基于GIS的南昌市道路管理信息系统研究
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摘要
随着南昌城市建设的飞速发展,城市道路网不断扩大,道路管理部门管理的信息量与日俱增,管理工作越来越繁杂。传统的管理方法已明显不能适应城市道路建设的发展,因此非常有必要采用先进的信息技术提升城市道路交通管理的水平。而建立基于GIS技术的南昌市道路管理信息系统,将道路信息与地理信息有机结合起来,能充分发挥出地理信息系统特有的数据输入、数据输出、数据管理、空间分析以及可视化表达的功能,从而满足道路管理部门在信息检索及数据分析方面的需求,为其分析与决策提供有效的参考。
本文针对南昌市道路传统管理方法的不足,提出了基于空间可视化的南昌市道路管理信息系统的结构框架,构建出支撑系统的数据库平台和地图平台。论文首先对系统研究的背景和国内外道路管理系统的发展状况进行了分析,其次对系统的基本需求和可行性进行分析,然后对地理信息系统的理论和方法进行了探讨,最后完成对系统的结构设计和数据库设计,并利用GIS组件产品MapX、SQL Server数据库和Visual Basic开发语言实现系统的主要功能。
本系统是一个包括了系统管理、地图显示、图层管理、地图编辑、数据管理、数据查询、空间分析、道路信息专题图生成和测量工具等功能模块的计算机管理系统。空间数据和属性数据的管理是本文研究的基础,而道路、桥梁和人行地下通道等信息的查询显示和输出则是研究的重点。论文还针对道路网评价指标和最短路径搜索问题进行了研究。
With the rapid development of Nanchang urban construction and the unceasing expansion of urban road net, the information amounts managed by road administrative department increases day by day and the management is more and more complicated. Then the traditional management methods have not been adapt to the development of the urban road construction. Therefore, it is very necessary that the advanced IT is adopted to upgrade the city's road traffic control. But the road management information systems of Nanchang based on GIS technology was built, which is organically combined with the road information and the geographical feature information. The model fully displays the geographic information system’s unique data input, the data output, the data management, the spatial analysis as well as the visualization expression function fully, so it can satisfy the need of the road administrative department in the field of the information retrieval and data analysis and provide effective reference for its analysis and decision.
Aimed at the deficiencies of traditional management of Nanchang urban road, the framework of urban road management information system based on spatial visualization was brought forward and the database and map platform were constructed. First of all, the paper analyzed the background of the system and the development status of the road management systems at home and abroad. Followed by the analysis on the basic needs and feasibility of the system, the theory and methods of the geographic information systems were discussed. Finally, the design of the structure and Database were completed and the core functions of the system were realized, which made use of the components of GIS products MapX, SQL Server database and VB language.
The system is a computer management system and it includes functional modules such as system management, map display, management of the map layer, the map edition, the data management, the data query, the spatial analysis, the generation of thematic map for the road information and measurement tools. The management of spatial and attribution data is the basis of this paper. And the focus of this paper is the query, display and output of information for roads, bridges and pedestrian underpass. In addition, the problems of the road network evaluation and the shortest path search are also studied in this paper.
本文针对南昌市道路传统管理方法的不足,提出了基于空间可视化的南昌市道路管理信息系统的结构框架,构建出支撑系统的数据库平台和地图平台。论文首先对系统研究的背景和国内外道路管理系统的发展状况进行了分析,其次对系统的基本需求和可行性进行分析,然后对地理信息系统的理论和方法进行了探讨,最后完成对系统的结构设计和数据库设计,并利用GIS组件产品MapX、SQL Server数据库和Visual Basic开发语言实现系统的主要功能。
本系统是一个包括了系统管理、地图显示、图层管理、地图编辑、数据管理、数据查询、空间分析、道路信息专题图生成和测量工具等功能模块的计算机管理系统。空间数据和属性数据的管理是本文研究的基础,而道路、桥梁和人行地下通道等信息的查询显示和输出则是研究的重点。论文还针对道路网评价指标和最短路径搜索问题进行了研究。
With the rapid development of Nanchang urban construction and the unceasing expansion of urban road net, the information amounts managed by road administrative department increases day by day and the management is more and more complicated. Then the traditional management methods have not been adapt to the development of the urban road construction. Therefore, it is very necessary that the advanced IT is adopted to upgrade the city's road traffic control. But the road management information systems of Nanchang based on GIS technology was built, which is organically combined with the road information and the geographical feature information. The model fully displays the geographic information system’s unique data input, the data output, the data management, the spatial analysis as well as the visualization expression function fully, so it can satisfy the need of the road administrative department in the field of the information retrieval and data analysis and provide effective reference for its analysis and decision.
Aimed at the deficiencies of traditional management of Nanchang urban road, the framework of urban road management information system based on spatial visualization was brought forward and the database and map platform were constructed. First of all, the paper analyzed the background of the system and the development status of the road management systems at home and abroad. Followed by the analysis on the basic needs and feasibility of the system, the theory and methods of the geographic information systems were discussed. Finally, the design of the structure and Database were completed and the core functions of the system were realized, which made use of the components of GIS products MapX, SQL Server database and VB language.
The system is a computer management system and it includes functional modules such as system management, map display, management of the map layer, the map edition, the data management, the data query, the spatial analysis, the generation of thematic map for the road information and measurement tools. The management of spatial and attribution data is the basis of this paper. And the focus of this paper is the query, display and output of information for roads, bridges and pedestrian underpass. In addition, the problems of the road network evaluation and the shortest path search are also studied in this paper.
引文
[1]《南昌市道路交通管理规划(2006～2015)》[R].华东交通大学交通工程研究所编制,2006
[2]齐锐,屈韶琳,阳琳赟.用MapX开发地理信息系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[3]罗雅,王要武.城市路面管理信息系统的应用研究[J].低温建筑技术,2003,Vol.91(1):72-74
[4]葛学军.基于GIS的项目级路面管理系统的开发与应用[D]:[硕士论文],成都:西南交通大学, 2005.
[5]王琳凌.基于GIS的城市道路信息管理系统的研究与开发[D]:[硕士论文」,南京:东南大学,2003
[6]吴赞阳.基于GIS的南京市城市道路养护管理系统的研究与开发[D].[硕士论文」,南京:东南大学,2006
[7]罗名海.武汉市城市基础设施管理信息系统的建设[J].地理空间信息,2005,Vol.3(4):4-5.
[8]王占全,赵斯思,徐慧.地理信息系统(GIS)开发工程案例精选[M] .北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.
[9]李连营,李清泉,李汉武,颜辉武,王涛.基于MapX的GIS应用开发[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社, 2003.
[10]敬铮.SQL Server高级开发与专业应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[11]梁艳平,邵春福,基于的交通事故信息空间数据库研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2005, (4):39-43.
[12]《运筹学》教材编写组.运筹学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.
[13]李德龙,张冰.智能车辆最短路径算法的研究与实现[J].现代电子技术,2006,Vol.29(19):133-134.
[14]倪凯,叶雷等.基于数据库中间件与GIS实现的最短路径算法[J].计算机工程, 2005, Vol.31(13):78-80.
[15]聂运菊,赵吉先,费小睿.基于MapX的道路拓扑和最短路径分析的讨论与实现[J].测绘科学, 2006,Vol.31(3):96-98.
[16]王宗原,郝燕玲,徐兆新.基于电子地图的路径规划的分析解决方案[J].应用科技, 2006,Vol.33(2):34-35.
[17]杨长保,王开义,马生忠.一种最短路径分析优化算法的实现[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2002,Vol.20(2):70-74.
[18]毕军,付梦印,周培德,张宇河.基于城市道路网的快速路径寻优算法[J].计算机工程,2002,Vol.28(12):36-38.
[19]李宁宁,刘玉树.改进的Dijkstra算法在GIS路径规划中的应用[J].计算机与现代化,2004,(9):12-14.
[20]唐文武,施晓东,朱大奎.GIS中使用改进的Dijkstra算法实现最短路径的计算[J].中国图象图形学报,2000,Vol.5(A):1019-1023.
[21]朱静.Dijkstra算法在GIS中的优化实现[J].计算机与现代化,2005,(9):19-20.
[22]李杰.城市道路设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[23]李娜.基于GIS的洪灾风险管理系统[D]:[博士论文].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2003.
[24]杨玉满.基于的港口信息管理系统的研究[D]:[硕士论文].大连:大连海事大学,2008.
[25]郭昊乾.基于的哈尔滨市道路交通事故信息管理系统研究[D]:[硕士论文],哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2007.
[26]叶云霞,刘小勇,胡新民.城市交通管理地理信息系统设计及应用[J].新疆农业大学学报, 2005,Vol.28(1):53-56.
[27]王肖曼,杨钦.城市交通信息平台GIS-T数据库设计[J].计算机工程与应用, 2005, Vol(13):229-232.
[28]杨忠振,贾鹏,于滨.基于GIS的城市道路交通管理信息及交通资源分析系统[J].大连理工大学学报,2006,Vol.46(4):550-555.
[29]徐兵,王晗.基于GIS的城市数字交通管理信息系统设计开发[J].计算机与数字工程,2005, Vol.33(12):16-18.
[30]钱俊,童小华.基于MapX的土地房产GIS数据处理与系统开发[J].工程勘察,2006, Vol(6):50-55.
[31]梁源川,赵颖慧,李凤日.组件开发式森林资源GIS中的数据更新[J].东北林业大学学报, 2006,Vol.34(3):84-86.
[32]徐晓慧.信息技术在城市道路交通管理中的应用[J].河南农业大学学报,2003, Vol.37(2):196-199.
[33]刘海宁,温少芳,宋强. GlS在交通领域中的应用探讨[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报, 2006,Vol.5(2):55-57.
[34]肖建军.交通地理信息系统研究与应用[D]:[硕士论文],长沙:中南大学,2005.
[35]陈军.空间数据模型的基本问题和学术前沿[J].地理学报,1995,50(增刊)
[36]庞前聪,城市道路基础数据库建立的若干关键技术研究[D]:[硕士论文],武汉:武汉大学,2004.
[37]邹凤,许乐.GIS在交通管理部门的应用实例[J].东北测绘,2000,Vol.23(1):31-33.
[38]唐卫文.市政道路GIS数据模型设计与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文],南京:南京师范大学,2007.
[39]向鹏.交通指挥地理信息系统开发研究[D]:[硕士学位论文],长春:吉林大学,2005.
[40]张小全.数据库原理及应用[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2004.
[41]《南昌市“十一.五”交通工程建设实施计划的调查及可行性分析报告》[R].华东交通大学交通工程研究所编制,2006.
[42]张菊清.GIS中缓冲区分析后的误差估计[J].测绘通报,2002,(1):7-10.
[43]常永继.南昌市智能交通地理信息系统的设计与实现[D]:[硕士论文],南昌:华东交通大学, 2008.
[44] Kang-tsuang Chang. Introduction to Geographic Intormation Systems[M].科学出版社,2006
[45] Kurt F.&Lotharand W..A Hybrid Expert System,GIS and Simulalion Modeling for Environmental and Technolonical Risk Management, Computer-aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering[J].17/ 2002.
[46] Robert.S.A et al. Application of Object Orientated Databaseb to Geographic Information System, Information And Software Technology[J].Vol. 33. No.1,1991
[47] Ma Zhiliang, Yoshito Itoh,Yao Jungan.Development of Road Lifecycle Management System Based on New Information Technology.Computing in Civil and Building Engineering,Proceeding of the Eighth International Conference(ICCCBE_VIII),ASCE,2000-08
[48] Miles S B.Application and Issues of G1S as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling.Journal of Computing in Civil Enginccring,1999-07
[49] Li, Xiugang,etc., GIS based map overlay method for comprehensive assessment of road environmental impact, Transportation Research, Part D; Transport and Environment,2002
[50] Demin Xiong, Hui Lin, Spatial Data Handling for ITS: Perspective. Issues and Approaches,Geoinformatica,2002,12(1)
[51] Michael F.Goodchild, GIS and Transportation: Status and Challenges, Geoinformatica, 2002,12(2)
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[2]齐锐,屈韶琳,阳琳赟.用MapX开发地理信息系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[3]罗雅,王要武.城市路面管理信息系统的应用研究[J].低温建筑技术,2003,Vol.91(1):72-74
[4]葛学军.基于GIS的项目级路面管理系统的开发与应用[D]:[硕士论文],成都:西南交通大学, 2005.
[5]王琳凌.基于GIS的城市道路信息管理系统的研究与开发[D]:[硕士论文」,南京:东南大学,2003
[6]吴赞阳.基于GIS的南京市城市道路养护管理系统的研究与开发[D].[硕士论文」,南京:东南大学,2006
[7]罗名海.武汉市城市基础设施管理信息系统的建设[J].地理空间信息,2005,Vol.3(4):4-5.
[8]王占全,赵斯思,徐慧.地理信息系统(GIS)开发工程案例精选[M] .北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.
[9]李连营,李清泉,李汉武,颜辉武,王涛.基于MapX的GIS应用开发[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社, 2003.
[10]敬铮.SQL Server高级开发与专业应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[11]梁艳平,邵春福,基于的交通事故信息空间数据库研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2005, (4):39-43.
[12]《运筹学》教材编写组.运筹学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.
[13]李德龙,张冰.智能车辆最短路径算法的研究与实现[J].现代电子技术,2006,Vol.29(19):133-134.
[14]倪凯,叶雷等.基于数据库中间件与GIS实现的最短路径算法[J].计算机工程, 2005, Vol.31(13):78-80.
[15]聂运菊,赵吉先,费小睿.基于MapX的道路拓扑和最短路径分析的讨论与实现[J].测绘科学, 2006,Vol.31(3):96-98.
[16]王宗原,郝燕玲,徐兆新.基于电子地图的路径规划的分析解决方案[J].应用科技, 2006,Vol.33(2):34-35.
[17]杨长保,王开义,马生忠.一种最短路径分析优化算法的实现[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2002,Vol.20(2):70-74.
[18]毕军,付梦印,周培德,张宇河.基于城市道路网的快速路径寻优算法[J].计算机工程,2002,Vol.28(12):36-38.
[19]李宁宁,刘玉树.改进的Dijkstra算法在GIS路径规划中的应用[J].计算机与现代化,2004,(9):12-14.
[20]唐文武,施晓东,朱大奎.GIS中使用改进的Dijkstra算法实现最短路径的计算[J].中国图象图形学报,2000,Vol.5(A):1019-1023.
[21]朱静.Dijkstra算法在GIS中的优化实现[J].计算机与现代化,2005,(9):19-20.
[22]李杰.城市道路设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[23]李娜.基于GIS的洪灾风险管理系统[D]:[博士论文].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2003.
[24]杨玉满.基于的港口信息管理系统的研究[D]:[硕士论文].大连:大连海事大学,2008.
[25]郭昊乾.基于的哈尔滨市道路交通事故信息管理系统研究[D]:[硕士论文],哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2007.
[26]叶云霞,刘小勇,胡新民.城市交通管理地理信息系统设计及应用[J].新疆农业大学学报, 2005,Vol.28(1):53-56.
[27]王肖曼,杨钦.城市交通信息平台GIS-T数据库设计[J].计算机工程与应用, 2005, Vol(13):229-232.
[28]杨忠振,贾鹏,于滨.基于GIS的城市道路交通管理信息及交通资源分析系统[J].大连理工大学学报,2006,Vol.46(4):550-555.
[29]徐兵,王晗.基于GIS的城市数字交通管理信息系统设计开发[J].计算机与数字工程,2005, Vol.33(12):16-18.
[30]钱俊,童小华.基于MapX的土地房产GIS数据处理与系统开发[J].工程勘察,2006, Vol(6):50-55.
[31]梁源川,赵颖慧,李凤日.组件开发式森林资源GIS中的数据更新[J].东北林业大学学报, 2006,Vol.34(3):84-86.
[32]徐晓慧.信息技术在城市道路交通管理中的应用[J].河南农业大学学报,2003, Vol.37(2):196-199.
[33]刘海宁,温少芳,宋强. GlS在交通领域中的应用探讨[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报, 2006,Vol.5(2):55-57.
[34]肖建军.交通地理信息系统研究与应用[D]:[硕士论文],长沙:中南大学,2005.
[35]陈军.空间数据模型的基本问题和学术前沿[J].地理学报,1995,50(增刊)
[36]庞前聪,城市道路基础数据库建立的若干关键技术研究[D]:[硕士论文],武汉:武汉大学,2004.
[37]邹凤,许乐.GIS在交通管理部门的应用实例[J].东北测绘,2000,Vol.23(1):31-33.
[38]唐卫文.市政道路GIS数据模型设计与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文],南京:南京师范大学,2007.
[39]向鹏.交通指挥地理信息系统开发研究[D]:[硕士学位论文],长春:吉林大学,2005.
[40]张小全.数据库原理及应用[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2004.
[41]《南昌市“十一.五”交通工程建设实施计划的调查及可行性分析报告》[R].华东交通大学交通工程研究所编制,2006.
[42]张菊清.GIS中缓冲区分析后的误差估计[J].测绘通报,2002,(1):7-10.
[43]常永继.南昌市智能交通地理信息系统的设计与实现[D]:[硕士论文],南昌:华东交通大学, 2008.
[44] Kang-tsuang Chang. Introduction to Geographic Intormation Systems[M].科学出版社,2006
[45] Kurt F.&Lotharand W..A Hybrid Expert System,GIS and Simulalion Modeling for Environmental and Technolonical Risk Management, Computer-aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering[J].17/ 2002.
[46] Robert.S.A et al. Application of Object Orientated Databaseb to Geographic Information System, Information And Software Technology[J].Vol. 33. No.1,1991
[47] Ma Zhiliang, Yoshito Itoh,Yao Jungan.Development of Road Lifecycle Management System Based on New Information Technology.Computing in Civil and Building Engineering,Proceeding of the Eighth International Conference(ICCCBE_VIII),ASCE,2000-08
[48] Miles S B.Application and Issues of G1S as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling.Journal of Computing in Civil Enginccring,1999-07
[49] Li, Xiugang,etc., GIS based map overlay method for comprehensive assessment of road environmental impact, Transportation Research, Part D; Transport and Environment,2002
[50] Demin Xiong, Hui Lin, Spatial Data Handling for ITS: Perspective. Issues and Approaches,Geoinformatica,2002,12(1)
[51] Michael F.Goodchild, GIS and Transportation: Status and Challenges, Geoinformatica, 2002,12(2)
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