基于实体的数控加工仿真关键技术的研究与实现
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摘要
本文在江苏省高技术计划研究项目资助下,分别从近似实体仿真和精确实体仿真两个方面研究实体数控加工仿真验证关键技术;基于近似实体仿真模型,建立数控加工仿真力学模型,研究 NC 代码中进给率 F 优化技术;将网络技术和协同技术与实体数控加工仿真相结合,基于精确实体模型研究协同实体数控仿真,并架构实体数控仿真 Web 服务。本文研究具体包括以下主要内容:
1. 提出 Cuboid-array 近似实体仿真验证模型,研究近似实体仿真关键技术。提出视图粗细度(LOV),实现视图动态操作。提出剖视误差分析法,评价仿真结果。提出双体建模,基于 B-rep 模型完成干涉检查和动态过切检查,基于Cuboid-array 模型记录数控加工中间结果。提出双体显示,降低屏幕刷新频率,减少系统资源使用,改善仿真系统执行效率。
2. 提出组斜环式螺纹构造方法,研究和实现车削镜像加工仿真,以及加工仿真系统中宏代码的分析和处理,为解决此类问题提供了思路和方法。提出组合式实体刀具扫掠体的构造方法,实现平底刀、球头刀、环形刀、锥形刀和钻刀扫掠体的动态构造。采用简化的组合方式,解决刀具扫掠体在圆弧扫掠路径小于刀具半径时出现的自交问题。提出基于设计模型的数控仿真验证的新方法,检查刀具过切,刀具与夹具、工作台的碰撞,并将该方法应用到实体车、铣削仿真。基于组件研究 NC 代码预处理和三维 CAD 数据转换浏览技术。
3. 基于 Cuboid-array 模型和平均力学模型,建立数控加工仿真平均力学模型,基于仿真技术手段,探讨数控加工仿真中切削力仿真和材料去除率仿真。分别基于切削力、材料去除率和切屑厚度,研究 Fanuc 控制系统的 NC 代码中进给率 F 的优化。与协同技术和网络技术相结合,提出基于实体的协同数控加工仿真,研究协同数控加工仿真的关键技术,设计数控加工仿真的协同网络协议NCSP,基于 Hoops 和 ACIS 平台实现了基于网络的协同数控加工实体仿真原型系统。架构数控仿真 Web 服务平台。
4. 文章最后对本课题作了总结和展望。
This dissertation does research on the approximate and precise simulation of NCmachining, based on approximate simulation model, builds cutting force model of NCsimulation, optimizing the feed rate of NC codes. Integrating the Netware technologyand collaboration ideas with NC simulation technology, based on precise simulation,raises and studies collaborative solid NC simulation, and constructs a platform forWeb service of NC simulation. Following are the main contents:
1. Based on Z-buffer, Dexel, and Ray-representation, Cuboid-array,approximate solid models, was raised to study approximate solid NC simulation, andcombined with B-rep to record the middle result of NC milling machining and tocheck the interference and over cuts. Raise LOV to implement the dynamic viewoperation and section-view-error-analysis to evaluate the simulation result. Use themethod of modeling and the display, based on double-model representation todecrease the frequency of refreshing, so as to reduce the use of computer resource,and finally improve the executing efficiency of system.
2. Raise a method, called group-lean-cirque, to construct solid screw threaddynamically, in order to support the simulation of the screw thread with variable pitchor multi-thread, give the algorithm of determination of Mirror machining, and theanalysis method of the processing of NC Macrocodes. In a way of combination,construct the swept volume of flat-end cutters, ball-end cutters, dome-end cutters,conic angle cutters and drill cutters. Solve the intersection when the radius of thecircle path is less than one of a cutter. A new method based on design model is givento do research on NC simulation and verification of milling machining, checkinginterference. And this new method was also implemented in NC simulation andverification of lathing machining. Based on Component technology, study NC codespreprocessing and 3D CAD data exchanging and viewing.
3. Feed Rate Optimization, the further research of NC simulation, is helpful toreduce practical NC machining time, increase productivity, and finally lessen the cost
of part. Combined average rigid force model and Cuboid-array model, cutting forcemodel of NC simulation, has been built to simulate the cutting force and materialremoval rate, base on which, optimize the feed rate of NC codes. Integrating theNetware technology with NC simulation technology, and introducing the idea ofcollaboration to solid NC simulation, raise collaborative solid NC simulation, designNC simulation protocol (NCSP), and develop a prototype system, also a platform forWeb service of NC simulation has been constructed.
4. Summarize the studied contents carried out in this dissertation, Point out theexisted shortages and also present the contents need studying more profoundlyforward.
1. 提出 Cuboid-array 近似实体仿真验证模型,研究近似实体仿真关键技术。提出视图粗细度(LOV),实现视图动态操作。提出剖视误差分析法,评价仿真结果。提出双体建模,基于 B-rep 模型完成干涉检查和动态过切检查,基于Cuboid-array 模型记录数控加工中间结果。提出双体显示,降低屏幕刷新频率,减少系统资源使用,改善仿真系统执行效率。
2. 提出组斜环式螺纹构造方法,研究和实现车削镜像加工仿真,以及加工仿真系统中宏代码的分析和处理,为解决此类问题提供了思路和方法。提出组合式实体刀具扫掠体的构造方法,实现平底刀、球头刀、环形刀、锥形刀和钻刀扫掠体的动态构造。采用简化的组合方式,解决刀具扫掠体在圆弧扫掠路径小于刀具半径时出现的自交问题。提出基于设计模型的数控仿真验证的新方法,检查刀具过切,刀具与夹具、工作台的碰撞,并将该方法应用到实体车、铣削仿真。基于组件研究 NC 代码预处理和三维 CAD 数据转换浏览技术。
3. 基于 Cuboid-array 模型和平均力学模型,建立数控加工仿真平均力学模型,基于仿真技术手段,探讨数控加工仿真中切削力仿真和材料去除率仿真。分别基于切削力、材料去除率和切屑厚度,研究 Fanuc 控制系统的 NC 代码中进给率 F 的优化。与协同技术和网络技术相结合,提出基于实体的协同数控加工仿真,研究协同数控加工仿真的关键技术,设计数控加工仿真的协同网络协议NCSP,基于 Hoops 和 ACIS 平台实现了基于网络的协同数控加工实体仿真原型系统。架构数控仿真 Web 服务平台。
4. 文章最后对本课题作了总结和展望。
This dissertation does research on the approximate and precise simulation of NCmachining, based on approximate simulation model, builds cutting force model of NCsimulation, optimizing the feed rate of NC codes. Integrating the Netware technologyand collaboration ideas with NC simulation technology, based on precise simulation,raises and studies collaborative solid NC simulation, and constructs a platform forWeb service of NC simulation. Following are the main contents:
1. Based on Z-buffer, Dexel, and Ray-representation, Cuboid-array,approximate solid models, was raised to study approximate solid NC simulation, andcombined with B-rep to record the middle result of NC milling machining and tocheck the interference and over cuts. Raise LOV to implement the dynamic viewoperation and section-view-error-analysis to evaluate the simulation result. Use themethod of modeling and the display, based on double-model representation todecrease the frequency of refreshing, so as to reduce the use of computer resource,and finally improve the executing efficiency of system.
2. Raise a method, called group-lean-cirque, to construct solid screw threaddynamically, in order to support the simulation of the screw thread with variable pitchor multi-thread, give the algorithm of determination of Mirror machining, and theanalysis method of the processing of NC Macrocodes. In a way of combination,construct the swept volume of flat-end cutters, ball-end cutters, dome-end cutters,conic angle cutters and drill cutters. Solve the intersection when the radius of thecircle path is less than one of a cutter. A new method based on design model is givento do research on NC simulation and verification of milling machining, checkinginterference. And this new method was also implemented in NC simulation andverification of lathing machining. Based on Component technology, study NC codespreprocessing and 3D CAD data exchanging and viewing.
3. Feed Rate Optimization, the further research of NC simulation, is helpful toreduce practical NC machining time, increase productivity, and finally lessen the cost
of part. Combined average rigid force model and Cuboid-array model, cutting forcemodel of NC simulation, has been built to simulate the cutting force and materialremoval rate, base on which, optimize the feed rate of NC codes. Integrating theNetware technology with NC simulation technology, and introducing the idea ofcollaboration to solid NC simulation, raise collaborative solid NC simulation, designNC simulation protocol (NCSP), and develop a prototype system, also a platform forWeb service of NC simulation has been constructed.
4. Summarize the studied contents carried out in this dissertation, Point out theexisted shortages and also present the contents need studying more profoundlyforward.
引文
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