基于SOA和HLA的分布式仿真关键技术研究
摘要
HLA是目前分布式仿真系统架构的国际标准,在促进仿真系统的互操作和重用方面取得了巨大的成功。但是随着仿真需求的增长,仿真规模的不断增大,仿真系统越来越复杂,需求的变化越来越快,需要开发人员能够利用已有的仿真资源灵活、快速、高效地构建分布式仿真系统。但是,现有HLA架构中,基于OMT的对象模型对仿真组件描述能力有限,重用性差,导致仿真组件无法得到重用：大量仿真资源由于没有统一的管理,缺乏有效地查找、发现和组合机制,无法得到有效地使用；由于技术的限制,大多数联邦成员同RTI的通信受到网络和平台的限制,制约了仿真系统的互操作性。围绕着这些问题,本文对分布式仿真系统进行了一系列的理论和技术研究。
本文主要工作如下：
1.通过对比HLA和SOA两种架构,利用SOA的思想,构建基于HLA的分布式仿真系统架构SO-HLA.架构保留了HLA高效性和时间一致性等优势,同时扩展了仿真组件的互操作性、重用性,实现了仿真组件的可组合性。
2.提出了仿真组件对象模型(SCOM),从互操作模式和互操作内容两个方面对仿真组件进行描述。对SCOM及其分类给出形式化定义,并对SCOM的操作进行形式化描述,为仿真组件的查找和组合提供理论基础。
3.采用面向实体的系统分析方法构建仿真系统本体的概念体系,利用本体中的概念增加SCOM的语义信息。进一步从语义上增强SCOM的描述能力,实现仿真组件的重用和组合的智能化。
4.通过制定基于语义的SCOM操作规则,本体语言同霍恩语句的转换,以及基于Prolog的SCOM操作流程,实现基于逻辑推理的SCOM操作。利用Amzi! Prolog工具实现SCOM操作服务。
5.设计并实现了面向服务的运行时框架SO-RTI。该框架利用Web服务实现RTI同联邦成员的松散耦合,扩展了仿真应用的互操作性；通过RTI调用联邦成员大使服务的方式实现回调服务,确保联邦的时空一致性。
6.设计与实现可重构的仿真联邦。通过SCOM同联邦、联邦成员的映射,实现联邦拆分、联邦成员查找以及联邦成员组合的自动化。
主要创新点：
1.从概念模型和软件结构两方面设计基于SOA和HLA的分布式仿真系统的软件架构SO-HLA,提高分布式仿真系统的互操作性、重用性和组合性。
2.提出了基于本体的仿真组件对象模型(SCOM),从语法和语义两个层面提高了对象模型对仿真组件的描述能力,便于仿真组件的发布、查找和组合。
3.提出了基于语义的SCOM的操作规则,在此基础上,实现仿真联邦分解、仿真组件查找以及仿真组件组合自动化。
4.设计并实现了面向服务的运行时框架SO-RTI。
本文的研究成果在多个总部科研计划项目中得到应用,应用的结果表明：基于本体的SCOM大大提高了对仿真组件的描述能力,基于逻辑的推理实现了SCOM自动分解、查找和组合,两者的结合有力地支持了仿真组件的重用和组合。面向服务的SO-RTI的构建,对广域网和互联网的分布式仿真系统构建提供了支持,扩展了仿真系统的可操作性。基于SOA和HLA的仿真系统架构SO-HLA,能够灵活、快捷、高效的构建仿真系统。
Nowadays, HLA is the international standard of the architecture of the distributed simulation system. It has made great achievements in promoting the interoperability and the reusability of the simulation system. However, with the ever-increasing demand for simulation and the expansion of simulation scale, the simulation system has become increasingly complicated and the change of the demand has become progressively faster. Therefore, the developers are required to construct the distributed simulation system agilely, rapidly, and efficiently by taking advantage of the existing simulation resources. Nevertheless, the existing HLA architecture still has the following disadvantages:
1. The simulation components can not be reused because of the limited description ability and poor reusability of the object model based on OMT.
2. A great amount of simulation resources can not be used effectively because of the lack of the unified management and the effective mechanism of searching, finding and combining.
3. Due to the limitation of technology, the communication between the majority of federates and RTI is restricted by the network and the platform, thus interoperation of the simulation system is restricted.
4. Based on these problems, this dissertation makes a series of theoretical and technological researches on the distributed simulation system.
The main work of this dissertation can be summarized as follows:
1. Through the comparison between the architecture of HLA and that of SOA, a new architecture of distributed simulation system named SO-HLA is built based on HLA with SOA ideology. The new architecture retains the efficiency, the time consistency and other advantages of HLA. Meanwhile, it extends the interoperability and the reusability of the simulation components and realizes the composability of simulation components.
2. Simulation Component Object Model (SCOM) is proposed, which describes simulation components from the interoperation patterns and the interoperation content. Moreover, the SCOM and its classification are formally defined, and the operation of SCOM is formally described, which provide the theoretical basis for searching and combining the simulation components.
3. The conceptual system of the simulation system ontology is constructed by means of the entity-oriented systematic analysis method, and the semantic information of SCOM is increased with the help of the concepts in ontology. In this way, the description ability of SCOM is further enhanced semantically, and the reusing and combining intelligentization of simulation components is achieved.
4. With the help of the establishment of the SCOM operation rules based on semantics, the transformation between ontology language and Horn statement, as well as the SCOM operation procedures based on Prolog, the operation of SCOM based on logical reasoning came to fruition. Meanwhile, the SCOM operating services are achieved by means of Amzi! Prolog instrument.
5. The Service-Oriented Run-time Infrastructure SO-RTI is designed and implemented. This Run-time Infrastructure realizes the loose coupling between RTI and federates with the aid of the Web service, and extends the interoperability of the simulation application; realizes the callback service in the manner of calling the service of federate ambassador through RTI and thus ensures the temporal consistency of the federation.
6. The restructurable simulated federation is designed and implemented. Through the mapping between SCOM and federation and federates, the automation of federation resolution as well as that of searching and combining federate are effected.
The innovations in the dissertation can be listed as bellow:
1. The software architecture SO-HLA of the distributed simulation system based on HLA and SOA is designed from the perspectives of concept model and software structure so as to enhance the interoperability, the reusability and the combination of the distributed simulation system.
2. The ontology-based Simulation Component Object Model (SCOM) is proposed, which improves the ability of the object model in describing simulation components from both grammatical and semantic levels, and makes the publishing, searching, and combining of simulation components much more convenient.
3. The rules of SCOM operations based on semantics are presented. On the basis of this, the automation of simulation federation decomposing, simulation component searching and simulation component combining is realized.The Service-oriented Run-time Infrastructure SO-RTI is designed and implemented.
4. The Service-oriented Run-time Infrastructure SO-RTI is designed and implemented.
The achievements of the research in this dissertation have been applied to many scientific research programs of the headquarter. The results of these applications indicate that ontology-based SCOM has greatly enhanced the ability of describing simulation components, and the logical reasoning has led to automatic decomposing, searching and combination of SCOM, and integration of the previous two has strongly supported the reuse and combination of simulation components. The construction of the service-oriented SO-RTI provides the support for constructing the distributed simulation system of WAN and the Internet and extends the operability of the simulation system. Therefore, the architecture SO-HLA of the simulation system based on HLA and SOA can construct a simulation system agilely, rapidly, and efficiently.
本文主要工作如下：
1.通过对比HLA和SOA两种架构,利用SOA的思想,构建基于HLA的分布式仿真系统架构SO-HLA.架构保留了HLA高效性和时间一致性等优势,同时扩展了仿真组件的互操作性、重用性,实现了仿真组件的可组合性。
2.提出了仿真组件对象模型(SCOM),从互操作模式和互操作内容两个方面对仿真组件进行描述。对SCOM及其分类给出形式化定义,并对SCOM的操作进行形式化描述,为仿真组件的查找和组合提供理论基础。
3.采用面向实体的系统分析方法构建仿真系统本体的概念体系,利用本体中的概念增加SCOM的语义信息。进一步从语义上增强SCOM的描述能力,实现仿真组件的重用和组合的智能化。
4.通过制定基于语义的SCOM操作规则,本体语言同霍恩语句的转换,以及基于Prolog的SCOM操作流程,实现基于逻辑推理的SCOM操作。利用Amzi! Prolog工具实现SCOM操作服务。
5.设计并实现了面向服务的运行时框架SO-RTI。该框架利用Web服务实现RTI同联邦成员的松散耦合,扩展了仿真应用的互操作性；通过RTI调用联邦成员大使服务的方式实现回调服务,确保联邦的时空一致性。
6.设计与实现可重构的仿真联邦。通过SCOM同联邦、联邦成员的映射,实现联邦拆分、联邦成员查找以及联邦成员组合的自动化。
主要创新点：
1.从概念模型和软件结构两方面设计基于SOA和HLA的分布式仿真系统的软件架构SO-HLA,提高分布式仿真系统的互操作性、重用性和组合性。
2.提出了基于本体的仿真组件对象模型(SCOM),从语法和语义两个层面提高了对象模型对仿真组件的描述能力,便于仿真组件的发布、查找和组合。
3.提出了基于语义的SCOM的操作规则,在此基础上,实现仿真联邦分解、仿真组件查找以及仿真组件组合自动化。
4.设计并实现了面向服务的运行时框架SO-RTI。
本文的研究成果在多个总部科研计划项目中得到应用,应用的结果表明：基于本体的SCOM大大提高了对仿真组件的描述能力,基于逻辑的推理实现了SCOM自动分解、查找和组合,两者的结合有力地支持了仿真组件的重用和组合。面向服务的SO-RTI的构建,对广域网和互联网的分布式仿真系统构建提供了支持,扩展了仿真系统的可操作性。基于SOA和HLA的仿真系统架构SO-HLA,能够灵活、快捷、高效的构建仿真系统。
Nowadays, HLA is the international standard of the architecture of the distributed simulation system. It has made great achievements in promoting the interoperability and the reusability of the simulation system. However, with the ever-increasing demand for simulation and the expansion of simulation scale, the simulation system has become increasingly complicated and the change of the demand has become progressively faster. Therefore, the developers are required to construct the distributed simulation system agilely, rapidly, and efficiently by taking advantage of the existing simulation resources. Nevertheless, the existing HLA architecture still has the following disadvantages:
1. The simulation components can not be reused because of the limited description ability and poor reusability of the object model based on OMT.
2. A great amount of simulation resources can not be used effectively because of the lack of the unified management and the effective mechanism of searching, finding and combining.
3. Due to the limitation of technology, the communication between the majority of federates and RTI is restricted by the network and the platform, thus interoperation of the simulation system is restricted.
4. Based on these problems, this dissertation makes a series of theoretical and technological researches on the distributed simulation system.
The main work of this dissertation can be summarized as follows:
1. Through the comparison between the architecture of HLA and that of SOA, a new architecture of distributed simulation system named SO-HLA is built based on HLA with SOA ideology. The new architecture retains the efficiency, the time consistency and other advantages of HLA. Meanwhile, it extends the interoperability and the reusability of the simulation components and realizes the composability of simulation components.
2. Simulation Component Object Model (SCOM) is proposed, which describes simulation components from the interoperation patterns and the interoperation content. Moreover, the SCOM and its classification are formally defined, and the operation of SCOM is formally described, which provide the theoretical basis for searching and combining the simulation components.
3. The conceptual system of the simulation system ontology is constructed by means of the entity-oriented systematic analysis method, and the semantic information of SCOM is increased with the help of the concepts in ontology. In this way, the description ability of SCOM is further enhanced semantically, and the reusing and combining intelligentization of simulation components is achieved.
4. With the help of the establishment of the SCOM operation rules based on semantics, the transformation between ontology language and Horn statement, as well as the SCOM operation procedures based on Prolog, the operation of SCOM based on logical reasoning came to fruition. Meanwhile, the SCOM operating services are achieved by means of Amzi! Prolog instrument.
5. The Service-Oriented Run-time Infrastructure SO-RTI is designed and implemented. This Run-time Infrastructure realizes the loose coupling between RTI and federates with the aid of the Web service, and extends the interoperability of the simulation application; realizes the callback service in the manner of calling the service of federate ambassador through RTI and thus ensures the temporal consistency of the federation.
6. The restructurable simulated federation is designed and implemented. Through the mapping between SCOM and federation and federates, the automation of federation resolution as well as that of searching and combining federate are effected.
The innovations in the dissertation can be listed as bellow:
1. The software architecture SO-HLA of the distributed simulation system based on HLA and SOA is designed from the perspectives of concept model and software structure so as to enhance the interoperability, the reusability and the combination of the distributed simulation system.
2. The ontology-based Simulation Component Object Model (SCOM) is proposed, which improves the ability of the object model in describing simulation components from both grammatical and semantic levels, and makes the publishing, searching, and combining of simulation components much more convenient.
3. The rules of SCOM operations based on semantics are presented. On the basis of this, the automation of simulation federation decomposing, simulation component searching and simulation component combining is realized.The Service-oriented Run-time Infrastructure SO-RTI is designed and implemented.
4. The Service-oriented Run-time Infrastructure SO-RTI is designed and implemented.
The achievements of the research in this dissertation have been applied to many scientific research programs of the headquarter. The results of these applications indicate that ontology-based SCOM has greatly enhanced the ability of describing simulation components, and the logical reasoning has led to automatic decomposing, searching and combination of SCOM, and integration of the previous two has strongly supported the reuse and combination of simulation components. The construction of the service-oriented SO-RTI provides the support for constructing the distributed simulation system of WAN and the Internet and extends the operability of the simulation system. Therefore, the architecture SO-HLA of the simulation system based on HLA and SOA can construct a simulation system agilely, rapidly, and efficiently.
引文
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