不同杂粕配比替代豆粕对肉大鸭生产性能的影响
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摘要
为了研究不同杂粕配比替代豆粕对肉大鸭生产性能的影响,本试验用棉籽粕、菜籽粕对豆粕实行等蛋白替代对10日龄的利加鸭进行饲养试验,并在饲养试验结束后进行了屠宰试验,对肉大鸭的生长性能和屠宰性能进行了测定。
不同杂粕配比替代豆粕对肉大鸭生产性能的影响
采用单因子完全随机设计,选取健康活泼,体重相近的10日龄利加鸭900只,随机分为9个处理,每个处理2个重复,每重复50只肉小鸭。9个处理组分别为:100%豆粕(对照组)、100%棉粕、100%菜粕、80%棉粕+20%菜粕、60%棉粕+40%菜粕、40%棉粕+60%菜粕、20%棉粕+80%菜粕、20%豆粕+24.2%菜粕+55.8%棉粕组和常规饲料组。通过在肉大鸭日粮中用棉粕和菜粕等蛋白替代豆粕,研究杂粕替代豆粕对肉鸭生产性能的影响,试验结果发现:
(1)本试验条件下,菜粕替代豆粕比例不宜超过80%,否则会影响日粮的适口性,显著降低肉鸭采食量、末重和日增重。棉粕替代豆粕比例不宜超过80%,否则会显著增加肉鸭的啄羽率。只要杂粕间的配比合适,用杂粕完全替代豆粕对肉大鸭的生长性能无不良影响。综合考虑生长性能的各项指标,当肉大鸭饲粮中用40%棉粕+60%菜粕完全替代豆粕时,肉大鸭的生长性能最优。
(2)肉鸭饲粮中用杂粕替代豆粕对肉鸭的屠宰性能无不良影响,可相对提高肉鸭的屠体率、半净膛率、全净膛率、腿肌率、胸肌率和肠容积,减少肉鸭腹脂的沉积。20%豆粕+24.2%菜粕+55.8%棉粕组肉大鸭的屠宰性能最优,此时棉粕、菜粕在肉大鸭饲粮中的用量约为10%和5%。
(3)适宜条件下,在肉鸭售价低于12元/kg时,用杂粕替代豆粕有利于提高肉鸭的经济效益。
To examine the effects of different proportions of miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal on production performance of ducks, we reared the 10-days old Lijia ducks with the equal-protein replacement of soybean meal by the cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. After the rearing, we did the slaughter experiment and analyzed the growing performance and slaughter performance of the ducks.
Experiment 1 Effects of different proportions of miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal on production performance of ducks
We used the single-factor full-randomized design of the experiment, selected 900 10-day old Lijia ducks which are healthy and similarly weighted, and allocated to 9 treatments randomly, 2 repetitions for each treatment, and 50 ducks for each repetition. The 9 treatments were: 100% soybean meal (control), 100% cottonseed meal, 100% rapeseed meal, 80% cottonseed meal + 20% rapeseed meal, 60% cottonseed meal + 40% rapeseed meal, 40% cottonseed meal + 60% rapeseed meal, 20% cottonseed meal + 80% rapeseed meal, 20% soybean meal + 55.8% cottonseed meal + 24.2% rapeseed meal and general feeding group. We examined the effects of the replacement of soybean meal by miscellaneous meal on production performance of ducks. Our results suggest that:
(1)Under these experimental conditions, the proportion of fadeseed meal should not exceed 80%, otherwise it exerts influence over the palatability of the feedstuffs and significantly decreases the daily intake、end weight and daily gain of the ducks. The proportion of cottonseed meal should not exceed 80%, otherwise it will significantly increase the rate of feather pecking. Only if the proportion of the miscellaneous meal is suitable, substitution of miscellaneous meal for soybean meal will exert no negative influence over the ducks growing performance. Considering the overall index signs as the outcome of the growing performance, when using 40% cottonseed meal + 60% rapeseed meal as a full substitute for soybean meal, the ducks growing performance was the highest.
(2)Using miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal had no negative effect on slaughter performance, on the contrary, it increased the percentage of dressing、 eviscerated yield with giblet、eviscerated yield、breast muscle and leg muscle ,as well as the capacity of intestines and decreased the percentage of abdominal lipid of the ducks. The group with 20% soybean meal + 24.2% rapeseed meal + 55.8% cottonseed meal had the best slaughter performance. In this case, the proportion of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal in ducks diet was 10% and 5%.
(3)Under suitable conditions, when the price of the ducks is as cheap as 12RMB/kg, using miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal is good to increases the economic profits.
不同杂粕配比替代豆粕对肉大鸭生产性能的影响
采用单因子完全随机设计,选取健康活泼,体重相近的10日龄利加鸭900只,随机分为9个处理,每个处理2个重复,每重复50只肉小鸭。9个处理组分别为:100%豆粕(对照组)、100%棉粕、100%菜粕、80%棉粕+20%菜粕、60%棉粕+40%菜粕、40%棉粕+60%菜粕、20%棉粕+80%菜粕、20%豆粕+24.2%菜粕+55.8%棉粕组和常规饲料组。通过在肉大鸭日粮中用棉粕和菜粕等蛋白替代豆粕,研究杂粕替代豆粕对肉鸭生产性能的影响,试验结果发现:
(1)本试验条件下,菜粕替代豆粕比例不宜超过80%,否则会影响日粮的适口性,显著降低肉鸭采食量、末重和日增重。棉粕替代豆粕比例不宜超过80%,否则会显著增加肉鸭的啄羽率。只要杂粕间的配比合适,用杂粕完全替代豆粕对肉大鸭的生长性能无不良影响。综合考虑生长性能的各项指标,当肉大鸭饲粮中用40%棉粕+60%菜粕完全替代豆粕时,肉大鸭的生长性能最优。
(2)肉鸭饲粮中用杂粕替代豆粕对肉鸭的屠宰性能无不良影响,可相对提高肉鸭的屠体率、半净膛率、全净膛率、腿肌率、胸肌率和肠容积,减少肉鸭腹脂的沉积。20%豆粕+24.2%菜粕+55.8%棉粕组肉大鸭的屠宰性能最优,此时棉粕、菜粕在肉大鸭饲粮中的用量约为10%和5%。
(3)适宜条件下,在肉鸭售价低于12元/kg时,用杂粕替代豆粕有利于提高肉鸭的经济效益。
To examine the effects of different proportions of miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal on production performance of ducks, we reared the 10-days old Lijia ducks with the equal-protein replacement of soybean meal by the cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. After the rearing, we did the slaughter experiment and analyzed the growing performance and slaughter performance of the ducks.
Experiment 1 Effects of different proportions of miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal on production performance of ducks
We used the single-factor full-randomized design of the experiment, selected 900 10-day old Lijia ducks which are healthy and similarly weighted, and allocated to 9 treatments randomly, 2 repetitions for each treatment, and 50 ducks for each repetition. The 9 treatments were: 100% soybean meal (control), 100% cottonseed meal, 100% rapeseed meal, 80% cottonseed meal + 20% rapeseed meal, 60% cottonseed meal + 40% rapeseed meal, 40% cottonseed meal + 60% rapeseed meal, 20% cottonseed meal + 80% rapeseed meal, 20% soybean meal + 55.8% cottonseed meal + 24.2% rapeseed meal and general feeding group. We examined the effects of the replacement of soybean meal by miscellaneous meal on production performance of ducks. Our results suggest that:
(1)Under these experimental conditions, the proportion of fadeseed meal should not exceed 80%, otherwise it exerts influence over the palatability of the feedstuffs and significantly decreases the daily intake、end weight and daily gain of the ducks. The proportion of cottonseed meal should not exceed 80%, otherwise it will significantly increase the rate of feather pecking. Only if the proportion of the miscellaneous meal is suitable, substitution of miscellaneous meal for soybean meal will exert no negative influence over the ducks growing performance. Considering the overall index signs as the outcome of the growing performance, when using 40% cottonseed meal + 60% rapeseed meal as a full substitute for soybean meal, the ducks growing performance was the highest.
(2)Using miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal had no negative effect on slaughter performance, on the contrary, it increased the percentage of dressing、 eviscerated yield with giblet、eviscerated yield、breast muscle and leg muscle ,as well as the capacity of intestines and decreased the percentage of abdominal lipid of the ducks. The group with 20% soybean meal + 24.2% rapeseed meal + 55.8% cottonseed meal had the best slaughter performance. In this case, the proportion of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal in ducks diet was 10% and 5%.
(3)Under suitable conditions, when the price of the ducks is as cheap as 12RMB/kg, using miscellaneous meal as a substitution for soybean meal is good to increases the economic profits.
引文
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