沙棘、柠条、红柳制浆性能的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
随着人们生活水平的提高,木浆的消费量也越来越大。我国是森林资源较为缺乏的国家,近年来提出的保护森林资源的政策,更进一步加剧了国内木浆需求间的缺口。解决之道就是,建立纸浆专用的速生林,走“林纸结合”的道路。目前我国的某些地区已经展开了这方面的实践,并取得了初步的成效。
     然而,对于自然条件较为恶劣的地区,例如终年干旱、盐碱地等,大力发展常规的速生林显然是不可行的。这就需要结合当地的自身情况,开辟纸浆材的新品种。
     沙棘、柠条和红柳就是能够在较为恶劣的自然环境中生长的植物资源。它们储量丰富,易于栽培,国内有大量发展的人工林。如果在它们已知的较好的经济价值和生态价值的基础上,能够研究其制浆价值,必将为全面利用这三种资源以及发展地区经济开辟一条崭新的道路。
     本论文对这三种原料纤维形态、化学组成、烧碱葸醌法蒸煮进行了试验和讨论。并运用统计软件对试验结果进行了回归分析,最终得到了这三种原料浆得率、硬度和蒸煮因素间的回归方程。通过对回归方程的预测得到了较适宜的制浆条件。本论文也对这三种原料的HPP三段漂白进行了探索性试验,并对成纸物理强度性能进行了测定。
     试验发现,这三种原料的纤维长度接近普通毛白杨,略小于稻草,木材中的纤维素含量较高,木素含量接近阔叶木平均值,抽出物含量不高。在预测的适宜的制浆条件下,这三种原料的浆得率可以达到40%以上。结合其强度指标以及漂白性能,认为可以考虑采用这三种原料生产或配抄满足生产需要的纸浆。
     最后,论文对今后的研究提出了建议。
With the improving of people's living conditions, more and more pulp made from wood will be consumed. As we know, China is a country with insufficient forestry resources. The policies such as handing the exiting soil back to forestry made by government these years in order to protect environment have widen the gap between the demand and supply. One way to solve this problem is to establish special forestry for pulping industry and follow the rule of uniting forestry and paper industry. In this spirit, more and more forestry has been cultivated and by doing which the efficiency in ecology and economy has been improved in some place of China.
    But to some place that is in bad natural conditions, such as too dry, salina and so on, this is not pretty practical. We must blaze a way in getting wood resources.
    To our content, Hippophaerhamnoidesl, Caragana korshinskii and Red willow are such wood species that can grow well in bad natural conditions. They are easy to be cultivated. And with the promotion of local governments, more and more special forestry mainly consists of these species will be cultivated. Therefore, the research on the pulping properties and the discuss on the best pulping conditions of these three species will provide us with a new way to fully utilize these resource and develop local economy, in addition with the research on their efficiency in ecology and economy.
    In this paper, the fiber morphology, chemical components and the Soda-AQ cooking effect were discussed. After putting these results into regression analysis, we set up a regression equation for coarse pulp yield and kappa with certain cooking conditions, that is Dosage of NaOH, Dosage of AQ, pressure-raising hours, pressure-keeping hours and the ratio of cooking liquid to fiber weight on moisture-free basis. With this regression equation, we forecast the suitable cooking conditions for these three species respectively. The bleaching with HPP, a three stage element chlorine free bleaching, was also briefly studied in order to know their bleachability. At last, the paper strength properties made by these species were tested.
    In these tests, we found that each of the fiber length of these three species is adjacent to poplar, a little less than rice straw, and the cellulose content is a little higher. The lignin content is close to hardwoods. And the benzene-alcohol extractives content is not high. By
    
    
    the studies on the pulping, we know that the coarse pulp yield will easily exceed 40%. Considering the results of the bleaching of these pulp and the tests on strength indexes of the paper made by these pulp, we believe these three species can be used to produce pulp or by mixing with long fiber chemical pulp to meet certain requirements. At last suggestions for the future studies were given.
引文
1.曹朴方.抓住机遇,加快造纸工业原料结构调整,促进造纸工业发展.国际造纸,21(6):13~14
    2.常用非木材纤维碱法制浆实用手册.中国轻工业出版社,1993.
    3.陈长武等.几种制浆方法评价的介绍.天津造纸,1995,2:21~26
    4.陈方等.桉木化机浆制浆过程中木素结构的变化.纤维素科学与技术,1996,4(3):30~35
    5.陈方等.桉木木素的傅立叶变换红外光谱研究.纤维素科学与技术,1994,2(2):14~20
    6.陈嘉翔.元素氯与次氯酸盐漂白的危害与污染控制.纸和造纸,1994,1:57~58
    7.陈嘉翔.制浆原理与工程,中国轻工业出版社,1992年8月
    8.陈嘉翔.抓住加入WTO机遇,加速发展造纸工业迈进光辉灿烂的新世纪.PaperScience&Technology,2001.20(1):1~4
    9.陈苏平等.打浆过程控制的现状和趋势.China Pulp&Paper,1994,3:51~56
    10.陈中毫等.麦草、麦草化机浆过氧化氢漂白前后浆中残余木素结构的变化.广东造纸,1998,2:8~11
    11.董健,赵文华,黄国学.林纸结合发展现状与分析.辽宁林业科技,1998,4:51~53
    12.方红等.造纸纤维原料的评价:19~22
    13.方金全等.红麻木质部化机浆残余木素的特性.中国造纸学报,1994,Vol.9:20~25
    14.费振羽等.非木材纤维制浆技术近况.国际造纸,1994,13(5):17~20
    15.付时雨.生物漂白过程木素结构的红外光谱分析.纤维素科学与技术,2000,8(2):30~35
    16.付英娟等.碱法化学浆制浆新方法.North pulp and paper,1995,3:32~34
    17.郭广源.制浆造纸工艺及设备(下册).轻工业出版社,1985:31~32.
    18.国外造纸编辑部.21世纪世界制浆造纸工业技术发展趋势—化学浆技术动向.国外造纸,1994:3~10
    19.黄晨等.SAS多元回归统计分析在煮茧工艺设计中的应用.丝绸,2003,4:9~11
    20.黄干强.ECF还是TCF——湛江木浆厂漂白工艺方案的思考.广东造纸,1998,1:18~21
    21.霍生祥等.依托资源优势发展沙棘经济.中国水土保持,2000,9:33~35
    22.家园守护神——红柳.生物学教学,2003,28(9):55
    23.贾彬等.化学浆过氧化氢漂白.纸和造纸,1998,5:37
    24.蒋华松等.阔叶材原料特性与制浆之间关系的探讨.中国造纸,1998,1:36~39
    25.景宜.纸张的断裂韧性和撕裂度的比较.中华纸业,2000,21(5):44~45
    26.凯西.制浆造纸化学工艺学.轻工业出版社,1998.
    27.亢奋敏.对柠条生态效益的研究.山西林业,1999,No.6:18
    28.刘明友等.浅谈红麻全杆木素结构特点及其碱脱除特性.中国造纸学报,1996,Vol11:1~4
    
    
    29.刘少江等.沙棘的应用及其产业的发展.防护林科技,2000,4:55~56
    30.刘文军等.麦草制浆特性及其发展.湖北造纸,1998,3:11~15
    31.刘晓莉.试验设计中多元回归分析方法的研究.佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2000,18(3):7~10
    32.龙柱等.碱法制浆技术的进展浅析.天津造纸,1999,2:30~33
    33.卢娴等.差示红外光谱技术在术素化学结构研究中的应用.黑龙江造纸,1999,3:3~5
    34.穆环珍等.碱法制浆造纸黑液良性循环处理技术研究.环境保护,2000,6:14~16
    35.彭毓秀.短周期桦木浆打浆造纸特性的研究.中国造纸,1994,6:8~13
    36.秦梦华等.麦草NaOH-AQ浆高白度无氯和低氯漂白新工艺的研究.中国造纸学报,1998,3:22~26
    37.秦钟等.几种生产工艺在草浆黑液处理中的应用.海南大学学报自然科学版,2002,20(1):83~88
    38.全金英.纤维性质对成纸性能的影响.林产工业,1996,24(6):11~15
    39.任维羡等.红麻皮烧碱葸醌法化学浆蒸煮过程中木素结构的变化.中国造纸学报,1995,Vol.10:1~6
    40.唐新德.酸化法提取木素在造纸黑液治理中的应用探析.环境工程,1996,14(2):12~15
    41.田兰凤等.全杆柠条强韧纸浆的生产工艺.Paper and Papermaking,2002,5(3):25
    42.王宏斌.三倍体毛白杨纸浆制浆特性研究.北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2003
    43.王菊华.中国造纸纤维原料纤维特性及显微图谱.中国轻工业出版社,1999.
    44.王志敏等.大豆秆As—AQ法半化学浆蒸煮因素的探讨.1995,4:26~28
    45.文琼菊等.构皮碱性亚硫酸钠—助剂法蒸煮历程.湖北工学院学报,2000,15(1):34~37
    46.文志军,张安龙.碱法制浆黑液中木素的综合应用新进展.西南造纸,2002,1:14~15
    47.吴新生等.近红外光谱在纸浆木素含量和卡伯值测量中的应用.广东造纸,1998,3:9~11
    48.薛富.柠条制浆造纸的探讨.内蒙古林业,2002,6:
    49.薛富.柠条制浆造纸的探讨.内蒙古林业,2002,6:
    50.鄢烈祥等.统计调优法在麦草烧碱—蒽醌法蒸煮工艺中的应用.湖北工学院学报,1996,11(3):89~92
    51.姚纯仁等.纸浆裂断长与抄片浆张定量的关系.纸和造纸,1995,5:10
    52.尤纪雪.不同树龄贵州马尾松用于纸浆造纸的研究,林产工业,1996,23(4):21~25
    53.余惠芳.对碱法制浆废水治理技术几个问题的浅议,ChinaPulp&Paper,2000,5:49~51
    54.余贻骥.审视国情、放眼世界、抓住机遇,加速中国造纸工业现代化.China Pulp&Paper Industry,1999No.3:1~6
    55.张菊先.几种典型造纸速生材的纤维特性及其用途.湖南造纸,2003,2:27~31
    
    
    56.张然等.葸醌衍生物在草浆蒸煮中的应用.造纸化学品,1994,9(2):30~32
    57.张素风等.Soda-AQ法麦草化学浆黑液治理的研究.西北轻工业学院学报,1999,2(17):67~72
    58.张志业等.麦草浆黑液处理方法的分析与评价.四川造纸,1998,27(1):25~27
    59.赵爱威.高浓打浆对纸张性能的影响.太原科技,2000,6:37~38
    60.赵长生.纸张抗张强度的浅析.湖北造纸,2002,2:34~35
    61.正交试验设计法—多因素的试验方法.上海人民出版社,1975
    62.制浆造纸工艺,中国轻工业出版社
    63.邹文中,谢来苏,隆言泉.膜分离技术在麦草Soda-AQ制浆废液中的利用.北方造纸,1995,2:55~57
    64. Huang Guo-lin. Aqueous Ammonia-caustic Potash Pulping of Rice Straw. Chemistry and Industry of Forestry Products, 2002, 22(4):31~36
    65. Zhan Huai-yu. Structural Changes of Lignin During EMCC Pulping of Pinus Elliottii in Southern China. Joural of South China University of Technology, 2002, 30(9):65~70

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700