家庭网络中间件技术UPnP的研究与实现
摘要
家庭信息化是信息技术的重要发展方向，信息化家庭是信息社会的基本单位。数字化技术的发展加速了各种信息家电的出现，进而提出了互联、互通、互操作的要求。Internet技术向社会各个方面的渗透也促使家庭从网络的端点扩展为一个网络，连接各种信息家电，形成家庭网络。家庭网络与人们生活息息相关，是网络典型的边缘网，单个网络的规模虽小，但在全球网络中所占的比重很大，到现在已有了很大发展。实现家庭网络的关键是家庭网络中间件技术。世界各著名设备厂商纷纷提出了各自的新技术和解决方案，如微软提出的UPnP、Sun公司提出的Jini、Sony公司提出的HAVi、Alcatel等公司提出的OSGi规范等。研究这些新技术，解决设备间互连、互通、互操作问题，实现设备连接控制操作简单化、人性化，对加速信息家电的普及，促进家庭网络的发展，提高家庭信息化水平有着重要的现实意义。
家庭网络中间件主要用以屏蔽信息家电下层的各种硬件设备和连接技术，为上层应用开发提供统一的接口，并实现信息设备的简单组网、智能控制。UPnP技术是非常具有代表性的家庭网络中间件技术，它建立在TCP/IP协议和WEB技术之上，利用了现有的一些网络技术和规范，如XML、SOAP、GENA等，实现了联网的信息设备间自动组网、自动发现、自动声明、简单信息交换、简单互操作等功能。本文重点研究了UPnP技术的基本原理和实现机制，提出了一种基于注册中心的设备发现机制，并编程实现了UPnP的通用设备模型，最后在该通用设备模型的基础上实现了一个UPnP的灯光设备，建立了一个智能家电控制演示系统。
Home information technology is the important field where the information technology will advance. Information home is the basic unit of the information society. The development of digit technology accelerates the appearance of information appliances, which demand connection, communication and cooperation among them. Internet technology advancement makes home a network from a network joint, which is named home network and connects all sorts of information appliances. Home network is close to people life, and it is a typical edge network. Although the scale of single home network is small, the total home network has a large percentage in global. Home network has made much progress now. The key of home network realization is the home network middleware technology. Many famous information device corporations have provided their own new technology and new means to resolve it, for example, Microsoft corp. has provided UPnP, Sun corp. has provided Jini, Sony corp. has provided HAVi, Alcatel corp. has provided OSGi. It will play a great realistic role in improving home information level to research these new technologies, to resolve the problem of connection, communication and cooperation among information appliances, and to realize simple connection and simple control. They will accelerate the popularity of information appliances and the advancement of home network.
Home network middleware is designed to make the application on higher layer independent of any hardware and network technology on the lower layer of information appliances, and to provide a universal application program interface for the application on the higher layer, and to realize simple connection and intelligent control among information devices. The UPnP technology is typical in all home network middleware technologies. It bases on TCP/IP protocols and WEB technology, makes use of some existing network technologies and protocols, such as XML, SOAP, GENA and so on. With UPnP, a device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey
its capabilities and learn about the presence and capabilities of other devices-all automatically. And a device with UPnP can communicate with other devices and control other devices simply. This paper emphasizes on the basic principle and realization principle of UPnP, and provides a new device discovery principle with registration center, and realizes a generic device model of UPnP by programming. An UPnP enabled light device is designed based on the generic device model, and an experimental control system of intelligent appliance is established in the end.
家庭网络中间件主要用以屏蔽信息家电下层的各种硬件设备和连接技术，为上层应用开发提供统一的接口，并实现信息设备的简单组网、智能控制。UPnP技术是非常具有代表性的家庭网络中间件技术，它建立在TCP/IP协议和WEB技术之上，利用了现有的一些网络技术和规范，如XML、SOAP、GENA等，实现了联网的信息设备间自动组网、自动发现、自动声明、简单信息交换、简单互操作等功能。本文重点研究了UPnP技术的基本原理和实现机制，提出了一种基于注册中心的设备发现机制，并编程实现了UPnP的通用设备模型，最后在该通用设备模型的基础上实现了一个UPnP的灯光设备，建立了一个智能家电控制演示系统。
Home information technology is the important field where the information technology will advance. Information home is the basic unit of the information society. The development of digit technology accelerates the appearance of information appliances, which demand connection, communication and cooperation among them. Internet technology advancement makes home a network from a network joint, which is named home network and connects all sorts of information appliances. Home network is close to people life, and it is a typical edge network. Although the scale of single home network is small, the total home network has a large percentage in global. Home network has made much progress now. The key of home network realization is the home network middleware technology. Many famous information device corporations have provided their own new technology and new means to resolve it, for example, Microsoft corp. has provided UPnP, Sun corp. has provided Jini, Sony corp. has provided HAVi, Alcatel corp. has provided OSGi. It will play a great realistic role in improving home information level to research these new technologies, to resolve the problem of connection, communication and cooperation among information appliances, and to realize simple connection and simple control. They will accelerate the popularity of information appliances and the advancement of home network.
Home network middleware is designed to make the application on higher layer independent of any hardware and network technology on the lower layer of information appliances, and to provide a universal application program interface for the application on the higher layer, and to realize simple connection and intelligent control among information devices. The UPnP technology is typical in all home network middleware technologies. It bases on TCP/IP protocols and WEB technology, makes use of some existing network technologies and protocols, such as XML, SOAP, GENA and so on. With UPnP, a device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey
its capabilities and learn about the presence and capabilities of other devices-all automatically. And a device with UPnP can communicate with other devices and control other devices simply. This paper emphasizes on the basic principle and realization principle of UPnP, and provides a new device discovery principle with registration center, and realizes a generic device model of UPnP by programming. An UPnP enabled light device is designed based on the generic device model, and an experimental control system of intelligent appliance is established in the end.
引文
[1] Understanding Universal Plug and Play, UPnP Forum white paper, Jun 2000
[2] Universal Plug and Play Device Architecture, UPnP Forum paper, Jun 2000
[3] Brent A. Miler, Toby Nixon, Home Networking with Universal Plug and Play, IEEE Communication Magazine, Dec 2001
[4] Edward F Steinfeld, Devices that play together, work together, Automation International Marketing-EDN, Sep 13,2001
[5] Amitava Dutta—Roy. Networks for homes, IEEE SPECTRUM, DEC. 1999: 26～33
[6] Danny Briere, Pat Hurley, "Home Networking Strategies", The Home Automation Times, Feb., 2000.
[7] G. Lawton. New Technologies Take the Network Home [J]. IEEE Computer, 1999, (3): 11—4
[8] J. Cohen, S. Aggarwat, General Event Notification Architecture Base: Client to Arbiter, W3C paper, Sep 6,2000
[9] Martin Gudgin, Marc Hadley, SOAP Version 1.2 (Part 1:Messaging Framework, Part 2:Adjuncts), W3C paper, Jun 2002
[10] [XML-Schema1] W3C Candidate Recommendation, Extensible Markup Language (Part 1:Structure, Part 2:Datatypes), 24 October 2000
[11] HTTP Extension Framework, W3C paper, Jun 2001
[12] The JINI architecture specification SUN Microsystems 1999
[13] The JINI device architecture specification SUN microsystems 1999
[14] 杨思忠，刘锦德，骆志刚，家庭网络及相关技术，《计算机应用》，Vol．20，No．7 Jul．，2000
[15] 王玉林，龚天富，几种家庭网络联网方式的分析和比较，《计算机应用》(增刊)，Vol．22，2002
[16] 徐静、刘传文，SOAP协议分析及其与B2B集成的应用研究，武汉理工大学学报，Sep 2001
[17] 段智华，SOAP技术及其安全性研究，IBM开发者论坛，Nov．15，2001
[18] DOUGLAS E．COMER，用TCP/IP进行网际互连，林瑶，蒋慧，杜蔚轩等译，第3版，电子工业出版社，1998
[19] Andrew S．Tanebaum，计算机网络，熊桂喜，王小虎等译，第三版，清华大学出版社，1998
[20] Bruce Eckel，C++编程思想，刘宗田，邪大红，孙慧杰等译，机械工业出版社，2000
[2] Universal Plug and Play Device Architecture, UPnP Forum paper, Jun 2000
[3] Brent A. Miler, Toby Nixon, Home Networking with Universal Plug and Play, IEEE Communication Magazine, Dec 2001
[4] Edward F Steinfeld, Devices that play together, work together, Automation International Marketing-EDN, Sep 13,2001
[5] Amitava Dutta—Roy. Networks for homes, IEEE SPECTRUM, DEC. 1999: 26～33
[6] Danny Briere, Pat Hurley, "Home Networking Strategies", The Home Automation Times, Feb., 2000.
[7] G. Lawton. New Technologies Take the Network Home [J]. IEEE Computer, 1999, (3): 11—4
[8] J. Cohen, S. Aggarwat, General Event Notification Architecture Base: Client to Arbiter, W3C paper, Sep 6,2000
[9] Martin Gudgin, Marc Hadley, SOAP Version 1.2 (Part 1:Messaging Framework, Part 2:Adjuncts), W3C paper, Jun 2002
[10] [XML-Schema1] W3C Candidate Recommendation, Extensible Markup Language (Part 1:Structure, Part 2:Datatypes), 24 October 2000
[11] HTTP Extension Framework, W3C paper, Jun 2001
[12] The JINI architecture specification SUN Microsystems 1999
[13] The JINI device architecture specification SUN microsystems 1999
[14] 杨思忠，刘锦德，骆志刚，家庭网络及相关技术，《计算机应用》，Vol．20，No．7 Jul．，2000
[15] 王玉林，龚天富，几种家庭网络联网方式的分析和比较，《计算机应用》(增刊)，Vol．22，2002
[16] 徐静、刘传文，SOAP协议分析及其与B2B集成的应用研究，武汉理工大学学报，Sep 2001
[17] 段智华，SOAP技术及其安全性研究，IBM开发者论坛，Nov．15，2001
[18] DOUGLAS E．COMER，用TCP/IP进行网际互连，林瑶，蒋慧，杜蔚轩等译，第3版，电子工业出版社，1998
[19] Andrew S．Tanebaum，计算机网络，熊桂喜，王小虎等译，第三版，清华大学出版社，1998
[20] Bruce Eckel，C++编程思想，刘宗田，邪大红，孙慧杰等译，机械工业出版社，2000