异丙苯氧化系统的动态模拟以及氧化反应器的稳态模拟
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摘要
本论文的工作之一是对异丙苯氧化系统进行了动态模拟。异丙苯氧化系统主要包括氧化塔、提浓塔、分解反应器、中和反应器以及其它一些简单的单元设备,本论文分别对氧化、提浓、分解、中和过程进行了研究,建立起了系统模型并选择了适宜的解法。最终形成的动态模拟系统应用于实际生产装置的实时模拟,取得了良好的结果。
模型建立之后,对模拟结果进行了讨论,模型的计算结果与装置的设计数据比较接近,基本反映了异丙苯氧化系统整个过程的规律,可用于对异丙苯氧化工艺过程进行模拟。从整体工艺的模拟情况看,整个模拟过程能够很好地反映出装置实际运行情况,具有较好的动态特性,不仅可以用来进行仿真培训,还可用于技术人员对工艺过程的技术改造以及控制系统的研究。此研究成果已成功地应用于中国石化北京燕化石油化工股份有限公司化学品事业部苯酚丙酮车间生产的职工操作培训。
本论文的工作之二是对四塔串联鼓泡塔氧化反应器进行了稳态模拟。在这一部分工作中研究了带有退化支化反应的异丙苯氧化反应机理,得到了氧化反应和主要副反应的反应动力学方程,并通过假设简化,建立了异丙苯氧化反应器的数学模型,编制了模拟程序。采用四塔串联氧化反应器为研究对象,进行了稳态模拟,将模拟结果与生产数据进行了比较,并对动力学方程进行了修正。修正结果能正确地描述反应器内的操作状况。反应器数学模型可用于优化操作,指导反应器的设计和放大。
利用已得到的异丙苯氧化反应的动力学模型和反应器的数学模型,分别对不同
循环量、不同循环位置等操作形式和非等体积氧化塔以及槽式反应器两种不同的反应器型式进行了模拟,并分析了不同操作方式和反应器型式的优劣,得到了以下结论:
(1)将上部循环位置移至塔顶、三个循环回路中的循环量一样有利于提高产物CHP的收率。
(2)在进料中加入适量的CHP可以加快反应的进行,提高反应产物的收率。
(3)对非等体积四塔串联鼓泡塔氧化反应器,体积大的反应器放置在前面的排列顺序有利于得到高的出口CHP浓度。因此对多塔串联的反应器,应进行体积优化计算。
(4)通过等体积的槽式反应器与鼓泡塔反应器的模拟结果比较可知,采用槽式反应器可得到更高的产物CHP浓度。可见,在相同产量的情况下,采用槽式反应器可适当降低反应温度,减小副反应的发生,这对异丙苯氧化反应器型式的选择具有指导意义。
以上结论可用来指导反应器的改造和优化。
The first topic of this paper is the dynamic simulation of cumene oxidation system. The cumene oxidation system mainly consists of oxidation reactors, concentration towers, decomposition reactors, neutralization reactor and some other simple units. The process of oxidation, concentration, decomposition and neutralization separately investigated. After that, system model are established and the suitable solution way is selected. Dynamic simulation system finally formed is used to the real time simulation and practical process, which obtain the good effect.
After establishment of the above-mentioned model, we have discussed the results of stable simulation. The results of the model have approached the practical data, reflected the basic principles of cumene oxidation system and can be applied to the simulation of the technical process. As a whole process of technology simulation, The whole simulation process is good to reflect the running conditions of equipment. The simulation results can be used not only for the simulating training but also for the technology upgrade and control system study. This research has successfully applied in the systemic analysis on the chemical division of Yanshan Petrochemical Corporation.
The second topic is the steady-state simulation of four-serial bubble reactors of the oxidation process. The reaction mechanism of cumene
oxidation is analyzed, the kinetic equations of cumene oxidation and its primary assistant reactions are educed. In the condition of reasonable suppose, a mathematic model of reactors for cumene oxidation is set up at the same time. On this condition, the steady-state simulation of four-serial bubble reactors of the oxidation process is made, and the kinetic model is corrected. The corrected result can describe accurately the operation status in the reactors. The mathematic model of the reactors can be used to optimize the operation and guidance the design and magnifying of the reactors.
At the basis of the corrected kinetic model of cumene oxidation and the mathematic model of bubble reactors which have been set up, the simulation of the reactors for oxidation of cumene by gas-liquid two phase reaction with different operating conditions of different recycling quantity and different place recycling and with different reactors of non-equal volume four-serial bubble reactors and ideal stirred tank reactor is made. The advantages and the disadvantages of different operating conditions and different reactors have been analyzed. The following results have been gained:
(1) Moving the uppermost recycling place to the top of the oxidation towers and averaging the three recycling quantity are in favor of improve the yield of CHP.
(2) The appropriate quantity of CHP in the raw material is able to quicken the reaction velocity and improve the yield of CHP.
(3) Aiming at the four-serial non-equal volume bubble reactors, that the bigger reactors are front is better than that the lesser reactors are font, which can improve the product of CHP. Therefore, the account of volume optimization should be made for several-series reactors.
(4) The result comparison of simulation for ideal stirred tank reactor and bubble reactor with equal volume shows that the former is better than
the latter for the yield of CHP. As a result, on condition that the product is same, the ideal stirred tank reactor can reduce the temperature of reaction and cut down the happen of the assistant reactions. The result is significant for the choice of different kinds of reactors.
The above conclusion can be used to guide the reconstruction and optimization of the reactors of cumeme oxidation.
模型建立之后,对模拟结果进行了讨论,模型的计算结果与装置的设计数据比较接近,基本反映了异丙苯氧化系统整个过程的规律,可用于对异丙苯氧化工艺过程进行模拟。从整体工艺的模拟情况看,整个模拟过程能够很好地反映出装置实际运行情况,具有较好的动态特性,不仅可以用来进行仿真培训,还可用于技术人员对工艺过程的技术改造以及控制系统的研究。此研究成果已成功地应用于中国石化北京燕化石油化工股份有限公司化学品事业部苯酚丙酮车间生产的职工操作培训。
本论文的工作之二是对四塔串联鼓泡塔氧化反应器进行了稳态模拟。在这一部分工作中研究了带有退化支化反应的异丙苯氧化反应机理,得到了氧化反应和主要副反应的反应动力学方程,并通过假设简化,建立了异丙苯氧化反应器的数学模型,编制了模拟程序。采用四塔串联氧化反应器为研究对象,进行了稳态模拟,将模拟结果与生产数据进行了比较,并对动力学方程进行了修正。修正结果能正确地描述反应器内的操作状况。反应器数学模型可用于优化操作,指导反应器的设计和放大。
利用已得到的异丙苯氧化反应的动力学模型和反应器的数学模型,分别对不同
循环量、不同循环位置等操作形式和非等体积氧化塔以及槽式反应器两种不同的反应器型式进行了模拟,并分析了不同操作方式和反应器型式的优劣,得到了以下结论:
(1)将上部循环位置移至塔顶、三个循环回路中的循环量一样有利于提高产物CHP的收率。
(2)在进料中加入适量的CHP可以加快反应的进行,提高反应产物的收率。
(3)对非等体积四塔串联鼓泡塔氧化反应器,体积大的反应器放置在前面的排列顺序有利于得到高的出口CHP浓度。因此对多塔串联的反应器,应进行体积优化计算。
(4)通过等体积的槽式反应器与鼓泡塔反应器的模拟结果比较可知,采用槽式反应器可得到更高的产物CHP浓度。可见,在相同产量的情况下,采用槽式反应器可适当降低反应温度,减小副反应的发生,这对异丙苯氧化反应器型式的选择具有指导意义。
以上结论可用来指导反应器的改造和优化。
The first topic of this paper is the dynamic simulation of cumene oxidation system. The cumene oxidation system mainly consists of oxidation reactors, concentration towers, decomposition reactors, neutralization reactor and some other simple units. The process of oxidation, concentration, decomposition and neutralization separately investigated. After that, system model are established and the suitable solution way is selected. Dynamic simulation system finally formed is used to the real time simulation and practical process, which obtain the good effect.
After establishment of the above-mentioned model, we have discussed the results of stable simulation. The results of the model have approached the practical data, reflected the basic principles of cumene oxidation system and can be applied to the simulation of the technical process. As a whole process of technology simulation, The whole simulation process is good to reflect the running conditions of equipment. The simulation results can be used not only for the simulating training but also for the technology upgrade and control system study. This research has successfully applied in the systemic analysis on the chemical division of Yanshan Petrochemical Corporation.
The second topic is the steady-state simulation of four-serial bubble reactors of the oxidation process. The reaction mechanism of cumene
oxidation is analyzed, the kinetic equations of cumene oxidation and its primary assistant reactions are educed. In the condition of reasonable suppose, a mathematic model of reactors for cumene oxidation is set up at the same time. On this condition, the steady-state simulation of four-serial bubble reactors of the oxidation process is made, and the kinetic model is corrected. The corrected result can describe accurately the operation status in the reactors. The mathematic model of the reactors can be used to optimize the operation and guidance the design and magnifying of the reactors.
At the basis of the corrected kinetic model of cumene oxidation and the mathematic model of bubble reactors which have been set up, the simulation of the reactors for oxidation of cumene by gas-liquid two phase reaction with different operating conditions of different recycling quantity and different place recycling and with different reactors of non-equal volume four-serial bubble reactors and ideal stirred tank reactor is made. The advantages and the disadvantages of different operating conditions and different reactors have been analyzed. The following results have been gained:
(1) Moving the uppermost recycling place to the top of the oxidation towers and averaging the three recycling quantity are in favor of improve the yield of CHP.
(2) The appropriate quantity of CHP in the raw material is able to quicken the reaction velocity and improve the yield of CHP.
(3) Aiming at the four-serial non-equal volume bubble reactors, that the bigger reactors are front is better than that the lesser reactors are font, which can improve the product of CHP. Therefore, the account of volume optimization should be made for several-series reactors.
(4) The result comparison of simulation for ideal stirred tank reactor and bubble reactor with equal volume shows that the former is better than
the latter for the yield of CHP. As a result, on condition that the product is same, the ideal stirred tank reactor can reduce the temperature of reaction and cut down the happen of the assistant reactions. The result is significant for the choice of different kinds of reactors.
The above conclusion can be used to guide the reconstruction and optimization of the reactors of cumeme oxidation.
引文
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