基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成研究
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摘要
基于CAD模型的数控代码自动生成是CAM领域的前沿课题。本文从企业的需求出发,对该问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成方法,并开发了一个原型系统进行验证。
本文的文章组织结构为:
第一章首先介绍与本文相关的研究工作,接着分析现有NC代码生成方法存在的问题,最后给出本文的研究目标和主要研究内容。
第二章首先对基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成系统进行需求分析,接着阐述整个系统的系统架构和实现系统的关键技术。
第三章给出加工特征和UG中加工方法之间的映射方法。首先介绍先前开发的特征识别系统里支持的主要加工特征类型和UG系统中提供的主要加工方法,接着描述加工特征在UG中的重建方法,最后给出加工特征和UG中加工方法的映射方法。
第四章给出一种针对型腔的刀具优化选择方法。首先介绍有关型腔加工刀具选择的主要研究工作,接着给出一种多型腔加工刀具选择算法及其实验结果。
第五章介绍基于以上研究成果开发的一个基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成原型系统,并给出使用工厂里的实际零件模型对该系统进行测试的结果。
作者在第六章对全文进行了总结,阐明了本文所提基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成系统的特点,指出了该算法尚存在的不足与问题,并对今后的研究工作进行了展望。
In the recent years, the automatic generation of NC code has been paid more and more attentions. According to the demand of enterprises, an approach to automatic generation of NC code based on machining features and UG is proposed in this thesis. In order to validate the proposed approach, a prototype system is developed and some test results are given.The thesis is organized as follows:Chapter 1 introduces the related work first, then points out the main problems of the current NC code generation methods, and finally ends with the objectives and primary research contents of this thesis.Chapter 2 introduces the requirement analysis of machining features and UG based automatic generation of NC code first, and then presents the framework of proposed approach.Chapter 3 presents an approach to mapping between the machining features recognized and the machining methods provided by UGChapter 4 presents a new method of selecting optimal tools for machining multiple pockets and gives some test results.Chapter 5 describes the implementation of the prototype system of machining features and UG based automatic generation of NC code.The final chapter summarizes the main results and makes conclusions of the thesis. Some future research work is also described.
本文的文章组织结构为:
第一章首先介绍与本文相关的研究工作,接着分析现有NC代码生成方法存在的问题,最后给出本文的研究目标和主要研究内容。
第二章首先对基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成系统进行需求分析,接着阐述整个系统的系统架构和实现系统的关键技术。
第三章给出加工特征和UG中加工方法之间的映射方法。首先介绍先前开发的特征识别系统里支持的主要加工特征类型和UG系统中提供的主要加工方法,接着描述加工特征在UG中的重建方法,最后给出加工特征和UG中加工方法的映射方法。
第四章给出一种针对型腔的刀具优化选择方法。首先介绍有关型腔加工刀具选择的主要研究工作,接着给出一种多型腔加工刀具选择算法及其实验结果。
第五章介绍基于以上研究成果开发的一个基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成原型系统,并给出使用工厂里的实际零件模型对该系统进行测试的结果。
作者在第六章对全文进行了总结,阐明了本文所提基于加工特征和UG的NC代码自动生成系统的特点,指出了该算法尚存在的不足与问题,并对今后的研究工作进行了展望。
In the recent years, the automatic generation of NC code has been paid more and more attentions. According to the demand of enterprises, an approach to automatic generation of NC code based on machining features and UG is proposed in this thesis. In order to validate the proposed approach, a prototype system is developed and some test results are given.The thesis is organized as follows:Chapter 1 introduces the related work first, then points out the main problems of the current NC code generation methods, and finally ends with the objectives and primary research contents of this thesis.Chapter 2 introduces the requirement analysis of machining features and UG based automatic generation of NC code first, and then presents the framework of proposed approach.Chapter 3 presents an approach to mapping between the machining features recognized and the machining methods provided by UGChapter 4 presents a new method of selecting optimal tools for machining multiple pockets and gives some test results.Chapter 5 describes the implementation of the prototype system of machining features and UG based automatic generation of NC code.The final chapter summarizes the main results and makes conclusions of the thesis. Some future research work is also described.
引文
[Huikang 2002] Huikang K. Miao, Nandakumar Sridharan, J. J. Shah. CAD-CAM integration using machining features. Computer Integrated Manufacturing. 2002, 15(4): 296-318.
[Ho 1997] Chih-cheng Ho. Feature-based Process Planning and Automatic Numerical Control Programming. Doctor thesis of Utah University. 1997.12.
[J. Shah 1995] Jami J.Shah, Martti Mantyla。Parametric and Feature-Based CAD/CAM : Concepts, Techniques, and Applications (Hardcover), Wiley-Interscience, 1995
[高曙明 1998] 高曙明。自动特征识别技术综述。计算机学报。1998,Vol.21,No.3:281-288。
[张凤军 2002] 张凤军。具有健壮性的加工特征识别系统研究及其应用。浙江大学博士后研究工作报告。2002年6月。
[吴立军 2004] 吴立军。UGCAM概述。摸具工程。2004.NO.9:55-58。
[李法新 2002] 李法新。基于CAD/CAM的数控加工自动编程系统的设计。大连铁道学院硕士学位论文。2002年3月。
[赵芳 2004] 赵芳。基于UG的ISO13584零件库几何编程接口实现。西北工业大学硕士学位论文。2004年1月。
[周俊卿 2004] 周俊卿。特征技术在CAPP中的应用研究。南京理工大学硕士学位论文。2004年3月。
[姜杉 2003] 姜杉。基于特征零件结构并行设计技术研究。天津大学硕士学位论文。2003年12月。
[刘雄伟 2000] 刘雄伟等。数控加工理论与编程技术(第二版),北京,机械工业出版社,2000。
[李超 2005] 李超等。数控加工实例(第一版),沈阳,辽宁科学技术出版社,2005。
[董正卫 2002] 董正卫,田立中,付宜利。UG/OPEN API编程基础(第一版), 北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[黄翔 2005] 黄翔,李迎光。UG应用开发教程与实例精解(第一版),北京,清华大学出版社,2005
[王庆林 2002] 王庆林。UG/Open GRIP实用编程基础(第一版),北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[洪如瑾 2002] 洪如瑾。UG CAD快速入门指导(第一版),北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[孙家广 2000] 孙家广。计算机辅助设计技术基础(第二版),北京,清华大学出版社,2000
[姚英学 2002] 姚英学,蔡颖。计算机辅助设计与制造(第一版),北京,高等教育出版社,2002
[唐荣锡 1994] 唐荣锡。CAD/CAM技术(第一版),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,1994
[欧长劲 2003] 欧长劲。CAD/CAM技术(第一版),浙江,浙江科学技术出版社,2003
[T.Lim 2000] T.Lim, J.Corney, D.E.R.Clark.Exact Tool Sizing for Feature Accessibility. Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2000,16:791-802.
[K.Preiss 1983] K.Preiss, E.Kaplanski. Automatic mill routing from solid geometry information. Computer Applications in Production and Engineering. 1983:773-784.
[Bala M 1991] Bala M, Chang T. Automatic cutter selection and cutter path generation for prismatic parts. Int J Prod Res 1991;29(11):2163-76.
[Kunwoo L 1994] Kunwoo L, Kim T, Hong S. Generation oftoolpath with selection of proper tools for rough cutting. Comput Aided Des 1994;26(11): 163-80.
[Lee Y 1995] Lee Y, Chang T. Application of computational geometry in optimization of 2.5 d and 3d nc surface machining. Comput Ind 1995;26(1):41-59.
[M.C.Wu 1995] M.C. Wu and C. R. Liu, "Analysis on machined feature Recognition techniques based on B-rep", Computer-Aided Design, 28, pp. 603-616, 1995.
[T.Dereli 1997] T. Dereli and I. H. Filiz, "Selection of alternative cutting tools for part features of prismatic components and their effects on operation sequence", 5th International Conference on FACTORY 2000, IEE Conference Publications, 2-4b April, vol. 435, pp. 170-177,1997.
[Veeramani D 1997] Veeramani D, Gau Y. Selection of an optimal set of cutting Tool sizes for 2.5d pocket machining. Comput Aided Des 1997;29(12):869-77.
[Chen 1998] Chen Y, Lee Y, Fang S. Optimal cutter selection and Machining plane determination for process planning. J Manuf Syst 1998;17(5):371-88.
[Joneja 2001] Joneja A, Zhu S. Greedy tool heuristic for rough milling of complex pockets. In: Proceedings of the ASME-DETC Conferece, Pittsburg, PA;2001.
[Roshan 2006] Roshan M.D'Souza. Tool Sequence Selection for 2.5D Pockets with Uneven Stock. Computing and Information Science in Engineering. 2006, 6(33): 33-39.
[Manseung 2005] Manseung Seo, Haeryung Kim, Masahiko Onosato. Systematic Approach to Contour-Parallel Tool Path Generation of 2.5D Pocket with Islands. Computer-Aided Design, 2005,2(1) :213-222.
[Jaekoo 1999] Jaekoo Joo, Hyunbo Cho, Efficient Sculptured Pocket Machining Using Feature Extraction and conversion. Manufacturing Systems, 1999,18(2):100-112.
[Roshan 2002] Roshan M.D'Souza, Paul K.Wright, Carlo Sequin. Handling Tool Holder Collision in Optional Tool Sequence Selection for 2.5D Pocket Machining. Computing and Information Science in Engineering. 2002,2: 345-349.
[Roshan 2002] Roshan M.D'Souza, Wright Paul, Sequin Carlo. Automated Microplanning for 2.5D Pocket Machining. Manufacturing Systems,2001, 20(4):288-296.
[Lim 2000] T.Lim, J.Corney, J.M.Ritchie, D.E.R.Clark. Optimising Automatic Tool Selection for 2.5D Components. Proceeding of DETC'OO ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. 2000,2(4):288-288.
[Roshan 2004] Roshan M.D'Souza, Carlo Sequin, Paul K.Wright. Automated Tool Sequence Selection for 3-axis Machining of Freeform Pockets. Computer-Aided Design, 2004, 36:595-605.
[方向 2000] 方向,彭群生,郑家骧。2.5轴复杂型腔的刀位轨迹生成算法。工程图学学报,2000年第1期。
[王玉 2004] 王玉,徐和国,高崇辉,黄建中。含雕塑曲面和岛的模具型腔粗加工刀具组合优化方法。机械工程学报,2004年第12期。
[徐和国 2004] 徐和国,王玉,周雄辉。基于实体模型的计算机辅助刀具选择系统型腔。上海交通大学学报,2005年第1月,第39卷第1期。
[花广如 2005] 花广如,赵丽香,周雄辉,徐和国。模具3D型腔粗铣加工中刀具优化选择研究。机械制造,2004年43卷第485期。
[王玉 2004] 王玉,高崇辉,徐和国。模具型腔数控加工计算机辅助刀具选择研究。机械工程学报,2004年第2期。
[网址a] http://www.icax.cn.
[网址b] http://www.icad.com.cn.
[网址c] http://www.spatial.com.
[Ho 1997] Chih-cheng Ho. Feature-based Process Planning and Automatic Numerical Control Programming. Doctor thesis of Utah University. 1997.12.
[J. Shah 1995] Jami J.Shah, Martti Mantyla。Parametric and Feature-Based CAD/CAM : Concepts, Techniques, and Applications (Hardcover), Wiley-Interscience, 1995
[高曙明 1998] 高曙明。自动特征识别技术综述。计算机学报。1998,Vol.21,No.3:281-288。
[张凤军 2002] 张凤军。具有健壮性的加工特征识别系统研究及其应用。浙江大学博士后研究工作报告。2002年6月。
[吴立军 2004] 吴立军。UGCAM概述。摸具工程。2004.NO.9:55-58。
[李法新 2002] 李法新。基于CAD/CAM的数控加工自动编程系统的设计。大连铁道学院硕士学位论文。2002年3月。
[赵芳 2004] 赵芳。基于UG的ISO13584零件库几何编程接口实现。西北工业大学硕士学位论文。2004年1月。
[周俊卿 2004] 周俊卿。特征技术在CAPP中的应用研究。南京理工大学硕士学位论文。2004年3月。
[姜杉 2003] 姜杉。基于特征零件结构并行设计技术研究。天津大学硕士学位论文。2003年12月。
[刘雄伟 2000] 刘雄伟等。数控加工理论与编程技术(第二版),北京,机械工业出版社,2000。
[李超 2005] 李超等。数控加工实例(第一版),沈阳,辽宁科学技术出版社,2005。
[董正卫 2002] 董正卫,田立中,付宜利。UG/OPEN API编程基础(第一版), 北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[黄翔 2005] 黄翔,李迎光。UG应用开发教程与实例精解(第一版),北京,清华大学出版社,2005
[王庆林 2002] 王庆林。UG/Open GRIP实用编程基础(第一版),北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[洪如瑾 2002] 洪如瑾。UG CAD快速入门指导(第一版),北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[孙家广 2000] 孙家广。计算机辅助设计技术基础(第二版),北京,清华大学出版社,2000
[姚英学 2002] 姚英学,蔡颖。计算机辅助设计与制造(第一版),北京,高等教育出版社,2002
[唐荣锡 1994] 唐荣锡。CAD/CAM技术(第一版),北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,1994
[欧长劲 2003] 欧长劲。CAD/CAM技术(第一版),浙江,浙江科学技术出版社,2003
[T.Lim 2000] T.Lim, J.Corney, D.E.R.Clark.Exact Tool Sizing for Feature Accessibility. Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2000,16:791-802.
[K.Preiss 1983] K.Preiss, E.Kaplanski. Automatic mill routing from solid geometry information. Computer Applications in Production and Engineering. 1983:773-784.
[Bala M 1991] Bala M, Chang T. Automatic cutter selection and cutter path generation for prismatic parts. Int J Prod Res 1991;29(11):2163-76.
[Kunwoo L 1994] Kunwoo L, Kim T, Hong S. Generation oftoolpath with selection of proper tools for rough cutting. Comput Aided Des 1994;26(11): 163-80.
[Lee Y 1995] Lee Y, Chang T. Application of computational geometry in optimization of 2.5 d and 3d nc surface machining. Comput Ind 1995;26(1):41-59.
[M.C.Wu 1995] M.C. Wu and C. R. Liu, "Analysis on machined feature Recognition techniques based on B-rep", Computer-Aided Design, 28, pp. 603-616, 1995.
[T.Dereli 1997] T. Dereli and I. H. Filiz, "Selection of alternative cutting tools for part features of prismatic components and their effects on operation sequence", 5th International Conference on FACTORY 2000, IEE Conference Publications, 2-4b April, vol. 435, pp. 170-177,1997.
[Veeramani D 1997] Veeramani D, Gau Y. Selection of an optimal set of cutting Tool sizes for 2.5d pocket machining. Comput Aided Des 1997;29(12):869-77.
[Chen 1998] Chen Y, Lee Y, Fang S. Optimal cutter selection and Machining plane determination for process planning. J Manuf Syst 1998;17(5):371-88.
[Joneja 2001] Joneja A, Zhu S. Greedy tool heuristic for rough milling of complex pockets. In: Proceedings of the ASME-DETC Conferece, Pittsburg, PA;2001.
[Roshan 2006] Roshan M.D'Souza. Tool Sequence Selection for 2.5D Pockets with Uneven Stock. Computing and Information Science in Engineering. 2006, 6(33): 33-39.
[Manseung 2005] Manseung Seo, Haeryung Kim, Masahiko Onosato. Systematic Approach to Contour-Parallel Tool Path Generation of 2.5D Pocket with Islands. Computer-Aided Design, 2005,2(1) :213-222.
[Jaekoo 1999] Jaekoo Joo, Hyunbo Cho, Efficient Sculptured Pocket Machining Using Feature Extraction and conversion. Manufacturing Systems, 1999,18(2):100-112.
[Roshan 2002] Roshan M.D'Souza, Paul K.Wright, Carlo Sequin. Handling Tool Holder Collision in Optional Tool Sequence Selection for 2.5D Pocket Machining. Computing and Information Science in Engineering. 2002,2: 345-349.
[Roshan 2002] Roshan M.D'Souza, Wright Paul, Sequin Carlo. Automated Microplanning for 2.5D Pocket Machining. Manufacturing Systems,2001, 20(4):288-296.
[Lim 2000] T.Lim, J.Corney, J.M.Ritchie, D.E.R.Clark. Optimising Automatic Tool Selection for 2.5D Components. Proceeding of DETC'OO ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. 2000,2(4):288-288.
[Roshan 2004] Roshan M.D'Souza, Carlo Sequin, Paul K.Wright. Automated Tool Sequence Selection for 3-axis Machining of Freeform Pockets. Computer-Aided Design, 2004, 36:595-605.
[方向 2000] 方向,彭群生,郑家骧。2.5轴复杂型腔的刀位轨迹生成算法。工程图学学报,2000年第1期。
[王玉 2004] 王玉,徐和国,高崇辉,黄建中。含雕塑曲面和岛的模具型腔粗加工刀具组合优化方法。机械工程学报,2004年第12期。
[徐和国 2004] 徐和国,王玉,周雄辉。基于实体模型的计算机辅助刀具选择系统型腔。上海交通大学学报,2005年第1月,第39卷第1期。
[花广如 2005] 花广如,赵丽香,周雄辉,徐和国。模具3D型腔粗铣加工中刀具优化选择研究。机械制造,2004年43卷第485期。
[王玉 2004] 王玉,高崇辉,徐和国。模具型腔数控加工计算机辅助刀具选择研究。机械工程学报,2004年第2期。
[网址a] http://www.icax.cn.
[网址b] http://www.icad.com.cn.
[网址c] http://www.spatial.com.