DVB-S数字电视机顶盒关键技术的研究与实现
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摘要
随着数字视频广播业务的发展,数字电视机顶盒作为整个数字视频广播系统的终端设备正在得到越来越广泛的应用。为了使现有的模拟电视机能够收看数字电视节目,需要一种转换装置,因此数字电视机顶盒应运而生。数字电视机顶盒是能够接收数字电视信号,并在对数字信号完成相应处理后通过模拟电视机播出的一种家用电子产品。因此对数字电视机顶盒的研究具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。
论文首先讨论了数字电视机顶盒的工作原理,并对数字电视机顶盒的视频编码技术、MUSICCAM音频编码算法和MPEG-2系统复用技术作了详细的阐述。本文研究了基于ST5105解码芯片的数字电视机顶盒的设计与开发,阐述了数字电视机顶盒的硬件结构方案和基于嵌入式实时操作系统STLite/OS20的软件层次架构。在应用程序开发上采用模块化设计规则,尽量保持各个任务模块间的独立性,同时建立模块间灵活的通信机制,以达到机顶盒的实时要求,完成各项应用功能。
在成功搭建了数字电视机顶盒软硬件平台的基础上,完成了应用软件中节目操作管理模块的设计;在研究了MPEG-2标准PSI信息结构和DVB标准SI信息结构的基础上,开发了基于节目存储数据库的节目自动搜索和手动搜索功能;在分析了Flash存储结构的基础上,设计了串口通信协议和通信原语,完成了软件空中升级和串口升级的功能设计,并对提高串口升级速度作了一定的分析。最后对本文进行了总结和展望。
With the development of the business of digital video broadcasting, the DVB-S Set Top Box (STB) is used widely which is the terminal equipment of the digital video broadcasting system. It needs a kind of transforming machine to receive and show the digital TV program by the analog TV set, so set top box is coming .STB could receive the digital television signal and could handle the signal to becoming the analog sound and video signal, at last it could be shown on the analog TV set. So the research of STB is valuable for theory and reality.
In the paper, it first discusses the theory of STB and it introduces video coding technology, the MUSIC CAM algorithm of sound coding and the MPEG-2 system multiplexing technology. This paper researches the design and development of STB which is based on the ST5105. It gives out hardware design and software layers structure which is based on the embedded system STLite/OS20. During designing the applying layer program, it adopts the rule of module. It works hard to keeps the independence among the modules and establishes the flexible communication rules to accomplish the requirement of timing and applying function.
After building the platform of hardware and software, I accomplished the design of the module of program managing and operating. I researched the PSI of MPEG-2 standard and the SI of DVB standard, at the same time I developed the function of automatic searching program and searching program by hand. At the same time I designed the communication rules and analyzed the saving situation of Flash and finished the coding of software promoting by air and serial interface. And I researched the methods of improving the speed of software promoting by serial interface. At last, it discusses the overall and the prospect.
论文首先讨论了数字电视机顶盒的工作原理,并对数字电视机顶盒的视频编码技术、MUSICCAM音频编码算法和MPEG-2系统复用技术作了详细的阐述。本文研究了基于ST5105解码芯片的数字电视机顶盒的设计与开发,阐述了数字电视机顶盒的硬件结构方案和基于嵌入式实时操作系统STLite/OS20的软件层次架构。在应用程序开发上采用模块化设计规则,尽量保持各个任务模块间的独立性,同时建立模块间灵活的通信机制,以达到机顶盒的实时要求,完成各项应用功能。
在成功搭建了数字电视机顶盒软硬件平台的基础上,完成了应用软件中节目操作管理模块的设计;在研究了MPEG-2标准PSI信息结构和DVB标准SI信息结构的基础上,开发了基于节目存储数据库的节目自动搜索和手动搜索功能;在分析了Flash存储结构的基础上,设计了串口通信协议和通信原语,完成了软件空中升级和串口升级的功能设计,并对提高串口升级速度作了一定的分析。最后对本文进行了总结和展望。
With the development of the business of digital video broadcasting, the DVB-S Set Top Box (STB) is used widely which is the terminal equipment of the digital video broadcasting system. It needs a kind of transforming machine to receive and show the digital TV program by the analog TV set, so set top box is coming .STB could receive the digital television signal and could handle the signal to becoming the analog sound and video signal, at last it could be shown on the analog TV set. So the research of STB is valuable for theory and reality.
In the paper, it first discusses the theory of STB and it introduces video coding technology, the MUSIC CAM algorithm of sound coding and the MPEG-2 system multiplexing technology. This paper researches the design and development of STB which is based on the ST5105. It gives out hardware design and software layers structure which is based on the embedded system STLite/OS20. During designing the applying layer program, it adopts the rule of module. It works hard to keeps the independence among the modules and establishes the flexible communication rules to accomplish the requirement of timing and applying function.
After building the platform of hardware and software, I accomplished the design of the module of program managing and operating. I researched the PSI of MPEG-2 standard and the SI of DVB standard, at the same time I developed the function of automatic searching program and searching program by hand. At the same time I designed the communication rules and analyzed the saving situation of Flash and finished the coding of software promoting by air and serial interface. And I researched the methods of improving the speed of software promoting by serial interface. At last, it discusses the overall and the prospect.
引文
[1]刘修文.数字机顶盒技术概述[J].中国有线电视,2000(7):27-28.
[2]刘开华.机顶盒与数字电视[J].电子世界,2003(1):7-9.
[3]ATSC A/54.Guide to the Use of the ATSC Digital Television Standard[S],1995.
[4]杜百川等.数字视频广播(DVB)标准及系统设备[S].广播电影电视部标准化规划研究所,1997.
[5]谈黎红.我国数字电视的发展[J].广播与电视技术,2003(12):27-28.
[6]雄保全.数字电视机顶盒发展前景及策略[J].西部广播电视,2003(7):20-21.
[7]孟凡定.DVB的现状与前景[J].电视技术,1999(7):15-18.
[8]郑志航等.全数字高清晰度电视和DVB[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,1997(2):16-20.
[9]孙志行,宋玉炎等.数字机顶盒技术及其市场前景[J].电视技术,2002(1):46-49.
[10]林福宗.多媒体技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:208-252.
[11]林建俊.数字电视机顶盒及其在国内的发展[J].中国有线电视,2003(16):9-12.
[12]EN 301 192,Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);DVB specification for data broadcasting[S],1999.
[13]国狄非.高清晰度电视机顶盒信源解码器硬件研究[D].天津:天津大学,2001:9-18.
[14]余兆明,余智.数字电视传输与组网[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:75-123.
[15]黎洪松.数字视频技术及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:53-158.
[16]张鸣瑞,邹世开.编码理论[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1990:1-27.
[17]ISO/IEC 13818-1 Information technology-Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information:systems[S],1996.
[18]STx5105 datasheet.STMicroelectronics[EB/OL].http//www.st.com,2004.
[19]W.S.Ciciora.Inside Set-Top Box.IEEE Spectrum Magazine[J],1995(4):70-75.
[20]邹逢兴.微型计算机接口原理与技术[M]。长沙:国防科技大学出版社,1993:67-69.
[21]ST20 Embedded Toolset R2.2.1 User Manual[Z].STMicroelectronics,2002.
[22]R.Jaeger.Set-top-box Software Architectures for Digital Video Broadcasting and Interactive Services[J].IEEE,2001,47(3):843-849.
[23][美]David E.Simon著;陈向群等译.嵌入式系统软件教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:87-170.
[24][美]T.Sridhar著;彭甫阳,王怀彬,王安生译.嵌入式通信软件设计[M].北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社,2004:13-50+119-140.
[25]STLite/OS20 Real-Time Kernel Reference Manual[Z].STMicroelectron,1998.
[26]王信乐.基于嵌入式操作系统的图形用户接口的研究与设计[D].天津:天津大学,2006:5-17.
[27]GY/Z175-2001,数字视频广播中文业务信息规范[S].国家广播电影电视总局,2001.
[28]R.E.Blahut.Principles and Practice of Information Theory[M].Reading,MA:Addison-wesley,1987.
[29]ETR 162,Digital broadcasting system for television,sound and data services;Allocate of Service Information(SI)codes for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)system[S],1995.
[30]ETSI TR 211,Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information (SI)[S],2000.
[31]Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);Multimedia Home Platform(MHP)Specification 1.2[S],2007.
[32]ETSI.EP-DVB Common Scrambling Specifications,Version 1.2[S],1996.
[33]ETR 154,Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems,Video and Audio in satellite,cableand terrestrial broadcasting applications[J],1997.
[34]A028,Technical specification of SimulCrypt in DVB systems[S].DVB Project Office,1997.
[35]姜秀华.数字电视广播中的业务信息[J].北京广播学院学报(自然科学版).2002(9):36-45.
[36]方涛.数字电视业务信息及其编码[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2003:17-215.
[37]陈晓春,周祖成,罗建平.数字电视接收端实施数据库的实现[J].TV Engineering.2003(8):43-45.
[38]韩军.数字电视终端中的存储器配置及应用[J].现代电视技术.2003(6):60-61.
[39]刘宝锋,张文军.机顶盒应用软件模块的设计与实现[J].计算机工程.2004(30):85-87.
[40]ETSI EN 300 429,Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB):framing structure,channel coding and modulation for cable system[S],1998.
[2]刘开华.机顶盒与数字电视[J].电子世界,2003(1):7-9.
[3]ATSC A/54.Guide to the Use of the ATSC Digital Television Standard[S],1995.
[4]杜百川等.数字视频广播(DVB)标准及系统设备[S].广播电影电视部标准化规划研究所,1997.
[5]谈黎红.我国数字电视的发展[J].广播与电视技术,2003(12):27-28.
[6]雄保全.数字电视机顶盒发展前景及策略[J].西部广播电视,2003(7):20-21.
[7]孟凡定.DVB的现状与前景[J].电视技术,1999(7):15-18.
[8]郑志航等.全数字高清晰度电视和DVB[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,1997(2):16-20.
[9]孙志行,宋玉炎等.数字机顶盒技术及其市场前景[J].电视技术,2002(1):46-49.
[10]林福宗.多媒体技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:208-252.
[11]林建俊.数字电视机顶盒及其在国内的发展[J].中国有线电视,2003(16):9-12.
[12]EN 301 192,Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);DVB specification for data broadcasting[S],1999.
[13]国狄非.高清晰度电视机顶盒信源解码器硬件研究[D].天津:天津大学,2001:9-18.
[14]余兆明,余智.数字电视传输与组网[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:75-123.
[15]黎洪松.数字视频技术及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:53-158.
[16]张鸣瑞,邹世开.编码理论[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1990:1-27.
[17]ISO/IEC 13818-1 Information technology-Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information:systems[S],1996.
[18]STx5105 datasheet.STMicroelectronics[EB/OL].http//www.st.com,2004.
[19]W.S.Ciciora.Inside Set-Top Box.IEEE Spectrum Magazine[J],1995(4):70-75.
[20]邹逢兴.微型计算机接口原理与技术[M]。长沙:国防科技大学出版社,1993:67-69.
[21]ST20 Embedded Toolset R2.2.1 User Manual[Z].STMicroelectronics,2002.
[22]R.Jaeger.Set-top-box Software Architectures for Digital Video Broadcasting and Interactive Services[J].IEEE,2001,47(3):843-849.
[23][美]David E.Simon著;陈向群等译.嵌入式系统软件教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:87-170.
[24][美]T.Sridhar著;彭甫阳,王怀彬,王安生译.嵌入式通信软件设计[M].北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社,2004:13-50+119-140.
[25]STLite/OS20 Real-Time Kernel Reference Manual[Z].STMicroelectron,1998.
[26]王信乐.基于嵌入式操作系统的图形用户接口的研究与设计[D].天津:天津大学,2006:5-17.
[27]GY/Z175-2001,数字视频广播中文业务信息规范[S].国家广播电影电视总局,2001.
[28]R.E.Blahut.Principles and Practice of Information Theory[M].Reading,MA:Addison-wesley,1987.
[29]ETR 162,Digital broadcasting system for television,sound and data services;Allocate of Service Information(SI)codes for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)system[S],1995.
[30]ETSI TR 211,Guidelines on implementation and usage of service information (SI)[S],2000.
[31]Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);Multimedia Home Platform(MHP)Specification 1.2[S],2007.
[32]ETSI.EP-DVB Common Scrambling Specifications,Version 1.2[S],1996.
[33]ETR 154,Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems,Video and Audio in satellite,cableand terrestrial broadcasting applications[J],1997.
[34]A028,Technical specification of SimulCrypt in DVB systems[S].DVB Project Office,1997.
[35]姜秀华.数字电视广播中的业务信息[J].北京广播学院学报(自然科学版).2002(9):36-45.
[36]方涛.数字电视业务信息及其编码[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2003:17-215.
[37]陈晓春,周祖成,罗建平.数字电视接收端实施数据库的实现[J].TV Engineering.2003(8):43-45.
[38]韩军.数字电视终端中的存储器配置及应用[J].现代电视技术.2003(6):60-61.
[39]刘宝锋,张文军.机顶盒应用软件模块的设计与实现[J].计算机工程.2004(30):85-87.
[40]ETSI EN 300 429,Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB):framing structure,channel coding and modulation for cable system[S],1998.