单线区段列车运行图铺划与运行调整优化方法研究
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摘要
列车运行图是列车运行时间、空间关系的图解表示形式,是列车在区间运行及在车站到发或通过时刻的技术文本,是整个铁路运输的核心;列车运行调整是在实际运行中调度员根据列车运行图和列车运行现状编制的列车运行实施计划。在我国铁路运行图编制和运行调整自动化进程中,硬件技术和信息技术日趋成熟,最优化决策理论与方法显示出越来越重要的主导作用。在以计算机系统为核心的铁路现代运行系统中,优化算法的研究成为制约列车运行现代化的技术关键。
本文在大量查阅国内外有关文献的基础上,对运行图编制和运行调整问题进行了研究,分析了运行图编制以及运行调整的现有研究成果及存在的问题,针对我国铁路具体情况,分别建立了单线区段运行调整和运行图铺画优化模型,并提出了运行调整的最早冲突优化方法和运行图的时间循环迭代优化方法,建立了运行图铺划和运行调整系统。考虑到运行图编制和运行调整优化的实质都是处理运行列车与车站、区间的关系,合理确定各次列车占用区间和站线的作业顺序和作业时刻。论文将两者紧密结合,优化模型前后继承,优化算法紧密衔接,使其溶为一体。具体研究内容如下:
1、对单线列车运行调整问题进行了分析,以提高列车正点率、使列车区间运行时分波动尽可能小、提高货物列车的旅行速度为目标,详细分析了运行调整的多项约束条件,建立了运行调整优化模型。
2、提出了列车运行调整最早冲突优化方法。为了排除相向运行线初始排列顺序对优化结果的影响,先松弛相向运行线之间的约束,并利用最早冲突对其它冲突影响大,而其它冲突对最早冲突影响小的特点,选择最早冲突优先化解,即为运行调整的最早冲突优化方法,同时又为后面的列车运行图铺划的时间循环迭代方法奠定了基础。
3、对单线列车运行图铺划问题进行了分析,为了将列车运行图铺划与运行调整协同优化,建立了与运行调整优化模型相近优化模型。模型充分考虑了运行图铺划与运行调整的异同,符号定义尽量与运行调整保持一致,优化目标和约束条件的时间范围体现了运行图铺划的自身特点。
4、提出了单线列车运行图铺划的时间循环迭代优化方法。时间循环迭代优
Train diagram figure the connection of the running time and interspace of the train lines. It is the techno-text for trains run through section or trains arrive or depart or get across a station. it is the core of railway transportation. Adjusting train diagram is the dispatcher make phases plan in practice according to the train diagram and trains running. In the course of automatization for adjusting and drawing train diagram in our country , on the condition of hardware and information being more and more mature, optimizing methods and theories are becoming dominant effect now. Now the core system of railway operating system is the computer system, researching on optimizing method is key for trains running modernized.After consulting a great lot of correlative materials at home and abroad, the dissertation analyses the present investigation and disadvantages of drawing train diagram and train adjusting. In view of our country railway's characteristics, the dissertation builds an optimizing model for drawing and adjusting single-track train diagrams, and respectively puts forwards the earliest conflict optimizing method and the timing-cycle iterative optimizing method. Considering of the essence of both drawing and adjusting single-track train diagrams are dealing with the relationship of train lines and train station and railway section, and fixing on the sequence and woke time for each train line entering on train station and railway section rationally. The dissertation combine the train diagram drawing with the train diagram adjusting. Subsequence optimizing model accedes to former. Subsequence optimizing arithmetic joins former closely. The main research works are as follows:1. The dissertation analyses the problem of single-track train adjusting, and builds optimizing model for train adjusting. The objective of model is improving the rate on schedule, cutting down the fluctuation of train running time, and improving the freight train's speed. Many restrict conditions of train adjusting are analyzed detailedly .2. The dissertation puts forward the earliest conflict optimal method. The steps of the earliest conflict optimal method are as follows: firstly, the system ascertains train's grade by calculating or appointing. Secondly, the system draws relaxation adjusting plan. Thirdly, system eliminates the earliest conflict of relaxation adjusting plan each time. At last, while all conflicts are eliminated, an adjusting plan is created. If you want to eliminate all conflicts combining, the number of conflict is huge and trains impact and restrict each other. The method hurdles the shortcomings, and has a good efficiency.
The relaxation adjusting plan leaves alone the restriction of same grade train lines, and takes into account each train line the optimizing requirement of itself. It is propitious to choice the best project. Owing to the earliest conflict depending on other conflict least, it is solved firstly. The earliest conflict optimizing method avoid to bring greatness project that all conflicts are solved the same time. It has a good efficiency.3. The dissertation analyses the drawing single-track train diagram. To cooperate drawing with adjusting train diagram to optimize , The dissertation builds an optimizing model which similar to adjusting optimizing model . The similarities and differences of drawing and adjusting train diagram are considered in the model. When defining signs, they accord with train adjusting. Optimizing objective and time range of restriction condition materialize the self-characteristic of train diagram drawing.4. The dissertation puts forward a timing-cycle iterative optimizing method for drawing single-track train diagram. The timing-cycle iterative optimizing method disassembles the model to stage model first, and then optimizes the stage train diagram by the earliest conflict optimal method each time. When a stage train diagram has been optimized, it rolls to next stage based on this result. On account of the train diagram being a close cylinder, round and round by timing-cycle, the system optimizes this stage train diagram based on the result of former stage. System compares the optimized result to the result of former stage, and iterative the result circularly until builds a good diagram or estimate the method can't build a good diagram. In the course of optimizing the train lines incline to back. The method wins a good rapidity.5. The dissertation researches on the drawing train diagram and train adjusting computer system, and discusses the structure and function of the system. A example showing that the method and system works well.
本文在大量查阅国内外有关文献的基础上,对运行图编制和运行调整问题进行了研究,分析了运行图编制以及运行调整的现有研究成果及存在的问题,针对我国铁路具体情况,分别建立了单线区段运行调整和运行图铺画优化模型,并提出了运行调整的最早冲突优化方法和运行图的时间循环迭代优化方法,建立了运行图铺划和运行调整系统。考虑到运行图编制和运行调整优化的实质都是处理运行列车与车站、区间的关系,合理确定各次列车占用区间和站线的作业顺序和作业时刻。论文将两者紧密结合,优化模型前后继承,优化算法紧密衔接,使其溶为一体。具体研究内容如下:
1、对单线列车运行调整问题进行了分析,以提高列车正点率、使列车区间运行时分波动尽可能小、提高货物列车的旅行速度为目标,详细分析了运行调整的多项约束条件,建立了运行调整优化模型。
2、提出了列车运行调整最早冲突优化方法。为了排除相向运行线初始排列顺序对优化结果的影响,先松弛相向运行线之间的约束,并利用最早冲突对其它冲突影响大,而其它冲突对最早冲突影响小的特点,选择最早冲突优先化解,即为运行调整的最早冲突优化方法,同时又为后面的列车运行图铺划的时间循环迭代方法奠定了基础。
3、对单线列车运行图铺划问题进行了分析,为了将列车运行图铺划与运行调整协同优化,建立了与运行调整优化模型相近优化模型。模型充分考虑了运行图铺划与运行调整的异同,符号定义尽量与运行调整保持一致,优化目标和约束条件的时间范围体现了运行图铺划的自身特点。
4、提出了单线列车运行图铺划的时间循环迭代优化方法。时间循环迭代优
Train diagram figure the connection of the running time and interspace of the train lines. It is the techno-text for trains run through section or trains arrive or depart or get across a station. it is the core of railway transportation. Adjusting train diagram is the dispatcher make phases plan in practice according to the train diagram and trains running. In the course of automatization for adjusting and drawing train diagram in our country , on the condition of hardware and information being more and more mature, optimizing methods and theories are becoming dominant effect now. Now the core system of railway operating system is the computer system, researching on optimizing method is key for trains running modernized.After consulting a great lot of correlative materials at home and abroad, the dissertation analyses the present investigation and disadvantages of drawing train diagram and train adjusting. In view of our country railway's characteristics, the dissertation builds an optimizing model for drawing and adjusting single-track train diagrams, and respectively puts forwards the earliest conflict optimizing method and the timing-cycle iterative optimizing method. Considering of the essence of both drawing and adjusting single-track train diagrams are dealing with the relationship of train lines and train station and railway section, and fixing on the sequence and woke time for each train line entering on train station and railway section rationally. The dissertation combine the train diagram drawing with the train diagram adjusting. Subsequence optimizing model accedes to former. Subsequence optimizing arithmetic joins former closely. The main research works are as follows:1. The dissertation analyses the problem of single-track train adjusting, and builds optimizing model for train adjusting. The objective of model is improving the rate on schedule, cutting down the fluctuation of train running time, and improving the freight train's speed. Many restrict conditions of train adjusting are analyzed detailedly .2. The dissertation puts forward the earliest conflict optimal method. The steps of the earliest conflict optimal method are as follows: firstly, the system ascertains train's grade by calculating or appointing. Secondly, the system draws relaxation adjusting plan. Thirdly, system eliminates the earliest conflict of relaxation adjusting plan each time. At last, while all conflicts are eliminated, an adjusting plan is created. If you want to eliminate all conflicts combining, the number of conflict is huge and trains impact and restrict each other. The method hurdles the shortcomings, and has a good efficiency.
The relaxation adjusting plan leaves alone the restriction of same grade train lines, and takes into account each train line the optimizing requirement of itself. It is propitious to choice the best project. Owing to the earliest conflict depending on other conflict least, it is solved firstly. The earliest conflict optimizing method avoid to bring greatness project that all conflicts are solved the same time. It has a good efficiency.3. The dissertation analyses the drawing single-track train diagram. To cooperate drawing with adjusting train diagram to optimize , The dissertation builds an optimizing model which similar to adjusting optimizing model . The similarities and differences of drawing and adjusting train diagram are considered in the model. When defining signs, they accord with train adjusting. Optimizing objective and time range of restriction condition materialize the self-characteristic of train diagram drawing.4. The dissertation puts forward a timing-cycle iterative optimizing method for drawing single-track train diagram. The timing-cycle iterative optimizing method disassembles the model to stage model first, and then optimizes the stage train diagram by the earliest conflict optimal method each time. When a stage train diagram has been optimized, it rolls to next stage based on this result. On account of the train diagram being a close cylinder, round and round by timing-cycle, the system optimizes this stage train diagram based on the result of former stage. System compares the optimized result to the result of former stage, and iterative the result circularly until builds a good diagram or estimate the method can't build a good diagram. In the course of optimizing the train lines incline to back. The method wins a good rapidity.5. The dissertation researches on the drawing train diagram and train adjusting computer system, and discusses the structure and function of the system. A example showing that the method and system works well.
引文
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