吩噻嗪衍生物在硫醇与碳纳米管修饰金电极上的伏安行为及测定
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摘要
吩噻嗪及其衍生物是一类具有抗抑郁作用的药物，广泛用于精神类疾病的治疗。有关其性质和功能及其测定方法的研究已有诸多报道。电化学方法简单、灵敏，在该类药物的研究中具有重要作用。本论文采用巯基自组装膜及碳纳米管修饰金电极对三氟拉嗪、氟奋乃静、丙氯拉嗪等几种吩噻嗪类药物的电化学行为进行了研究并提出了相应的伏安分析方法。具体研究内容包括下述几个方面：
(1)研究了三氟拉嗪在十烷基硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极(C_(10)H_(21)SH／Au SAM)上的电化学行为，发现三氟拉嗪能有效地在此修饰电极上富集并能在0.63 V(vs.SCE)左右产生一灵敏的阳极峰。该峰峰电流与三氟拉嗪浓度在一定范围内呈良好的线性关系，可用于实际样品的测定。十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对该峰有很强的增敏作用，而阳离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、有机溶剂均使峰电流急剧降低。在SDS存在下，0.63 V左右的阳极峰分裂成两个峰，电子转移由一步变为两步。由于三氟拉嗪进入膜内后难以分离，因此，该电极较难再生。
(2)将羧基化的多壁碳纳米管固定到3-巯基丙基-三甲氧基硅烷自组装膜修饰金电极上，制备出多壁碳纳米管／3-巯基丙基-三甲氧基硅烷双层修饰金电极(MWNTs／MPS／Au)。利用该修饰电极对氟奋乃静的电化学行为进行了研究，发现氟奋乃静在该电极上能有效富集并在0.78 V和0.93 V(vs.SCE)左右产生两个阳极峰。其中0.78 V的阳极峰比较灵敏，适合分析测定。将其用于药物制剂的测定，结果令人满意。该电极具有良好的抗干扰能力，容易再生。
(3)在十二烷基硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极表面，滴加微量羧基化的多壁碳纳米管，制备出多壁碳纳米管／十二烷基硫醇双层修饰金电极(MWNTs／DDT／Au)，对丙氯拉嗪在该双层修饰电极和十二烷基硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极上的电化学行为进行了比较研究。研究发现，该电极具有良好的稳定性及再生性，且制备程序相对(2)而言更为简单。与传统的碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极相比较，该电极的响应性能更好。同时，也提出了丙氯拉嗪在DDT／Au及MWNTs／DDT／Au两种修饰电极上的预富集机理。
Phenothiazine and its derivatives are a kind of antidepressive drugs and widely used in the treatment of psychotic diseases. There have been many reports about their characteristics and functions. Electrochemical methods are very important due to the simple procedures and high sensitivity. In this paper, the thiol self-assembled monolayers (SAM) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) modified gold electrodes were used to study the electrochemical behaviors of trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, prochlorperazine and their voltammetric determinations were proposed. The thesis includes the following researches:
(1) The electrochemical behavior of trifluoperazine at decanethiol self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes (i.e. C10H21SH/Au SAM) was studied. Trifluoperazine could effectively accumulate at this electrode and generate a sensitive anodic peak at about 0.63 V (vs. SCE). The anodic peak current was linear to trifluoperazine concentrations over a certain range. This method was successfully applied to the determination of trifluoperazine in drug samples. In addition, it was found that SDS could make the anodic peak current increase while cation surfactants, nonionic surfactants and organic solvents make it reduce greatly. In the presence of SDS, the peak at about 0.63 V turned into two peaks, suggesting the electron transfer changed from one-step to two-step. Because trifluoperazine could not easily get out of the monolayer, the regeneration of this electrode was rather difficult.
(2) The carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes were immobilized on the (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes. Thus a novel MWNTs/MPS/Au bilayer modified electrode was fabricated. By means of this electrode, the electrochemical behavior of fluphenazine was studied and it was found that fluphenazine could effectively accumulate at this bilayer modified electrode and generate two anodic peaks at about 0.78 V and 0.93 V (vs. SCE) respectively. The peak at 0.78 V was more sensitive and fit for the analysis. This method was applied to the determination and the result was satisfying. This electrode had good selectivity and could be easily regenerated.
(3) Minor amount of carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes was dropped on the surface of the dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes. Thus the MWNTs/DDT/Au bilayer modified electrode was fabricated. The electrochemical behaviors
of prochlorperazine at the two different modified electrodes were comparatively investigated. It was found that the bilayer modified electrode had good stability and reproducibility. Compared with (2), the preparation of the bilayer modified electrodes was much simpler. In comparison with the traditional GNTs modified glassy carbon electrodes, the response of the bilayer modified electrode was more sensitive. Meanwhilei the different accumulation mechanisms of prochlorperazine at DDT/Au and MWNTs/DDT/Au were proposed.
(1)研究了三氟拉嗪在十烷基硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极(C_(10)H_(21)SH／Au SAM)上的电化学行为，发现三氟拉嗪能有效地在此修饰电极上富集并能在0.63 V(vs.SCE)左右产生一灵敏的阳极峰。该峰峰电流与三氟拉嗪浓度在一定范围内呈良好的线性关系，可用于实际样品的测定。十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对该峰有很强的增敏作用，而阳离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、有机溶剂均使峰电流急剧降低。在SDS存在下，0.63 V左右的阳极峰分裂成两个峰，电子转移由一步变为两步。由于三氟拉嗪进入膜内后难以分离，因此，该电极较难再生。
(2)将羧基化的多壁碳纳米管固定到3-巯基丙基-三甲氧基硅烷自组装膜修饰金电极上，制备出多壁碳纳米管／3-巯基丙基-三甲氧基硅烷双层修饰金电极(MWNTs／MPS／Au)。利用该修饰电极对氟奋乃静的电化学行为进行了研究，发现氟奋乃静在该电极上能有效富集并在0.78 V和0.93 V(vs.SCE)左右产生两个阳极峰。其中0.78 V的阳极峰比较灵敏，适合分析测定。将其用于药物制剂的测定，结果令人满意。该电极具有良好的抗干扰能力，容易再生。
(3)在十二烷基硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极表面，滴加微量羧基化的多壁碳纳米管，制备出多壁碳纳米管／十二烷基硫醇双层修饰金电极(MWNTs／DDT／Au)，对丙氯拉嗪在该双层修饰电极和十二烷基硫醇自组装膜修饰金电极上的电化学行为进行了比较研究。研究发现，该电极具有良好的稳定性及再生性，且制备程序相对(2)而言更为简单。与传统的碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极相比较，该电极的响应性能更好。同时，也提出了丙氯拉嗪在DDT／Au及MWNTs／DDT／Au两种修饰电极上的预富集机理。
Phenothiazine and its derivatives are a kind of antidepressive drugs and widely used in the treatment of psychotic diseases. There have been many reports about their characteristics and functions. Electrochemical methods are very important due to the simple procedures and high sensitivity. In this paper, the thiol self-assembled monolayers (SAM) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) modified gold electrodes were used to study the electrochemical behaviors of trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, prochlorperazine and their voltammetric determinations were proposed. The thesis includes the following researches:
(1) The electrochemical behavior of trifluoperazine at decanethiol self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes (i.e. C10H21SH/Au SAM) was studied. Trifluoperazine could effectively accumulate at this electrode and generate a sensitive anodic peak at about 0.63 V (vs. SCE). The anodic peak current was linear to trifluoperazine concentrations over a certain range. This method was successfully applied to the determination of trifluoperazine in drug samples. In addition, it was found that SDS could make the anodic peak current increase while cation surfactants, nonionic surfactants and organic solvents make it reduce greatly. In the presence of SDS, the peak at about 0.63 V turned into two peaks, suggesting the electron transfer changed from one-step to two-step. Because trifluoperazine could not easily get out of the monolayer, the regeneration of this electrode was rather difficult.
(2) The carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes were immobilized on the (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes. Thus a novel MWNTs/MPS/Au bilayer modified electrode was fabricated. By means of this electrode, the electrochemical behavior of fluphenazine was studied and it was found that fluphenazine could effectively accumulate at this bilayer modified electrode and generate two anodic peaks at about 0.78 V and 0.93 V (vs. SCE) respectively. The peak at 0.78 V was more sensitive and fit for the analysis. This method was applied to the determination and the result was satisfying. This electrode had good selectivity and could be easily regenerated.
(3) Minor amount of carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes was dropped on the surface of the dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes. Thus the MWNTs/DDT/Au bilayer modified electrode was fabricated. The electrochemical behaviors
of prochlorperazine at the two different modified electrodes were comparatively investigated. It was found that the bilayer modified electrode had good stability and reproducibility. Compared with (2), the preparation of the bilayer modified electrodes was much simpler. In comparison with the traditional GNTs modified glassy carbon electrodes, the response of the bilayer modified electrode was more sensitive. Meanwhilei the different accumulation mechanisms of prochlorperazine at DDT/Au and MWNTs/DDT/Au were proposed.
引文
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