超声波辅助下化学复合镀工艺研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
为了降低工艺温度,提高沉积速度,更好的解决化学复合镀中第二相颗粒在镀液及镀层中分散的均匀性问题,本课题将超声波引入到传统的施镀工艺中,首先对在超声波辅助下的化学镀工艺进行了研究,着重总结了超声波辅助下镍盐、次磷酸盐、稳定剂特别是络合剂等因素对化学镀镍沉积速度和镀层性能的影响规律,初步确定了超声波辅助下化学镀镍的镀液配方和工艺条件。
     在此基础上,考察了化学复合镀Ni—P/SiC(硬性颗粒)、Ni—P/PTFE(软性颗粒),Ni—P/SiC—PTFE三种工艺中超声波的作用,并通过电子显微镜观察、孔隙率实验、极化曲线测量等对超声复合镀层的表面形貌和镀层性能做了评价。
     在SiC化学复合镀工艺的研究中,主要考察了超声作用、分散方法、SiC粒径、SiC加入量和表面活性剂等对镀层中SiC含量(vol%)及分散性的影响,确定了最佳施镀工艺。研究结果表明,在超声波辅助下,通过选择适当的镀液配方以及施镀工艺,可以使SiC粒子在镀层中得到更多、很好的分散,镀液稳定,沉积速度有所提高,镀层的耐蚀性能有明显改善。
     对于软性颗粒PTFE化学复合镀工艺的研究表明,连续的超声作用使镀液中的聚四氟乙烯发生交联沉淀,并导致被镀件电位上升而停止施镀,为此,初步摸索出了阴极极化和间歇超声波辅助下相结合的化学复合镀Ni—P/PTFE的新方法。试验结果表明,采用该方法,PTFE在镀层中分布均匀,含量较高,镀层增水性较好,镀液稳定,沉积速度较高。
     在对Ni—P/SiC—PTFE化学复合镀工艺研究中发现:当SiC的粒度接近或小于PTFE的粒径时,更有利于两种颗粒的同时复合。
Electroless composite plating is the codeposition process of one or several solid particles with metallic coatings based on electroless plating. In order to accelerate plating rate, decrease the operating temperature and disperse the particles more uniformly, electroless composite plating process was studied in ultrasonic field at low temperature. First, the electroless plating process was established by investigating the effects of Ni, H2PO2, stabilizers, especially complex agents on the plating rate and coating's properties.
    On the base of above research, the ultrasonic effects on electroless composite plating Ni -P/SiC, Ni-P/ Polytetrafluoroeyhylene(PTFE) and Ni-P/SiC-PTFE were studied. The coatings prepared by ultrasonic process were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) coating porosity Anodic polarization curves, etc.
    Through examining the factors of SiC electroless composite plating process, such as ultrasonic effects, dispersion method, content of SiC in plating solution and surfactant etc, on the SiC concentration (vol % ) and dispersing properties of coatings, the best process were developed. The results indicated that the Ni-P/SiC composite coatings presented better corrosion resistance and SiC particles dispersing at the aid of the ultrasonic.
    To the soft particles(PTFE) electroless composite plating process, the sequence ultrasonic operation can make PTFE coagulating, coursing the potential rising and preventing the plating process. However, the new method of cathodic polarization combining with intermittent plating at the aid of the ultrasonic can ensure a stable plating rate and uniform coatings.
    In the study of the Ni-P/SiC-PTFE electroless composite plating process, it was found that SiC and PTFE particles were codeposition easily if the radius of SiC is not bigger than that of PTFE particle.
引文
[1] Xinmin Huang, Zonggang Deng. Wear resistance composite coating[J]. Plating and Surface Finishing, 1993, 80(2) :62~65
    [2] Xinmin Huang, Zonggang Deng. The wear characteristics of Ni-P-SiC composite coatings[J]. Trans. Inst. Metal. Finish. 1992, 70(2):84~86
    [3] 于光.化学镀Ni-P-MoS_2复合镀层的工艺及镀层性能[J].表面技术,1996,25(4):12~14
    [4] 周荣廷.化学镀镍的原理与工艺[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1975:7
    [5] 胡信国,李桂芝.化学镀镍的现状和发展[J].腐蚀科学和防护技术,1993,5(1):59~61
    [6] 张天顺等.化学镀Ni-P合金工艺研究[J].表面技术,1999,(4):12~16
    [7] 郭海洋.化学镀镍磷镀液组份及其作用[J].铸锻热,1993,(3):12~15
    [8] 李深涛等.化学镀Ni-P合金的热处理复合强化[J].金属热处理,1997,(1):39~42
    [9] 姜晓霞,沈伟.化学镀理论及实践[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:3~4
    [10] 闫洪.现代化学镀镍和复合镀新技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1999:1~2
    [11] 胡信国,张钦京.化学镀镍技术的新进展[J].材料与表面处理,2001,(2):35~37
    [12] 周荣廷.化学镀镍的原理与工艺[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1975:34~36
    [13] 沃尔夫冈著,罗守福译.化学镀镍[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1996:9~20
    [14] Wolfgang Riedel. Electroless Nickel Plating[M].England:Finishing Publi-cations LTD.,1991:17~19
    [15] 渡边等.非晶态电镀方法及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1992:15~16
    [16] 郭鹤桐.复合镀层[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1991:1~2
    [17] 闫洪.现代化学镀镍和复合镀新技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1999:124~127
    [18] 伍学高.化学镀技术[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1985:1~82
    [19] 姜晓霞,沈伟.化学镀理论及实践[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000:460~463
    [20] G. Straffelini, D. Colombo, A. Molinari. Suface durability of electroless Ni-P composite deposits[J]. Wear, 1999, 236:179~188
    [21] 闫洪.现代化学镀镍和复合镀新技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1999:131~133
    [22] 汪敏强等.功能纳米复合材料的研究现状与展望[J].功能材料,2000,31(4):337~340
    [23] 徐龙堂,周美玲.含纳米粉镀液的电刷镀复合镀层试验研究[J].中国表面工程,1999,3:711
    [24] 冯诺,李化茂.声化学及其应用[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1992:44~46
    [25] 赵逸云,鲍慈光,冯若.声化学应用研究的新进展[J].化学通报,1994,(8):26~29
    
    
    [26] 李辉.超声波强化液-固传质的机理研究[J].沈阳化工学院学报,1994,8(3):175~180
    [27] 艾仕云.超声波在表面工程和电化学中的应用[J].表面工程杂志,1996,2:36~37
    [28] 刘均波.超声波在化学镀镍方面的应用及其催化机理[J].潍坊高等专科学校校报,2000,1:36~38
    [29] Wolfgang Riedel. Electroless Nickel Plating[M].England:Finishing Publi-cations LTD.,1991:17~19
    [30] 欧阳新平,罗浩江.低温化学镀镍研究进展[J].电镀与涂饰,2000,19(3):42~45
    [31] Glenn O Mallory. Trans[J].Inst. Met. Fin. 1978,56:81~84
    [32] Glenn O Mallory. Electroless nickel deposition in an ultrasonic field[J].Plating and Surface Finishing, 1985,11:78~82
    [33] Katsuyoshi Kobayashi, Atsushi Chiba, Naoki,Minami. Effects of ultrasound on both electrolytic and electroless nickel depositions[J].Ultrasonics, 2000,38:678~681
    [34] F. Touyeras, J.Y. Hihn, M.L. Doche. Elec-troless copper coating of epoxide plates in an ultrasonic field[J].Utrasonics Sonochemistry, 2001,8:285~290
    [35] F. Touyeras, J.Y. Hihn, S. Delalande. Ultrasound influence on the activation step before electroless coating[J].Utrasonics Sonochemistry, 2003,10:363~368
    [36] Y.S. Park, Y.H. Kim, M.N. Lee. Surdy on the effect of ultrasonic waves on the characteristics of electroless nickel deposits from an acid bath[J].Surface and Coatings Technology, 2002,153:245~251
    [37] Masahiro Okumiya, Yoshiki Tsunekawa, Takuma Saida. Creation of high strength bonded abrasive wheel with ultrasonic aided composite plating[J].Surface and Coatings Technology, 2003,169:112~115
    [38] 崔宁,杨连喜.杨熙珍.超声波对化学镀Ni-P非晶态合金性能的影响[J].山东工业大学学报,1994,24(2):121~126
    [39] 吴玉萍,李惠琪.超声波化学镀研究[J].电镀与环保,1998,18(2):16~18
    [40] 李惠琪,李惠东,吴玉萍.低温超声波化学镀镍层的组织结构与性能[J].中国有色金属学报,1998,8(4):573~578
    [41] 关长斌,周振君,于金库.超声波对化学镀Ni-Cr-P非晶态薄膜的金刚石性能的影响[J].材料科学与工艺,1996,4(3):111~114
    [42] 关长斌,周振君,于金库.超声波重复化学镀Cu-P合金对金刚石性能的影响[J].材料保护,1997,30(1):28~30
    [43] 阳范文.赵耀明等.表面活性剂对Ni—P/SiC化学复合镀层性能的影响[J].材料保护.
    
    2000,33(9):12~14
    [44]周啸,尚慧兰等.基体表面状况、表面活性剂浓度对Ni-P/PTFE化学镀层结构的响[J].材料保护.2000,33(6):1~4
    [45]梁成浩.金属腐蚀学导论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999:42~45
    [46]高叔轩,刘贵昌等.超声波辅助下中低温化学镀镍工艺的研究[J].材料保护,2004,3(3):28~30
    [47]刘国富.镍磷化学镀镀液稳定性的探讨[J].矿冶,1994,3(2):54~59
    [48]滕素珍.数理统计[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2000:4~20
    [49]黄新民,吴玉程.Ni-P-纳米TiO_2化学复合镀层[J].中国表面工程,2001.5(3):30~33
    [50]李爱昌.固体微粒对合金镀层结构的影响[J].材料保护,1995,28(7):6~10
    [51]郑华均.影响化学镀镍磷合金镀层耐蚀性的因素[J].浙江工业大学学报,1996,24(4):290~295

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700