二维空间偏振编码信号的同步与译码研究
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摘要
激光驾束制导的核心是激光的编、译码技术。空间偏振编码技术利用光波偏振态在空间分布的差异使光束含有空间位置信息。空间位置的确定需要水平和垂直两个方向的位置信息,二维编码信号的同步传输与区分是空间偏振编、译码技术的难点。介绍了激光驾束制导系统的基本原理,研究了光束空间偏振编、译码技术,提出了一种实现二维偏振编码信号同步传输与译码的方案。采用不同频率的矩形脉冲信号对水平编码器和垂直编码器的驱动电压进行调制,实现了二维偏振编码信号的同步传输。利用带通滤波器完成了二维编码信号的区分。根据空间偏振译码原理和二维同步偏振编码信号的特点,构建了由接收光学系统和信号处理电路组成的接收译码系统。信号处理电路以单片机为系统控制和数据运算的核心,结合滤波器等外围电路实现了二维空间偏振编码信号的译码。在实验室条件下,进行了二维偏振编码信号的区分及译码,并对实验中可能存在的误差做出了分析。实验结果表明二维偏振编码信号的同步与译码方案具有可行性。
The core of laser beam-riding guidance is the laser encoding and decoding technology. The spatial polarization encoding technology uses the difference of polarization states in space to make the light contain position information. The determination of spatial position needs both horizontal and vertical information, The synchronous transmission and distinction of two-dimensional encoded signal is the key of laser encoding and decoding technology. The fundamental theory of laser beam-riding guidance is introduced, spatial polarization encoding and decoding technology is studied, a mothod to achieve the synchronous transmission and distinction of two-dimensional encoded signal is present. To achieve the synchronous transmission of two-dimensional signal, rectangular pulse signals with different frequency are used and to modulate the horizontal & vertical encoders'driving voltage. Band-pass filter is used to distinguish the two-dimentional encoded signal. According to the principle of spatial polarization decoding and the characteristics of two-dimensional synchronous encoded signal, the signal receiving and decoding system is set up, including optical receiving system and signal processing circuit. A single chip microcomputer is used as the core chip in the signal processing circuit, it decodes the two-dimentional encoded signal with band-pass filter and other modules. Under the laboratory condition, the two-dimentional encoded signal is decoded, and the system errors possibly existing are analyzed. The results show that the method to synchronously transmit and decode two-dimensional polarization encoded signal is feasible.
The core of laser beam-riding guidance is the laser encoding and decoding technology. The spatial polarization encoding technology uses the difference of polarization states in space to make the light contain position information. The determination of spatial position needs both horizontal and vertical information, The synchronous transmission and distinction of two-dimensional encoded signal is the key of laser encoding and decoding technology. The fundamental theory of laser beam-riding guidance is introduced, spatial polarization encoding and decoding technology is studied, a mothod to achieve the synchronous transmission and distinction of two-dimensional encoded signal is present. To achieve the synchronous transmission of two-dimensional signal, rectangular pulse signals with different frequency are used and to modulate the horizontal & vertical encoders'driving voltage. Band-pass filter is used to distinguish the two-dimentional encoded signal. According to the principle of spatial polarization decoding and the characteristics of two-dimensional synchronous encoded signal, the signal receiving and decoding system is set up, including optical receiving system and signal processing circuit. A single chip microcomputer is used as the core chip in the signal processing circuit, it decodes the two-dimentional encoded signal with band-pass filter and other modules. Under the laboratory condition, the two-dimentional encoded signal is decoded, and the system errors possibly existing are analyzed. The results show that the method to synchronously transmit and decode two-dimensional polarization encoded signal is feasible.
引文
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[3]郭修煌.精确制导技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,1999
[4]王狂飙.激光制导武器的现状、关键技术与发展[J].红外与激光工程,2007,36(5)：651-655
[5]Bahram Javidi. Polarization encoding for optical security systems[J]. Optical Engineering, 2000,39 (9):2439-2443
[6]钱义先,程晓薇,张剑家等.激光驾束制导系统编码调制技术的研究[J].长春理工大学学报,2006,29(3)：1-4
[7]邓仁亮.光学制导技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,1994
[8]江月松,李小路,陈海亭.一种驾束式激光制导仪的基本组成和制导过程[J].光学技术,2005,31(3)：354-356
[9]江月松,李小路,陈海亭.驾束式激光制导仪的制导误差与“高飞”状态的实现[J].光学技术,2005,31(4)：483-485
[10]屈卫东.激光驾束制导光束编码设计及电气实现[J].弹箭与制导学报,1997,3：1-5
[11]王狂飙,张天桥.激光驾束制导的仿真研究[J].南京理工大学学报,2001,25(2)：125-128
[12]魏文俭,秦石乔,战德军等.激光半主动寻的制导激光编码的研究[J].激光与红外,2008,38(12)：1199-1203
[13]Yeh Fu-KuangChien,Hsiuan-Hau,FuLi-Chen. Nonlinear optical Sliding Mode midcource Controller with thrust vector control proceedings of the Amarican Control[C]. Conference, 2002, Vol 2. May:8-10
[14]周木春,陈延如,赵琦等.激光偏振编码制导中铌酸锂晶体编码技术研究[J].光学学报,2006,26(2)：290-293
[15]Barrett,R.,Barrel-Launched Micro Aerial Vehicles:Challenges,Designs and Opportunities, invited lecture at the Micro Air Vehicle Applications to Indigenous Targeting for Missile and Cannon Launch Platforms workshop[R]. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen,MD 23 April 1997
[16]周木春,陈延如,赵琦.激光驾束制导偏振编码器设计参数[J].红外与激光工程,2008,37(6)：1025-1028
[17]Changsheng Li. Stepped polarization states:Representation and its applications to optical
sensing and measuremen[J]. Optics Communications,2008,281:2033-2039
[18]Toshitaka Wakayama. Two-dimensional measurement of birefringence dispersion using spectroscopic polarized light[J]. Optical Engineering,2006,45(3):033601-1-033601-6
[19]冯显杰,刘剑飞.空间目标偏振控制技术研究[J].半导体光电,2000,21(1)：37-40
[20]Takumi Minemoto. Optical parallel logic gate using light modulators with the Pockels effect:applications to fundamental components for optical digital computing[J]. APPLIED OPTICS,1986,2.5(11):4046-4052
[21]冯显杰,李元浩,李相银等.偏振光学编码器的编码及解码分析[J].南京理工大学学报,1996,20(6)：556-559
[22]Wan De'An, et al. Basic Experimental Investigation On the Laser Beam Stability in the Method of Laser Datum[M]. Xith ICPR 1991
[23]夏思宇.精确制导技术及其现状与发展[J].航空科学技术,2003(1)：1-2
[24]S.A.Asselborn. A method of measurement of polarized light ellipticity only[J]. SPIE, 2005,6024:60240D-1-60240D-6
[25]David W Lu.Polarization-encoded optical shadow casting:design of trinary multipliers [J]. APPLIED OPTICS,1991,29(10):5242-5252
[26]Davis JA. Two-dimensional polarization encoding with a phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulator[J]. Applied Optics,2000,39(10):1549-1554
[27]郁道银,谈恒英.工程光学[M].第2版.北京：机械工业出版社,2006
[28]Jan Vanhoof. High-level synthesis for real-time digital signal processing[M],1st ed. Dordrecht:kluwer Academic Publishers,1993
[29]Arturo Nogueira-Jimenez. Silicon photodiode responsivity on the visible region[J]. SPIE, 2006,6024:602424-1-602424-5
[30]廖延彪.偏振光学[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[31]周木春,陈延如,赵琦等.激光制导中偏振态动态检测技术研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,26(8)：87-89
[32]徐天成,谷亚林,钱铃.信号与系统[M].第3版.北京：电子工业出版社,2008
[33]尉云峰.RC有源滤波器优化综合技术研究[J].机电工程,2002,19(4)：34-35
[34]李端,艾永乐.基于Multisim的二阶有源滤波器的研究[J].北京电子科技学院学报,2009,17(2)：12-16
[35](美)陈惠开.无源与有源滤波器-理论与应用(徐守义等译)[Z].北京：人民邮电出版社,1989
[36](美)D.E.Johnson.有源滤波器精确设计手册(李国荣译)[Z].北京：电子工业出版社,1984
[37]林春方.一种高性能的双二次型有源带通滤波器的研制[J].皖西学院学报,2006,22(5)：54-58
[38]任辉.集成运放在实际应用中若干技术问题的讨论[J].四川师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(5)：508-510
[39]汪汉新,喻胜辉.基于Pspice的四阶有源带通滤波器的统计优化设计[J].中南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2006,25(3)：55-57
[40]谭阳红,蒋文科,何怡刚等.基于OrCad10.5的电子电路分析与设计[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007
[41]汪建民.Pspice电路设计与应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007
[42]雷玉堂,王庆有,何加铭等.光电检测技术[M].北京：中国计量出版社,2006
[43]刘娇月.精密仪器中光电探测器件的特性与选用[J].武汉船舶职业技术学院学报,2009,2：32-35
[44]阮(?),宁提纲,裴丽等.光通信中的主流光电探测器研究[J].光电技术应用,2008,23(3)：9-12
[45]刘彬,张秋婵.光电检测前置放大电路的设计[J].燕山大学学报,2003,27(3)：193-196
[46]陈张玮,李玉和,李庆祥等.光电探测器前级放大电路设计与研究[J].电测与仪表,2005,6：32-34
[47]李远明,陈文涛.微弱光信号前置放大电路设计[J].设计参考,2007,9(8)：256-259
[48]Kalevi Hyyppa. Low-Noise Photodiode-Amplifier Circuit[J]. IEEE,1994,29(3):362-365
[49]Znamirowski L,Palusinski O A,Vrudhula S B K. Programmable Analog/Digital Arrays in Control and Simulation[J]. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,2004,39 (4): 55-73
[50]Li J Moon U. Background calibration techniques for multi-stage pipelined ADCs with digital redundanc[J]. IEEE TCAS-Ⅱ,2003,50(9):531-538.
[51]马忠梅.单片机的C语言应用程序设计[M].第3版.北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[52]张洪润,孙悦,张亚凡.单片机原理及应用[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2008
[53]刘炜琪,胡新宇.一种单片机扩展输入输出口的方法[J].中国水运,2007,7(6)：170-171
[54]谭浩强.C程序设计[M].第3版.北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[55]谢维成,杨加国.单片机原理与应用及C51程序设计[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[56]倪志波,宋连科,刘建苹等.对影响1／4波片使用精度因素的理论研究[J].激光杂志,2007,28(1)：31-32
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