圆柱形水力旋流器筛分纸浆纤维的实验研究
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摘要
用圆柱形水力旋流器对纸浆纤维进行了筛分实验。研究了进料量Qf和分流比R(溢流与进料量之比)对筛分的影响。应用纤维质量分析仪对不同浆流的纤维的长度进行了测定并计算了纤维的长度分布密度f。实验研究发现当用水力旋流器分流后，在溢流液中长纤维增加了而在底流液中短纤维增加了。并且还发现当分流比在0.12—0.16之间时分流效果比较好。
提出了新的筛分评价指标-溢流纤维筛分指数M、底流纤维筛分指数N、总纤维筛分指数F来评价筛分效果。研究结果表明，分流比是对纤维筛分效果影响最显著的因素，进料量对筛分的效果影响程度较小。对M、N、F结果的分析表明，M越大溢流中的较长纤维所占比例较大，N越大底流中较短纤维所占比例较大，F越大表示水力旋流器的筛分效果越明显。
Fractionation of softwood pulp fiber were carried out with a cylindrical hydrocyclone. The effects of feed rate and split ratio (overflow rate to feed rate ratio) on fractionation of pulp fiber are studied. Pulp fiber length characterization in different streams have been examined using FQA, and the fiber length fractionation density function f is calculated and the separation index H(L) is used to evaluate fiber fractionation performance for different streams. It is shown that, the split ratio is the most significant parameter for fiber fractionation performance and the fractionation performance is excellent with split ratio in the range between 0.12 and 0.16. There is a high proportion of fibers longer than the critical fiber length in the overflow stream, and there is a high proportion of fibers shorter than the critical fiber length in the underflow stream.
Defining three new indexes-the overflow separation index M , the underflow separation index N and the total separation index F are used to evaluate fiber fractionation performance for different streams. It is shown that, the split ratio is the most significant parameter for fiber fractionation performance .But the effect of feed rate on fiber fractionation performance is weak..Results of M, N, F have show that , there is a high proportion of longer fiber in the overflow when M is higher , there is a high proportion of shorter fiber in the underflow when N is higher and there will be a good fiber fractionation performance when F is higher.
提出了新的筛分评价指标-溢流纤维筛分指数M、底流纤维筛分指数N、总纤维筛分指数F来评价筛分效果。研究结果表明，分流比是对纤维筛分效果影响最显著的因素，进料量对筛分的效果影响程度较小。对M、N、F结果的分析表明，M越大溢流中的较长纤维所占比例较大，N越大底流中较短纤维所占比例较大，F越大表示水力旋流器的筛分效果越明显。
Fractionation of softwood pulp fiber were carried out with a cylindrical hydrocyclone. The effects of feed rate and split ratio (overflow rate to feed rate ratio) on fractionation of pulp fiber are studied. Pulp fiber length characterization in different streams have been examined using FQA, and the fiber length fractionation density function f is calculated and the separation index H(L) is used to evaluate fiber fractionation performance for different streams. It is shown that, the split ratio is the most significant parameter for fiber fractionation performance and the fractionation performance is excellent with split ratio in the range between 0.12 and 0.16. There is a high proportion of fibers longer than the critical fiber length in the overflow stream, and there is a high proportion of fibers shorter than the critical fiber length in the underflow stream.
Defining three new indexes-the overflow separation index M , the underflow separation index N and the total separation index F are used to evaluate fiber fractionation performance for different streams. It is shown that, the split ratio is the most significant parameter for fiber fractionation performance .But the effect of feed rate on fiber fractionation performance is weak..Results of M, N, F have show that , there is a high proportion of longer fiber in the overflow when M is higher , there is a high proportion of shorter fiber in the underflow when N is higher and there will be a good fiber fractionation performance when F is higher.
引文
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[2] Claxton D.Svarovsky L.,Thew M.(ed). Hydrocyclones 96,London and Bury St. Edmunds(UK):Mechanical Engineering Publications Limited, 1996.123-184
[3] Pericleous KA., Process Eng.,1985. June57-58
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[6] 钟灵，水力旋流器筛分机理探讨，过滤与分离，2001．11
[7] Lewis WK．et al., Ind. Eng. Chem, 1949,(41): 1104
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[10] 锗良银，水力旋流器应用开发进展，过滤与分离．1998．1
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[12] Li, M.; Johnston, R.; Xu, L.; Filonenko, Y.; Parker, I, "Characterization of hydrocyclone-separated eucalypt fibre fractions", Journal of Pulp and Paper Science.-1999.25(8).-299-304
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[19] Hsien KT，国外金属选矿，1989，(8)：19-24
[20] 李琼，水力旋流器流场规律研究：[硕士学位论文]，成都：成都科技大学．1991．4．
[21] 常向东，周明来，水力旋流器的结构参数对筛分效率的影响，重庆石油高等专科学校，2002．4
[22] M. D. Slack, R. O. Prasad, A. Bakker and F. Boysan, "Advances in Cyclone Modeling Using Unstructured Grids", Trans IchemE, 78(Part A): 1098-1104(2000)
[23] 庞学诗[J]，国外金属选矿，1988．(8)15-21
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[26] Anon，文林译。矿山机械，1988，9：32～35
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[28] Trawinski HF.In:Proc. Confi On Hydrocyclones, BHRA,Cranfield: Oct. 1980.83～98
[29] L．斯瓦罗夫斯基著。固液分离。朱企业新译，第2版。北京：化学工业出版社，1990
[30] Restarick CJ. Int. J. of Miner. Process 1989,26 (3/4) : 165～179
[31] Restarick CJ.Minerals Eingineering. 1991,4 (3/4) :279～288
[32] Bruce DA.,Lloye CL, Leizear WR ,Delenikos RD. Filtration & Separation. 1983,20 (30) :218～220
[33] Yuan H. In: Proc 4th Int Conf. On Hydrocyclones. Southampton (UK) :Sept. 1992
[34] 郭荣．水力旋流器湍动两相流运动规律及其分离性能实测研究：[硕士学位沦文]．成都：四川联合大学，1996
[35] 王洪涛．充气水力旋流器分级性能与浮选性能的研究：[硕士学位论文]．北京：北京钢铁学院，1986．5
[36] Miller JD. US 4279743, July 1981
[37] Svarovsky L. Hydrocyclones.London, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Ltd. 1984
[38] Srtlill KR. E&MJ. 1988. (1): 46-47
[39] 陈景仁．湍流模型及有限分析法．上海：上海交通大学出版社，1989．22
[40] Rotta J.C.,Zeitsch fur Physik. 1951,129 : 547
[41] Larsson T. In: Proc 1st Int Conf. on Hydrocyclones, Cambridge, UK:Oct. 1980.88-97
[42] PDA User's Manual 3, DANTEC Inc. 1990
[43] Plitt L. R. CIM Bulletin. 1976(12):114-122
[44] Kelsall D. F. Chem Eng. Sci. 1953, (2):254-272
[45] Miller JD. US 4399027. Aug. 16 1983
[46] Anon. World Mining Equipment. 1987, (7): 34-35
[47] Janvary. Offshore Services and Technology. Sept. 1980:2, 14, 16, 17
[48] Lin IJ. Separation Science & Technology. 1987, 22(4):1327-1347
[49] 褚良银，陈文梅．矿冶工程．1993，13(1)：39-43
[50] 褚良银，陈文梅．有色矿冶．1993，9(4)：15-18
[51] 褚良银，陈文梅．化工装各技术．1992，13(4)：1-4
[52] Lin IJ , Finkelstein NP. J. S. A. Inst. Min. Metall. Oct. 1975: 111-112
[53] Lin IJ , Fujita T. Magnetohydrodynamics , 1991, 27 (1): 38-43
[54] Anon. World Mining Equipment. 1981, 8(25) :70-80
[55] CondoliosE., Dulou J. Ind. Miner. Techn. 1984. 3:179-191
[56] Anon．国外选矿技术快报．1987，(2)：20，10
[57] 刘一横．分离用水力旋流器性能研究：[硕士学位论文]．成都：成都科技大学，1980
[58] Xu Ji-Run, Luo qian, Qiu Ji-Chun. Int. J. Miner. Process. 1991, 31: 1-10
[59] 王洪涛．充气水力旋流器分级性能与浮选性能的研究：[硕士学位论文]．北京：北京钢铁学院，1986．5
[60] 褚良银，充气水力旋流器分选过程行为研究及应用开发：[博士学位论文]．沈阳：东北大学，1994．11
[61] Williamson R. D. Separation Science & Technology. 1983, 18:1395
[62] Dai Guangqing, Chen Wenmei, Su xiaodong. Modem Techniques and Measurements in Fluid Flows. International Academic Publishers, 1994.33
[63] 波瓦罗夫．水力旋流器．北京：中国工业出版社，1985
[64] Chu Liang-Yin, Chen Wen-Mei. Separation Science & Technology. 1993, 28(10) : 1875-1886
[65] Trawinski'HF. Engng. Min. J. 1976, 177 (9): 115-127
[66] Bruce DA., Lloye CL, Leizear WR, Delenikos RD. Filtration & Separation.
1983, 20 (30): 218-220
[67] Boadway JD. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Hydrocyclones,Bath, England: Sept. 1984.99-108
[68] Arato E G. Filtration& Separation. May/June 1984:181-182
[69] Adams R. W. In Proc. Int. Conf. on Hydrocyclones. Cambridge: 1-3 October. 1980. Paper 8:99-112
[70] Apling A. C. In: Int. Conf. on Hydrocyclones. Cambridge: 1980, 1-3 October. Paper 9,113
[71] Sheldon G. L, J. Basic Eng. 1970, 92D: 639-653
[2] Claxton D.Svarovsky L.,Thew M.(ed). Hydrocyclones 96,London and Bury St. Edmunds(UK):Mechanical Engineering Publications Limited, 1996.123-184
[3] Pericleous KA., Process Eng.,1985. June57-58
[4] Bretney E, US453105, 1891
[5] William F. Eckert, Jacob H. Masliyah, and Artin Afacan, "Fractionation of softwood TMP by flotation" ,TAPPI, 80(5): 210-216 (1997)
[6] 钟灵，水力旋流器筛分机理探讨，过滤与分离，2001．11
[7] Lewis WK．et al., Ind. Eng. Chem, 1949,(41): 1104
[8] 白井隆，流动层，日本：科学技术社，1958
[9] Gavelin, G., Backman, J., "Fractionation with Hydrocyclone", TAPPI Pulping Conference, proceedings, 753-774, 1991
[10] 锗良银，水力旋流器应用开发进展，过滤与分离．1998．1
[11] Xiaojiang Lu, Shijie Liu. Evaluation if A Cylindrical Hydrocyclone for Softwood BC TMP Pulp Fractionation
[12] Li, M.; Johnston, R.; Xu, L.; Filonenko, Y.; Parker, I, "Characterization of hydrocyclone-separated eucalypt fibre fractions", Journal of Pulp and Paper Science.-1999.25(8).-299-304
[13] Shijie Liu, Zhengxiang Zhu, Wei Li, Artin Afacan and Jacob H. Masligah, "Kraft Wood-Pulp Fiber Fractionation with Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone", PAPTAC Montreal, Canada, Annual Meeting, January 28-31,2002
[14] R. Branion, S-L. Ho, T. Rehmat, E. Sevilla, "Fiber Fractionation in Hydrocyclone" , Proceedings 6th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, Melbourne, Australia, 23-27, Oct., 2001
[15] 熊广爱，有色金属(选矿部分)，1982．7
[16] Kelsall DF. Trans., IcHEMe, 1952, (30:87-104)
[17] IIIMA，国外余属选矿，1983，(12)：11-14
[18] 徐继润、罗芊，有色金属(选矿部分)，1985，(5)：10-15
[19] Hsien KT，国外金属选矿，1989，(8)：19-24
[20] 李琼，水力旋流器流场规律研究：[硕士学位论文]，成都：成都科技大学．1991．4．
[21] 常向东，周明来，水力旋流器的结构参数对筛分效率的影响，重庆石油高等专科学校，2002．4
[22] M. D. Slack, R. O. Prasad, A. Bakker and F. Boysan, "Advances in Cyclone Modeling Using Unstructured Grids", Trans IchemE, 78(Part A): 1098-1104(2000)
[23] 庞学诗[J]，国外金属选矿，1988．(8)15-21
[24] 庞学诗[J]，国外金属选矿，1992．(5)15-24
[25] 柳吉祥，旋转流分选的理论及应用。北京：煤炭工业出版社，1985
[26] Anon，文林译。矿山机械，1988，9：32～35
[27] Trawinski HF. Technical note dated 26 March 1982. Amberge Kaolinwerke, Hirschau,West Germany, 1982
[28] Trawinski HF.In:Proc. Confi On Hydrocyclones, BHRA,Cranfield: Oct. 1980.83～98
[29] L．斯瓦罗夫斯基著。固液分离。朱企业新译，第2版。北京：化学工业出版社，1990
[30] Restarick CJ. Int. J. of Miner. Process 1989,26 (3/4) : 165～179
[31] Restarick CJ.Minerals Eingineering. 1991,4 (3/4) :279～288
[32] Bruce DA.,Lloye CL, Leizear WR ,Delenikos RD. Filtration & Separation. 1983,20 (30) :218～220
[33] Yuan H. In: Proc 4th Int Conf. On Hydrocyclones. Southampton (UK) :Sept. 1992
[34] 郭荣．水力旋流器湍动两相流运动规律及其分离性能实测研究：[硕士学位沦文]．成都：四川联合大学，1996
[35] 王洪涛．充气水力旋流器分级性能与浮选性能的研究：[硕士学位论文]．北京：北京钢铁学院，1986．5
[36] Miller JD. US 4279743, July 1981
[37] Svarovsky L. Hydrocyclones.London, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Ltd. 1984
[38] Srtlill KR. E&MJ. 1988. (1): 46-47
[39] 陈景仁．湍流模型及有限分析法．上海：上海交通大学出版社，1989．22
[40] Rotta J.C.,Zeitsch fur Physik. 1951,129 : 547
[41] Larsson T. In: Proc 1st Int Conf. on Hydrocyclones, Cambridge, UK:Oct. 1980.88-97
[42] PDA User's Manual 3, DANTEC Inc. 1990
[43] Plitt L. R. CIM Bulletin. 1976(12):114-122
[44] Kelsall D. F. Chem Eng. Sci. 1953, (2):254-272
[45] Miller JD. US 4399027. Aug. 16 1983
[46] Anon. World Mining Equipment. 1987, (7): 34-35
[47] Janvary. Offshore Services and Technology. Sept. 1980:2, 14, 16, 17
[48] Lin IJ. Separation Science & Technology. 1987, 22(4):1327-1347
[49] 褚良银，陈文梅．矿冶工程．1993，13(1)：39-43
[50] 褚良银，陈文梅．有色矿冶．1993，9(4)：15-18
[51] 褚良银，陈文梅．化工装各技术．1992，13(4)：1-4
[52] Lin IJ , Finkelstein NP. J. S. A. Inst. Min. Metall. Oct. 1975: 111-112
[53] Lin IJ , Fujita T. Magnetohydrodynamics , 1991, 27 (1): 38-43
[54] Anon. World Mining Equipment. 1981, 8(25) :70-80
[55] CondoliosE., Dulou J. Ind. Miner. Techn. 1984. 3:179-191
[56] Anon．国外选矿技术快报．1987，(2)：20，10
[57] 刘一横．分离用水力旋流器性能研究：[硕士学位论文]．成都：成都科技大学，1980
[58] Xu Ji-Run, Luo qian, Qiu Ji-Chun. Int. J. Miner. Process. 1991, 31: 1-10
[59] 王洪涛．充气水力旋流器分级性能与浮选性能的研究：[硕士学位论文]．北京：北京钢铁学院，1986．5
[60] 褚良银，充气水力旋流器分选过程行为研究及应用开发：[博士学位论文]．沈阳：东北大学，1994．11
[61] Williamson R. D. Separation Science & Technology. 1983, 18:1395
[62] Dai Guangqing, Chen Wenmei, Su xiaodong. Modem Techniques and Measurements in Fluid Flows. International Academic Publishers, 1994.33
[63] 波瓦罗夫．水力旋流器．北京：中国工业出版社，1985
[64] Chu Liang-Yin, Chen Wen-Mei. Separation Science & Technology. 1993, 28(10) : 1875-1886
[65] Trawinski'HF. Engng. Min. J. 1976, 177 (9): 115-127
[66] Bruce DA., Lloye CL, Leizear WR, Delenikos RD. Filtration & Separation.
1983, 20 (30): 218-220
[67] Boadway JD. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Hydrocyclones,Bath, England: Sept. 1984.99-108
[68] Arato E G. Filtration& Separation. May/June 1984:181-182
[69] Adams R. W. In Proc. Int. Conf. on Hydrocyclones. Cambridge: 1-3 October. 1980. Paper 8:99-112
[70] Apling A. C. In: Int. Conf. on Hydrocyclones. Cambridge: 1980, 1-3 October. Paper 9,113
[71] Sheldon G. L, J. Basic Eng. 1970, 92D: 639-653