. 东南大学学报,1997,27(3):29-35
[12] Mesri G, Choi Y K. Settlement Analysis of Embankment on Soft Soil. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1985
[13] 张跃峰. 难忘的美国之行—中国交通建设监理考察团赴美国考察纪实. 中国交通建设监理,2005,(1):11-16
[14] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路工程技术标准(JTG B01-2003). 北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[15] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范(JTG D40-2002). 北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[16] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路沥青路面设计规范(JTJ 014-97). 北京:人民交通出版社,1997
[17] 胡伟,王俏,张大文. 南方高速公路路面工程分期修建研究. 中南公路工程,2000,25(1):30-31,34
[18] 朱毅然,李富华. 高速公路分期修建的初步实践与探讨. 华东公路,1992,(1):41-46
[19] Paterson D O. Design Study of Asphalt Membrane Overlayer for Concrete Runway Pavement. Transportation Reseach Record, No.930
[20] 吴忠. 试论软土地基上沥青混凝土路面分期修建方案. 江苏交通工程,1996,(5):23-31
[21] 周学林. 高速公路路面工程分期修建的研究. 广西交通科技,2003,28(6):28-30,40
[22] 王裕荣. 高速公路沥青混凝土路面分期实施技术及应用. 公路,2003,(4):78-81
[23] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路沥青路面养护技术规范(JTJ 073.2-2001). 北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[24] 沙庆林. 高速公路沥青路面早期破坏现象及预防. 北京:人民交通出版社, 2000
[25] 张诚厚. 高速公路软基处理. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[26] 中华人民共和国交通部.公路软土地基路堤设计与施工技术规范(JTJ017-96). 北京:人民交通出版社,1997
[27] Vyoe J M. Reflection Cracking in Bituminous Overlayers on Rigid Pavements. Research Report 109, 1983
[28] McCullough B F and S B Seeds. Field Validation of an Overlay Design Procedure to Prevent Reflection Cracking. Proceeding of 6th International Conference on Structure Design of Asphalt Pavement, 1997
[29] 周德云,姚祖康. 旧水泥混凝土路面上沥青加铺层结构的三维有限元分析.中国公路学报,1990,3(3):18-26
[30] 胡长顺. 水泥混凝土与沥青混凝土复合式路面结构设计理论与方法研究. 西 安公路学院青年基金课题研究报告,1994
[31] 中华人民共和国交通部. 公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范(JTT 012-94). 北京:人民交通出版社,1994
[32] 姚祖康. 路面管理系统. 北京:人民交通出版社,1993
[33] 周伟,王选仓.道路经济与管理.北京:人民交通出版社,1998