基于电子式互感器的智能行波测距系统
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摘要
数字化变电站是智能电网的关键节点,电子式互感器则是数字化变电站的基础性设备。目前,现有电子式互感器的数据同步方法无法满足实际需求,针对电子式互感器暂态行波信号传变方面的研究也没有取得关键进展。输电网故障的快速、可靠检测是实现智能电网安全可靠运行的主要功能之一,基于暂态信息的行波测距技术具有测距误差小、适用性强的优点,因此在输电线路故障测距方面应用广泛。传统行波测距算法存在不足之处,而且传统行波测距装置接收模拟信号,无法满足数字化变电站的需求。数字化变电站通用标准IEC61850对基于暂态行波信息的行波测距装置无具体描述,缺乏对其进行处理的逻辑节点和设备模型。
本文研究了基于电子式互感器的智能行波测距系统,主要工作和贡献如下：
针对电子式互感器数据同步的不同要求,研究了基于三次样条插值理论、高速冗余采样过程层数据混合和基于IEEE1588精确时钟协议的三种电子式互感器数据同步方式,试验验证了三种数据同步方法的正确性；目前获得广泛应用的是基于Rogowski线圈的电子式电流互感器(简称ECT),以其为研究对象,深入研究了影响ECT行波信号传变的因素,分析了ECT的暂态特性及其对行波信号的响应,针对IEC61850下行波采样值的传输问题进行了分析,系统设计了适于行波传变的ECT,并对其进行了试验验证；提出了最小二乘支持向量机与希尔伯特-黄相结合的行波测距算法,由算法求得行波波头到达时刻,然后根据双端测距原理(或者单端)实现故障测距：设计了数字化行波测距装置,装置可以直接接收符合IEC61850标准的行波采样值,并能自动上传子站和调度符合标准的故障报文,满足数字化变电站对故障测距系统的要求；研究了数字化行波测距装置的服务器模型和逻辑设备模型,对实际应用中的服务映射进行了具体分析。数字化行波测距系统信息模型的建立,使其与其它智能电子设备(IED)之间的互操作和无缝集成成为可能,同时解决了IEC61850标准下缺乏数字化行波测距装置信息模型的问题。
Digital substation is a key node of the smart grid, and electronic transformer is the basic equipment of the digital substation. The existing electronic transformer's data synchronization method cannot meet the practical demand, key progress has not obtained about the research of transient traveling wave signals'transmission and conversion for the electronic transformers.One of the main functions of the reliable and security operation of smart grid is the rapid and reliable detection of the failure of the transmission grid. The traveling wave ranging technology based on transient information is being perfected, coupled with its inherent ranging error is small and its applicability, making it more and more widely used in locating transmission line fault. Traditional traveling wave fault location algorithms have different inadequacies, and traditional traveling wave fault location devices only receive the analog signal, unable to meet the demand of digital substation, the digital substation standard IEC61850has no detailed description about the device based on transient traveling wave, no logical node and equipment device to process the device.
This paper studies the smart traveling wave fault location system based on the electronic transformer, main research work and contribution as follows:
According to the different requirements for electronic transformer's data synchronization, three electronic transformer data synchronization ways are studied: the first method is based on the cubic spline interpolation theory, the second method is based on the high-speed redundant sampling process layer data mix and the third is based on the IEEE1588precision clock protocol, the experimental results verified the validity of the three data synchronization methods;Recently electronic current transformer (ECT) based on the Rogowski Coil is widely used, this study take that into research, deeply studied the factors that affecting the traveling wave signal's transmission and conversion of the Electronic Current Transformer, analysis the transient characteristics and the response to the traveling wave signal of the electronic current transformers, aiming at the analysis of the traveling wave sampled values under IEC61850, The system of ECT which is suitable for Traveling Wave Transfer is designed and its experimental results verified its validity;Traveling wave fault location algorithm for Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) Combined with HHT is proposed, and the traveling wave head's arrival time is obtained by the algorithm, according to the double-ended ranging principle (or the single ended) to accomplish fault location;The digital traveling wave fault location device is designed.This device can directly receive the traveling wave sampling values that satisfied the IEC61850standard, and could automatically uploaded to the substation and scheduling the fault message which is standards-compliant. The device could fully meet the requirements of the digital substation for fault location system.The server model and logic device model of the digital traveling wave fault location device is studied, the service mapping in the practical application is detailed analyzed. The establishment of the digital traveling wave fault location's information model making it possible to interoperability and seamless integration among other intelligent electronic devices (IED), at the meantime, the problem of the general statute of IEC61850of digital substation lacks the digital traveling wave fault location's information model is solved.
本文研究了基于电子式互感器的智能行波测距系统,主要工作和贡献如下：
针对电子式互感器数据同步的不同要求,研究了基于三次样条插值理论、高速冗余采样过程层数据混合和基于IEEE1588精确时钟协议的三种电子式互感器数据同步方式,试验验证了三种数据同步方法的正确性；目前获得广泛应用的是基于Rogowski线圈的电子式电流互感器(简称ECT),以其为研究对象,深入研究了影响ECT行波信号传变的因素,分析了ECT的暂态特性及其对行波信号的响应,针对IEC61850下行波采样值的传输问题进行了分析,系统设计了适于行波传变的ECT,并对其进行了试验验证；提出了最小二乘支持向量机与希尔伯特-黄相结合的行波测距算法,由算法求得行波波头到达时刻,然后根据双端测距原理(或者单端)实现故障测距：设计了数字化行波测距装置,装置可以直接接收符合IEC61850标准的行波采样值,并能自动上传子站和调度符合标准的故障报文,满足数字化变电站对故障测距系统的要求；研究了数字化行波测距装置的服务器模型和逻辑设备模型,对实际应用中的服务映射进行了具体分析。数字化行波测距系统信息模型的建立,使其与其它智能电子设备(IED)之间的互操作和无缝集成成为可能,同时解决了IEC61850标准下缺乏数字化行波测距装置信息模型的问题。
Digital substation is a key node of the smart grid, and electronic transformer is the basic equipment of the digital substation. The existing electronic transformer's data synchronization method cannot meet the practical demand, key progress has not obtained about the research of transient traveling wave signals'transmission and conversion for the electronic transformers.One of the main functions of the reliable and security operation of smart grid is the rapid and reliable detection of the failure of the transmission grid. The traveling wave ranging technology based on transient information is being perfected, coupled with its inherent ranging error is small and its applicability, making it more and more widely used in locating transmission line fault. Traditional traveling wave fault location algorithms have different inadequacies, and traditional traveling wave fault location devices only receive the analog signal, unable to meet the demand of digital substation, the digital substation standard IEC61850has no detailed description about the device based on transient traveling wave, no logical node and equipment device to process the device.
This paper studies the smart traveling wave fault location system based on the electronic transformer, main research work and contribution as follows:
According to the different requirements for electronic transformer's data synchronization, three electronic transformer data synchronization ways are studied: the first method is based on the cubic spline interpolation theory, the second method is based on the high-speed redundant sampling process layer data mix and the third is based on the IEEE1588precision clock protocol, the experimental results verified the validity of the three data synchronization methods;Recently electronic current transformer (ECT) based on the Rogowski Coil is widely used, this study take that into research, deeply studied the factors that affecting the traveling wave signal's transmission and conversion of the Electronic Current Transformer, analysis the transient characteristics and the response to the traveling wave signal of the electronic current transformers, aiming at the analysis of the traveling wave sampled values under IEC61850, The system of ECT which is suitable for Traveling Wave Transfer is designed and its experimental results verified its validity;Traveling wave fault location algorithm for Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) Combined with HHT is proposed, and the traveling wave head's arrival time is obtained by the algorithm, according to the double-ended ranging principle (or the single ended) to accomplish fault location;The digital traveling wave fault location device is designed.This device can directly receive the traveling wave sampling values that satisfied the IEC61850standard, and could automatically uploaded to the substation and scheduling the fault message which is standards-compliant. The device could fully meet the requirements of the digital substation for fault location system.The server model and logic device model of the digital traveling wave fault location device is studied, the service mapping in the practical application is detailed analyzed. The establishment of the digital traveling wave fault location's information model making it possible to interoperability and seamless integration among other intelligent electronic devices (IED), at the meantime, the problem of the general statute of IEC61850of digital substation lacks the digital traveling wave fault location's information model is solved.
引文
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