基于Web GIS的油气管道事故应急救援系统模型研究
摘要
随着石油天然气工业的发展,各种油气管道的数量和长度都在不断增加。无论是老管道还是新建管道,在运行期间都存在着各种风险因素:施工和材料缺陷、设计缺陷、腐蚀、第三方损伤、地质灾害、误操作等。一旦某个或几个因素造成管道运行失效,就会发生泄漏、破裂、燃烧爆炸等事故。管道事故不仅影响正常的运行,造成能源浪费和经济损失,而且由于所输介质的污染性和危险性,发生事故时还会造成环境的污染和巨大的生命财产损失。因此,加强油气管道事故应急救援系统研究具有重要的社会现实意义。
油气管道事故应急救援和应急决策过程,涉及到多个部门和各级、各层次的人员,同时离不开管道周围的地理空间数据和具体对象空间数据的支持,其所需的数据资料是海量的,因此必须利用现代化的信息管理手段和方法进行管理。地理信息系统(GIS)技术为油气管道事故应急救援辅助决策提供了最适合的研究方法和手段。
论文探讨了如何利用网络地理信息系统的研究方法和手段,在油气管道事故应急救援理论的指导下,以油气管道事故风险控制为主线,以预防油气管道事故发生、降低事故损失为目标,进行油气管道事故应急救援系统的设计、研究和开发。
论文在对油气管道应急救援系统体系,WebGIS工作原理、技术特点、体系结构、工作模式等进行深入分析的基础上,以ArcGIS软件产品为平台,提出了油气管道事故应急救援系统的构建方案,利用ASP.NET技术,用C#语言开发了油气管道事故应急救援系统,具体研究内容如下:
(1)深入研究了油气管道应急响应救援的概念、基本原则、过程、主要内容等相关知识,为研制开发油气管道事故应急救援系统奠定了理论基础。
(2)深入研究了WebGIS的体系结构和构建模式等相关知识,为研制开发油气管道事故应急救援系统奠定了技术基础。
(3)以ESRI公司的ArcGIS产品为平台,提出了输油管道信息系统的构建方案:使用ArcGIS Desktop制作电子地图、使用ArcCatalog进行数据的组织,使用ArcSDE进行数据的导入和使用ArcServer生成地图服务,并对开发WebGIS系统的关键技术ASP.NET技术、C#技术等做了系统研究。
(4)根据油气管道事故应急救援系统的特点,进行了系统开发平台、总体结构、功能模块、数据库等的详细设计。
(5)最后,利用ASP.NET技术、ArcServer、ArcSDE、Microsoft SQLServer 2000等工具软件,开发出基于WebGIS的油气管道事故应急救援系统,并在抚顺——鲅鱼圈管线上得到应用,提高了油气输送管道的安全管理水平和救援决策能力。
With the development of oil and gas industry, the number and length of various oil and gas pipelines are increasing. Whether the old or new pipelines, there are various risk factors during operation: construction and material defects, design flaws, corrosion, third-party damage, geological disasters, misuse and so on. Once one or several factors led to the pipeline failure, the accident of leak, rupture, fire explosion and so on will occur. Pipeline accidents not only affect the normal operation, resulting in energy waste and economic loss, but also because of the transmission mediums’s polluting and dangerous, can also cause environmental pollution and enormous loss of life and property.Therefore, to enhance oil and gas pipeline emergency rescue system research has important social relevance.
Oil and gas pipeline emergency rescue and emergency decision-making process not only need the cooperation of lots of departments and personnel at all levels, but also need the support of the numerous geographic spatial data of pipeline and object.So modern information management tools and methods must be used.GIS can offer an suitable research methods and tools for the decision-making of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue.
Under the guidance of the theory of the oil and gas pipelines accident emergency rescue, this paper discussed that how to make use of GIS method to carry out the design, research and development of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system whose objective is to control the risk of oil and gas pipeline accident and to prevent the happen of oil and gas pipeline accident and reduce the loss.
After deeply studying the system of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system and the basis principle, technique characteristic, architecture, mode of WebGIS, we set the structure scheme of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system based on the software production of ArcGIS, and use the technique of ASP.NET and the C# language to develop the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system. The detailed research work of this paper is listed as the following:
(1) Deeply studied the related knowledge of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue, such as conception, basic principles, process and main content etc,and it laid a theoretical basis for the research and development of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system.
(2) Deeply studied the related knowledge of WebGIS, such as system structure and mode etc, and it laid a technical basis for the research and development of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system.
(3) Choosing ArcGIS which is one of products of ESRI, Inc. as our developing platform, set the structure scheme of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system, introduced the making measure of electronic map based on ArcGIS Desktop,data Organizing based on ArcCatalog, data importing based on ArcSDE, map service creating based on ArcServer,and also introduced the key technique of WebGIS developing, such as ASP.NET, C# etc.
(4) Designed system developing platform, system structure, function mode, database etc. based on the characteristic of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system.
(5)Finally, developed the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system using the technique of ASP.NET and softwares of ArcServer, ArcSDE, Microsoft SQL Server 2000 etc,and applied to the pipeline of FuShun——BaYuQuan which has improved the security of oil and gas pipeline management and rescue decision-making capacity.
油气管道事故应急救援和应急决策过程,涉及到多个部门和各级、各层次的人员,同时离不开管道周围的地理空间数据和具体对象空间数据的支持,其所需的数据资料是海量的,因此必须利用现代化的信息管理手段和方法进行管理。地理信息系统(GIS)技术为油气管道事故应急救援辅助决策提供了最适合的研究方法和手段。
论文探讨了如何利用网络地理信息系统的研究方法和手段,在油气管道事故应急救援理论的指导下,以油气管道事故风险控制为主线,以预防油气管道事故发生、降低事故损失为目标,进行油气管道事故应急救援系统的设计、研究和开发。
论文在对油气管道应急救援系统体系,WebGIS工作原理、技术特点、体系结构、工作模式等进行深入分析的基础上,以ArcGIS软件产品为平台,提出了油气管道事故应急救援系统的构建方案,利用ASP.NET技术,用C#语言开发了油气管道事故应急救援系统,具体研究内容如下:
(1)深入研究了油气管道应急响应救援的概念、基本原则、过程、主要内容等相关知识,为研制开发油气管道事故应急救援系统奠定了理论基础。
(2)深入研究了WebGIS的体系结构和构建模式等相关知识,为研制开发油气管道事故应急救援系统奠定了技术基础。
(3)以ESRI公司的ArcGIS产品为平台,提出了输油管道信息系统的构建方案:使用ArcGIS Desktop制作电子地图、使用ArcCatalog进行数据的组织,使用ArcSDE进行数据的导入和使用ArcServer生成地图服务,并对开发WebGIS系统的关键技术ASP.NET技术、C#技术等做了系统研究。
(4)根据油气管道事故应急救援系统的特点,进行了系统开发平台、总体结构、功能模块、数据库等的详细设计。
(5)最后,利用ASP.NET技术、ArcServer、ArcSDE、Microsoft SQLServer 2000等工具软件,开发出基于WebGIS的油气管道事故应急救援系统,并在抚顺——鲅鱼圈管线上得到应用,提高了油气输送管道的安全管理水平和救援决策能力。
With the development of oil and gas industry, the number and length of various oil and gas pipelines are increasing. Whether the old or new pipelines, there are various risk factors during operation: construction and material defects, design flaws, corrosion, third-party damage, geological disasters, misuse and so on. Once one or several factors led to the pipeline failure, the accident of leak, rupture, fire explosion and so on will occur. Pipeline accidents not only affect the normal operation, resulting in energy waste and economic loss, but also because of the transmission mediums’s polluting and dangerous, can also cause environmental pollution and enormous loss of life and property.Therefore, to enhance oil and gas pipeline emergency rescue system research has important social relevance.
Oil and gas pipeline emergency rescue and emergency decision-making process not only need the cooperation of lots of departments and personnel at all levels, but also need the support of the numerous geographic spatial data of pipeline and object.So modern information management tools and methods must be used.GIS can offer an suitable research methods and tools for the decision-making of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue.
Under the guidance of the theory of the oil and gas pipelines accident emergency rescue, this paper discussed that how to make use of GIS method to carry out the design, research and development of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system whose objective is to control the risk of oil and gas pipeline accident and to prevent the happen of oil and gas pipeline accident and reduce the loss.
After deeply studying the system of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system and the basis principle, technique characteristic, architecture, mode of WebGIS, we set the structure scheme of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system based on the software production of ArcGIS, and use the technique of ASP.NET and the C# language to develop the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system. The detailed research work of this paper is listed as the following:
(1) Deeply studied the related knowledge of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue, such as conception, basic principles, process and main content etc,and it laid a theoretical basis for the research and development of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system.
(2) Deeply studied the related knowledge of WebGIS, such as system structure and mode etc, and it laid a technical basis for the research and development of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system.
(3) Choosing ArcGIS which is one of products of ESRI, Inc. as our developing platform, set the structure scheme of the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system, introduced the making measure of electronic map based on ArcGIS Desktop,data Organizing based on ArcCatalog, data importing based on ArcSDE, map service creating based on ArcServer,and also introduced the key technique of WebGIS developing, such as ASP.NET, C# etc.
(4) Designed system developing platform, system structure, function mode, database etc. based on the characteristic of oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system.
(5)Finally, developed the oil and gas pipeline accident emergency rescue system using the technique of ASP.NET and softwares of ArcServer, ArcSDE, Microsoft SQL Server 2000 etc,and applied to the pipeline of FuShun——BaYuQuan which has improved the security of oil and gas pipeline management and rescue decision-making capacity.
引文
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[5]王昂生.建立“中国安全减灾及应急体系”势在必行[J].中国科学院院刊,2004,19(4):264～267.
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[8]牛蕴,周锡河,门晓棠等.现有评价方法在油气长输管道工程安全评价中的应用[J].工业安全与环保,2007,33(9):56～57.
[9]董玉华,高惠临.长输管线失效状况模糊故障树分析方法[J].石油学报,2002,23(4):85～89.
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[11]Ryder,A. Pipeline routing-experiences from Northern Scotland. Pipes Pipelines Int.1987,27(39):5～14.
[12]Yang Li. Control of spatial discretisation in coastal oil spill modeling, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 160 (2007) 1～11.
[13]Walter W. Chen, Ban-jwu Shih,Yi-Chih Chen, et al. Seismic response of natural gas and water pipelines in the Ji-Ji earthquake. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2002,22(1): 1209～1214.
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[15] Young-Do Jo,Bum Jong Ahn. A method of quantitative risk assessment for transmission pipeline carrying natural gas,Journal of Hazardous Materials A123 2005,1～12.
[16] W. Kent Muhlbauer Pipeline Risk Management Manual, Third Edition [M],Gulf Professional Publishing,Houston,Texas,2003.
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[18]赵强.基于GIS技术的市区级环境事故应急处置系统[J].遥感技术与应用,2002,17(5):245～249.
[19]石丽红.防范应急系统与GIS[J].应急系统,2003,(12):28～31.
[20]杨绪华,杨强,黎明等.基于GIS的管道风险评价分析与决策初步研究[J].宜宾学院学报,2004,3:110～112.
[21]赵新伟,李鹤林,罗金恒等.油气管道完整性管理技术及其进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(1):129～135.
[22]赵忠刚,姚安林,赵学芬.GIS技术在油气管道安全管理中的应用[J].管道技术与设备,2006,1:15～18.
[23]谢安俊.天然气管道应急救援系统及其信息技术[J].天然气工业,2006,26(5):115～116.
[24]司少先,李苏东,崔洪涛等.基于GIS的企业管道安全应急决策支持系统的设计研究[J].中国公共安全(综合版),2008,(3):158～159.
[25]吴宗之,刘茂.重大事故应急救援系统及预案导论[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003,4～5.
[26]幺璐璐.江苏省重大事故应急救援体系的建立与计算机管理系统的研制[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005.
[27]刘茂,吴宗之编著.应急救援概论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[28]刘茂,朱坦.城市公共安全应急救援系统的研究[J].中国发展,2003,(4):13～16.
[29]刘金鸿主编.特大生产安全事故应急救援预案编制与实施[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2004.
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