城市隧道照明控制系统的设计与实现
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摘要
随着我国交通事业的迅速发展,城市中的隧道日渐增多。由于人眼适应新环境需要一个过程,如果隧道内外光强相差较大,汽车驾驶员出现短暂的视盲,容易导致交通事故。然而,长期以来,由于缺乏理论依据,国内现有的隧道照明系统大多采用人工操作的方式,有的甚至是长明灯,不仅严重浪费资源,也严重危害汽车驾驶员的安全行驶。
武汉首义广场地下通道是一条典型的城市公路隧道,该隧道与长江大桥相连,地处交通要道,全长620多米,车流量大。如果采用人工管理的方式显然不能满足要求。所以,应用计算机技术进行系统管理是十分必要的。本论文以该项目为背景,针对其中的照明控制子系统进行了设计与开发。主要工作概括如下:
(1)结合隧道照明通风设计规范,对隧道内的照明控制系统进行了总体设计。首先进行了系统功能需求分析,然后对控制器和开发软件的选择进行了比较和说明。结合目前典型的系统结构,对本系统进行了总体的架构设计。并给出了系统的具体组成和相关配置。
(2)对照明控制系统的软件结构进行了功能上的划分。对各个功能模块进行了详细的设计,并用组态软件加以实现。并为系统设计了两种照明模式:手动控制和自动控制。在手动控制模式下,设计并实现了专家预案控制功能和定时控制功能。在自动控制模式下,设计并实现了一种自动的照明控制方法,可根据隧道外光强来动态调节隧道内的照明模式,同时对其可靠性进行了研究。
(3)对动态调光技术进行了研究,为本系统设计了一个动态调光控制方法。对隧道监控系统的远程控制功能进行了研究与设计,并用组态软件进行了实现。
总之,论文以武汉首义广场地下通道照明控制子系统为背景,设计并实现了一种适合城市长隧道的照明控制系统。对系统的远程控制功能进行了研究与设计,并用组态软件进行了实现。对未来的城市隧道照明控制系统的设计具有很好的参考价值。
With the fast development of our domestic transportation, city tunnel increases gradually. Because the human's eye adapt to the new environment requires a process, if the light intensity has large difference between inside and outside the tunnel. The driver may have a short blind, it is easy to have accidents. However, for a long time, due to lack of theoretical basis, most of the tunnel lighting system use manual methods, and some are even in longer light. It is not only waste resources seriously, but also threats the safe driving.
Wuhan Shouyi Square tunnel is a typical city tunnel, which connected with the Changjiang River Bridge, and located along main traffic routes with a total length of over 620 meters, and the high traffic flow. The manual management can not meet the requirements. Therefore, the development of automatic control system is very necessary. In this thesis, with the background of this project, the lighting control subsystem is designed and developed. Major work is summarized as following:
(1)A total design is proposed for the lighting control system in the tunnel. Combining the design specified of lighting ventilation. Firstly, the demand analysis to the system is given. Then the thesis explains the choice of PLC and development software. Finally combining with the current classic system architecture, the thesis proposes the total system architecture, and gives the specific components of the system and related configurations.
(2)Software structure of lighting control system in function is divided. The thesis describes a detailed system design and implementation. Two modes for the lighting system are designed, which are manual control and automatic control. In the manual control mode, the thesis designs and realizes the expert control plans and timing control. In automatic control mode, the thesis designs and implements an automated lighting control method, according to light intensity of the tunnel, to adjust lighting in the tunnel model dynamically. At the same time its reliability is studied.
(3)The dynamic dimming technology is researched, and a system-based dynamic dimming control method is given. The thesis studies and designs the remote control functions for the lighting control system in city tunnel, and achieves it by configuration software.
In a word, the thesis takes the lighting control subsystem of Wuhan Shouyi Square tunnel as an example, designs and realizes an automatic lighting control system for the tunnel. At the same time, the remote control functions on the basis of this system are studied and designed. It will be a worth reference for the designing of the lighting control system in the future.
武汉首义广场地下通道是一条典型的城市公路隧道,该隧道与长江大桥相连,地处交通要道,全长620多米,车流量大。如果采用人工管理的方式显然不能满足要求。所以,应用计算机技术进行系统管理是十分必要的。本论文以该项目为背景,针对其中的照明控制子系统进行了设计与开发。主要工作概括如下:
(1)结合隧道照明通风设计规范,对隧道内的照明控制系统进行了总体设计。首先进行了系统功能需求分析,然后对控制器和开发软件的选择进行了比较和说明。结合目前典型的系统结构,对本系统进行了总体的架构设计。并给出了系统的具体组成和相关配置。
(2)对照明控制系统的软件结构进行了功能上的划分。对各个功能模块进行了详细的设计,并用组态软件加以实现。并为系统设计了两种照明模式:手动控制和自动控制。在手动控制模式下,设计并实现了专家预案控制功能和定时控制功能。在自动控制模式下,设计并实现了一种自动的照明控制方法,可根据隧道外光强来动态调节隧道内的照明模式,同时对其可靠性进行了研究。
(3)对动态调光技术进行了研究,为本系统设计了一个动态调光控制方法。对隧道监控系统的远程控制功能进行了研究与设计,并用组态软件进行了实现。
总之,论文以武汉首义广场地下通道照明控制子系统为背景,设计并实现了一种适合城市长隧道的照明控制系统。对系统的远程控制功能进行了研究与设计,并用组态软件进行了实现。对未来的城市隧道照明控制系统的设计具有很好的参考价值。
With the fast development of our domestic transportation, city tunnel increases gradually. Because the human's eye adapt to the new environment requires a process, if the light intensity has large difference between inside and outside the tunnel. The driver may have a short blind, it is easy to have accidents. However, for a long time, due to lack of theoretical basis, most of the tunnel lighting system use manual methods, and some are even in longer light. It is not only waste resources seriously, but also threats the safe driving.
Wuhan Shouyi Square tunnel is a typical city tunnel, which connected with the Changjiang River Bridge, and located along main traffic routes with a total length of over 620 meters, and the high traffic flow. The manual management can not meet the requirements. Therefore, the development of automatic control system is very necessary. In this thesis, with the background of this project, the lighting control subsystem is designed and developed. Major work is summarized as following:
(1)A total design is proposed for the lighting control system in the tunnel. Combining the design specified of lighting ventilation. Firstly, the demand analysis to the system is given. Then the thesis explains the choice of PLC and development software. Finally combining with the current classic system architecture, the thesis proposes the total system architecture, and gives the specific components of the system and related configurations.
(2)Software structure of lighting control system in function is divided. The thesis describes a detailed system design and implementation. Two modes for the lighting system are designed, which are manual control and automatic control. In the manual control mode, the thesis designs and realizes the expert control plans and timing control. In automatic control mode, the thesis designs and implements an automated lighting control method, according to light intensity of the tunnel, to adjust lighting in the tunnel model dynamically. At the same time its reliability is studied.
(3)The dynamic dimming technology is researched, and a system-based dynamic dimming control method is given. The thesis studies and designs the remote control functions for the lighting control system in city tunnel, and achieves it by configuration software.
In a word, the thesis takes the lighting control subsystem of Wuhan Shouyi Square tunnel as an example, designs and realizes an automatic lighting control system for the tunnel. At the same time, the remote control functions on the basis of this system are studied and designed. It will be a worth reference for the designing of the lighting control system in the future.
引文
[1]公路隧道通风照明设计规范(JTJ026.1-1999)
[2]刘宝川.隧道照明技术.中国照明电器,2000.(3):9-10
[3]秦瑞雯.隧道照明设计浅析.煤炭工程,2002.(3):13-14
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[7]羊梅.智能照明控制系统应用分析.成都航空职业技术学院学报,2006.(2):47-49
[8]Dubberley,M.;Agogino,A.M.;Horvath,A.;Life-cycle assessment of an intelligent lighting system using a distributed wireless mote network.10-13 May 2004 Page(s):122-127Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ISEE.2004.1299700.
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[15]吴华.公路隧道附加照明计算及控制研究.现代计算机,2002.(11):17-19
[16]郑琼水.隧道入口段照明设计探讨.公路交通技术,2007.(4):114-115
[17]马玉成,孔令旗,郭忠印.隧道入口基于照明过渡的安全运营车速及控制对策.山东交通学院学报,2007.15(1):79-84
[18]唐建国,余斌.PLC在教学楼照明控制系统中的应用.控制系统,2006.22(2-1):111-112
[19]郭斌,夏敏涛,何继东.应用PLC构成的隧道照明自动控制系统.机电工程,2005.22(8):13-15
[20]韩磊,刘木清.一种基于现场总线的分布式智能照明控制系统的设计.光源与照明,2007.(2):25-28
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[24]邹吉平.基于CAN总线的分布式智能照明控制系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学电力电子与电力传动系,2006
[25]Hasnaoui,S.;Kallel,O.;Kbaier,R.;Ahmed,S.B.An implementation of a proposed modification of CAN protocol on CAN fieldbus controller component for supporting a dynamic priority policy.Industry Applications Conference,2003.38th IAS Annual Meeting.Conference Record of the Volume 1,12-16 Oct.
[26]Miki,M.;Asayama,E.;Hiroyasu,T.;Intelligent Lighting System using Visible-Light Communication Technology.June 2006 Page(s):1-6 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICCIS.2006.252257.
[27]李俊亮.智能照明控制的应用.科学之友(B版),2006.(6):14-15
[28]胡兴军.发展中的智能照明系统.光源与照明,2004.(3):44-46
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[30]戴天,丁月华,文贵华.计算机智能照明系统的设计.电气应用,2005.24(2):57-59
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[32]Rubinstein,F.;Siminovitch,M.;Verderber,R.;Fifty percent energy savings with automatic lighting controls.Volume 29,Issue 4,July-Aug.1993 Page(s):768-773 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/28.231992.
[33]吴瑶,姜建国.基于模糊控制的节电照明控制系统.工矿自动化,2005.(6):82-84
[34]汤时达,张舜德,陈阿三.基于PC和PLC的分布式监控系统.自动化仪表,2005.26(4):54-55
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[36]叶培群.汕梅高速公路隧道群节能型智能照明控制系统研究.公路交通技术,2005.(4):173-174
[37]姚金林,朱有元.京珠高速公路粤境隧道通风、照明设计.交通科技,2007.(2):87-89
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[2]刘宝川.隧道照明技术.中国照明电器,2000.(3):9-10
[3]秦瑞雯.隧道照明设计浅析.煤炭工程,2002.(3):13-14
[4]徐钦经.Dynalite的照明控制系统.光源与照明,2004.(1):20-24
[5]Miki,M.;Hiroyasu,T.;Imazato,K.;Proposal for an intelligent lighting system,and verification of control method effectiveness.Volume 1,1-3 Dec.2004 Page(s):520-525 vol.1Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICCIS.2004.1460469.
[6]Tae Jin Park;Seung Ho Hong;Development of an Experimental Model of BACnet-based Lighting Control System.Aug.2006 Page(s):114-119 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/INDIN.2006.275745.
[7]羊梅.智能照明控制系统应用分析.成都航空职业技术学院学报,2006.(2):47-49
[8]Dubberley,M.;Agogino,A.M.;Horvath,A.;Life-cycle assessment of an intelligent lighting system using a distributed wireless mote network.10-13 May 2004 Page(s):122-127Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ISEE.2004.1299700.
[9]宋白桦,李鸿,贺科学.公路隧道照明的研究现状和发展趋势.湖南交通科技,2005.31(1):96-98
[10]罗智佳,钟汉枢,毛宗源.公路隧道照明控制系统.交通与计算机,2005.23(4):117-119
[11]宋志刚,吴浩,杜朝伟等.城市隧道照明.灯与照明,2003.27(3):1-3
[12]Farooq,S.;Bajwa,A.;Khalique,S.;Malik,O.;Suguri,H.;Ahmad,H.E;Ali,A.;SAGE-LITE:An Intelligent Light-Weight Multi-agent System.Dec.2006 Page(s):335-338 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/WI-IATW.2006.115.
[13]涂耘.公路隧道节能照明设计探讨.灯与照明,2007.31(6):37-39
[14]高远望,冯杰.隧道供配电及照明系统中节能技术综合应用探索.公路交通科技(应用技术版),2006.(8):145-147
[15]吴华.公路隧道附加照明计算及控制研究.现代计算机,2002.(11):17-19
[16]郑琼水.隧道入口段照明设计探讨.公路交通技术,2007.(4):114-115
[17]马玉成,孔令旗,郭忠印.隧道入口基于照明过渡的安全运营车速及控制对策.山东交通学院学报,2007.15(1):79-84
[18]唐建国,余斌.PLC在教学楼照明控制系统中的应用.控制系统,2006.22(2-1):111-112
[19]郭斌,夏敏涛,何继东.应用PLC构成的隧道照明自动控制系统.机电工程,2005.22(8):13-15
[20]韩磊,刘木清.一种基于现场总线的分布式智能照明控制系统的设计.光源与照明,2007.(2):25-28
[21]Martinez-Velasco JUAN A,JACINTO Martin-Arne-do.EMTP Modular Library for Power Quality Analysis.International Conference on Electric Power Engineering,1999:286.
[22]Nobuo Okabe.Issues of control networks when introducing[C].Proceeding of the 2005Symposium on Application the Internet Workshops(SAINT-W'05),2005,IEEE
[23]顾娜,李正明.基于CAN总线的智能照明控制系统.电子技术应用,2006.(9):11-13
[24]邹吉平.基于CAN总线的分布式智能照明控制系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学电力电子与电力传动系,2006
[25]Hasnaoui,S.;Kallel,O.;Kbaier,R.;Ahmed,S.B.An implementation of a proposed modification of CAN protocol on CAN fieldbus controller component for supporting a dynamic priority policy.Industry Applications Conference,2003.38th IAS Annual Meeting.Conference Record of the Volume 1,12-16 Oct.
[26]Miki,M.;Asayama,E.;Hiroyasu,T.;Intelligent Lighting System using Visible-Light Communication Technology.June 2006 Page(s):1-6 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICCIS.2006.252257.
[27]李俊亮.智能照明控制的应用.科学之友(B版),2006.(6):14-15
[28]胡兴军.发展中的智能照明系统.光源与照明,2004.(3):44-46
[29]Miki,M.;Hiroyasu,T.;Imazato,K.;Proposal for an intelligent lighting system,and verification of control method effectiveness.Volume 1,1-3 Dec.2004 Page(s):520-525vol.1 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICCIS.2004.1460469.
[30]戴天,丁月华,文贵华.计算机智能照明系统的设计.电气应用,2005.24(2):57-59
[31]Cervi,M.;Pappis,D.;Marchesan,T.B.;Campos,A.;do Prado,R.N.;A semiconductor lighting system controlled through a LIN network to automotive application.Volume 3,2-6Oct.2005 Page(s):1603-1608 Vol.3 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/IAS.2005.1518660.
[32]Rubinstein,F.;Siminovitch,M.;Verderber,R.;Fifty percent energy savings with automatic lighting controls.Volume 29,Issue 4,July-Aug.1993 Page(s):768-773 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/28.231992.
[33]吴瑶,姜建国.基于模糊控制的节电照明控制系统.工矿自动化,2005.(6):82-84
[34]汤时达,张舜德,陈阿三.基于PC和PLC的分布式监控系统.自动化仪表,2005.26(4):54-55
[35]Qian Dong,Jianying Xie.Fieldbus network implementation based on RS-485.Intelligent Control and Automation.2002,vol.4:2790-2793.
[36]叶培群.汕梅高速公路隧道群节能型智能照明控制系统研究.公路交通技术,2005.(4):173-174
[37]姚金林,朱有元.京珠高速公路粤境隧道通风、照明设计.交通科技,2007.(2):87-89
[38]戚佳金,刘晓胜,李琰等.基于动态调光的隧道照明监控系统研究.电气应用,2006.25(12):123-127
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