基于可用性视角的手机微博采纳研究
摘要
凭借强大的媒体价值和社交价值,微博迅速走红,成为目前最流行的互联网产品。通过微博,用户可以获取即时的新闻消息,参与社会热点话题的讨论,分享自己的见闻感受,关注朋友的最新动态。微博内容的简短使得手机等移动设备成为访问微博的有效方式,便携性又使得手机在微博即兴原创内容方面的能力远远高于电脑,因此手机微博受到众多用户的青睐。但是通过手机访问微博,要受到手机设备、手机微博客户端或微博WAP网站以及移动互联网等因素的限制。基于手机微博的优缺点,本文将对手机微博做深入的可用性研究,并以任务技术匹配理论为基础分析用户对手机微博的采纳行为。
本文采用文献回顾与调查问卷相结合的实证研究方法。首先,通过系统的文献回顾,提出整合可用性研究和任务技术匹配模型,把手机微博的可用性作为任务技术匹配模型中的技术特征,分析其与任务特征、个人特征之间的匹配度,并进一步分析任务技术匹配度对用户采纳意向的影响。其次,通过调查问卷的方式收集数据,共收集到有效问卷271份。最后,利用SPSS和PLS统计分析软件对提出的假设和研究模型进行验证。
研究发现：手机微博的可用性对任务技术匹配度的正向影响以及任务技术匹配度对用户采纳意向的正向影响都是非常显著的,这说明本文提出的基于可用性研究和任务技术匹配度的整合模型是有效的。另外本文对智能手机样本数据做了单独分析,研究结果显示智能手机可用性影响因素对手机微博可用性的解释性更强。基于研究发现,本研究将对微博服务、手机设备和移动互联网的发展提出几点建议。
With the strong media value and social value, the microblog quickly became very popular and been the most popular internet product. Through microblog, user could get the instant news, participate in the discussion of hot social topics, share own seeing, listening and feeling with others and acquire the latest information of friends. The brevity of microblog content make the mobile device, such like mobile phone, been the effective way to access microblog, while the portability of mobile phone make the ability of impromptu original content with mobile phone far better than computer, so the mobile microblog attract lots of users. But using the microblog by mobile phone, the performance will be restrained by the mobile device, the application or the WAP website of microblog and the mobile internet. Base on the merit and demerit of mobile microblog, this paper does the usability research on the mobile microblog, and analysis the adoption of mobile microblog with the task technology fit theory.
This paper adopts empirical research method combing the literature review and questionnaire. Firstly, after systematic literature review we propose an integrate model with the usability study and task technology fit theory, in which we take the usability of mobile microblog as the technology characteristic of task technology fit, analysis the match degree among the usability of microblog, task characteristic and individual characteristic, then we do the further analysis for how match degree influence user adoption intention. Secondly, we collect data by the way of questionnaire; get the final sample from271responses. Finally, we test the research model and hypothesize those proposed in our study by the tools of SPSS and PLS.
Study findings are concluded as following:the usability of mobile microblog does the positive influence on the task technology fit, the task technology fit does the positive influence on the task technology fit and the influences are both significantly. These illustrate that the integrate model we proposed in our study is valid. Additionally, we do the analysis with the data of smart phone and result shows that factors of usability account much more for the mobile microblog. Based on our findings, this research will give some suggestions for the development of microblog service, mobile phone and mobile internet.
本文采用文献回顾与调查问卷相结合的实证研究方法。首先,通过系统的文献回顾,提出整合可用性研究和任务技术匹配模型,把手机微博的可用性作为任务技术匹配模型中的技术特征,分析其与任务特征、个人特征之间的匹配度,并进一步分析任务技术匹配度对用户采纳意向的影响。其次,通过调查问卷的方式收集数据,共收集到有效问卷271份。最后,利用SPSS和PLS统计分析软件对提出的假设和研究模型进行验证。
研究发现：手机微博的可用性对任务技术匹配度的正向影响以及任务技术匹配度对用户采纳意向的正向影响都是非常显著的,这说明本文提出的基于可用性研究和任务技术匹配度的整合模型是有效的。另外本文对智能手机样本数据做了单独分析,研究结果显示智能手机可用性影响因素对手机微博可用性的解释性更强。基于研究发现,本研究将对微博服务、手机设备和移动互联网的发展提出几点建议。
With the strong media value and social value, the microblog quickly became very popular and been the most popular internet product. Through microblog, user could get the instant news, participate in the discussion of hot social topics, share own seeing, listening and feeling with others and acquire the latest information of friends. The brevity of microblog content make the mobile device, such like mobile phone, been the effective way to access microblog, while the portability of mobile phone make the ability of impromptu original content with mobile phone far better than computer, so the mobile microblog attract lots of users. But using the microblog by mobile phone, the performance will be restrained by the mobile device, the application or the WAP website of microblog and the mobile internet. Base on the merit and demerit of mobile microblog, this paper does the usability research on the mobile microblog, and analysis the adoption of mobile microblog with the task technology fit theory.
This paper adopts empirical research method combing the literature review and questionnaire. Firstly, after systematic literature review we propose an integrate model with the usability study and task technology fit theory, in which we take the usability of mobile microblog as the technology characteristic of task technology fit, analysis the match degree among the usability of microblog, task characteristic and individual characteristic, then we do the further analysis for how match degree influence user adoption intention. Secondly, we collect data by the way of questionnaire; get the final sample from271responses. Finally, we test the research model and hypothesize those proposed in our study by the tools of SPSS and PLS.
Study findings are concluded as following:the usability of mobile microblog does the positive influence on the task technology fit, the task technology fit does the positive influence on the task technology fit and the influences are both significantly. These illustrate that the integrate model we proposed in our study is valid. Additionally, we do the analysis with the data of smart phone and result shows that factors of usability account much more for the mobile microblog. Based on our findings, this research will give some suggestions for the development of microblog service, mobile phone and mobile internet.
引文
[1]中国互联网络信息中心.中国互联网络发展状况统计报告.(2012.01).http://www.cnnic.net.cn/dtygg/dtgg/201107/W020110719521725234632.pdf.
[2]Apple press info. Apple's App Store Downloads Top 25 Billion. (2012.03.05). http://www. apple, com/pr/1ibrary/2012/03/05Apples-App-Store-Downloads-Top-25-Bi 11 ion. html.
[3]新浪网.新浪发布2011年第四季度及全年财报.(2012.02.28).http://tech. sina. com. cn/i/2012-02-28/05296776965.shtml.
[4]NIELSEN J. Usability Engineering [M]. San Diego, CA:Academic press,1993.
[5]IS09241-11. Ergonomic Requirements for Office Work with Visual Display Terminals-Part 11:Guidance on Usability[S], IS09241-11,1994.
[6]ANDREAS S, JUERGEN S. The influence of design aesthetics in usability testing: Effects on user performance and perceived usabi lity [J]. Applied Ergonomics,2010, (41):403-410.
[7]闫涛蔚,王丽荣.我国电子政务网站移动服务可用性研究[J].图书馆学研究,2009,(4)：37-42.
[8]宋海涛,刘桓宇Fitts'模型在移动与可穿戴计算交互中的可用性研究[J].计算机应用研究,2011,28(8)：2880-2882.
[9]江彩华,刘正捷,陈军亮等.国内WAP网站可用性研究[C].第二届和谐人机环境联合学术会议,2006.
[10]任刚,干建民,黄鼎隆.移动终端三维用户界面的可用性评估[J].计算机科学,2008,(2)：65-68.
[11]ZHANG D, ADIPAT B. Challenges, Methodologies, and Issues in the Usability Testing of Mobile Applications [J]. Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,2005,18(3): 293.
[12]HEO J, HAMB D, PARK S, et al. A framework for evaluating the usability of mobile phones based on multi-level, hierarchical model of usability factors [J], Interacting with Computers,2009, (21):263-275.
[13]MENON S, KAHN B. Cross-category effects of induced arousal and pleasure on the Internet shopping experience [J], Journal of Retailing,2002,78(1):31-40.
[14]FRANKA M, CHRISTOPII M. Mobile Web Usability Evaluation-Combining the Modified Think Aloud Method with the Testing of Emotional, Cognitive and Conative Aspects of the Usage of a Web Application [C],9th IEEE/ACIS Internationa] Conference on Computer and Information Science,2010.
[15]CHAN S, FANG X, BRZEZINSKI J, et al. Usability for Mobile Commerce across Multiple from Factors [J]. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research,2002,3(3).
[16]LESEMANN E, NATALIE W, SVEN K. Combining Methods to Evaluate Mobile Usability [J]. Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services,2007,9(12).
[17]SHRESTHA S. Mobile Web Browsing:Usability Study [C]. Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology, 2007:187-194.
[18]DUH H, TAN G, CHEN V. Usability Evaluation for Mobile Device:A Comparison of Laboratory and Field Tests [J], Journal of usability studies,2005.1(1):4-16.
[19]Justin W. Owens, et al. Trick or Tweet:How Usable is Twitter for First-Time Users [J]. Usability News.2009,11(2).
[20]Java A, Song X, Finn T, et al. Why we Twitter:Understanding micro-blogging usage and communities [C]. Joint 9th WEBKDD and 1st SNA-KDD Workshop'07, San Jose, CA, 2006.
[21]Amanda L H, Leysia P. Twitter Adoption and Use in Mass Convergence and Emergency Events [C]. Proceedings of the 6th International ISCRAM Conference-Gothenburg, Sweden, May 2009.
[22]Constantinos K C, Younghwa Y, Jieun S. Twitter Users vs. Quitters:A Uses and Gratifications and Diffusion of Innovations approach in understanding the role of mobility in microblogging[C].2010 Ninth International Conference on Mobile Business,2010.
[23]夏雨禾,微博互动的结构与机制——基于对新浪微博的实证研究,新闻与传播研究[J],2010(4)：60-60.
[24]Goodhue DL, Thompson RL. Task-technology Fit and Individual Performance [J]. MIS Quarterly,1995,19(2):213-236.
[25]Zigurs I, Buckland BK. A Theory of Task-Technology Fit and Group Support Systems Effectiveness [J]. MIS Quarterly,1998,22(3):313-334.
[26]Dishaw MT, Strong DM. Extending the Technology Acceptance Model with Task technology Fit Constructs [J]. Information & Management,1999,36(3):9-21.
[27]孙建军,李君君.基于TAM/TTF整合的电子商务用户接受模型[J],图书情报工作,2010,54(20)：119-123.
[28]Dishaw M T, Strong D M, Bandy D B. Extending Task Technology Fit with Computer Self-Efficacy [J]. Database for Advances in Information Systems,2006,37 (2-3): 96-107.
[29]PARK Y, HAN S. Touch key design for one-handed thumb interaction with a mobile phone:Effects of touch key size and touch key location [J]. International Journal of lndustrial Ergonomics,2010, (40):68-76.
[30]CHANG C. Usability Comparison of Pen-based Input for Young Children on Mobile Devices [C]. IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing,2008.
[31]KIM H, KIM J, LEE Y. An Empirical Study of Use Contexts in the Mobile Internet, Focusing on the Usability of Information Architecture [J]. Information Systems Frontiers,2005,7(2):175-186.
[32]CASPAR R, ATISH G. The Effect of Context and Application Type on Mobile Usability: An Empirical Study [C].28th Australasian Computer Science Conference,2005.
[33]Anne K. Usability Problems in Today's Mobile Internet Portals [C]. The Second International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications and Systems,2005.
[34]Thomas A, Willie G, Sorin G, et al. Usability and Acceptance in Small-Screen Information Systems [C].9th European Collaborative Electronic Commerce Technology and Research Conference,2004.
[35]HALL R, HANNA P. The Impact of Web Page Text----Background Color Combinations on Readability, Retention. Aesthetics and Behavioral Intention [J]. Behavior & Information Technology,2004,23(3):183-195.
[36]Fiona F N. A Study on Tolerable Waiting Time:How Long is Web Users Willing to Wait [J], Behavior & Information Technology,2004,23(3):153-163.
[37]LU H, SU P. Factors affecting purchase intention on mobile shopping web sites [J]. Internet Research,2009,19(4):442-458.
[38]IS09126. Software Product Evaluations----Quality Characteristics and Guidelines for their Use [S], ISO 9126,1991.
[39]SHACKEL B. Usability----context, framework, design and evaluation [J], Human factors for informatics usability,1991:21-38.
[40]COURSARIS C, KIM D. A Qualitative Review of Empirical Mobile Usability Studies [C]. Proceedings of the Twelfth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Acapulco, Mexico August 2006.
[41]DAVID G, MICHAEL P. Development of a Web Site Usability Instrument Based on ISO 9241-11 [J]. Journal of Computer Information Systems,2006.
[42]Yufei Y, Norm A, Catherine E, et al. Identifying the ideal fit between mobile work and mobile work support [J]. Information & Management.2010,47:125-137.
[43]鲁耀斌,沈平,陈致豫.基于TTF的不同类型的组织移动商务采纳案例研究[J].工业技术经济.2007,26(6)：48-53.
[44]Hassenzahl M, Tractinsky N. User Experience----a Research Agenda [J]. Behavior and Information Technology,2006,25(2):91-97.
[45]Roto V. Web Browsing on Mobile Phones-Characteristics of User Experience. Doctoral dissertation, TKK Dissertations 49, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland,2006.
[46]Brooke S, Peter C, Patrick R. The development of a measure of subjective computer experience [J]. Computers in Human Behavior.2007,23:127-145.
[47]Bandura A, Wood, RE. Effect of perceived control labil ity and performance standards on self-regulation of complex decision making [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1989,56:805-814.
[48]Henri S I, Marko S. Effects of Emotions and Self-Efficacy on Technology Usage Behavior [C]. Technology Management in the Energy Smart World (PICMET),2011 Proceedings of PICMET'11, Portland,2011.
[49]Bassam H. Effectiveness of Computer Training:The Role of Multilevel Computer Self-Efficacy [J]. Journal of organization and End User Computing,2006, 18(1):50-68.
[50]Berdie D R, Anderson J F. Questionnaires:Design and use [M], Metuchen, N. J.:Scarecrow Press,1974.
[51]Cronbach, L J. Test Reliability:Its Meaning and Determination [J]. Psychometrika. 1947,12:1-16.
[52]Nunnally, J C, Psychometric Methods [M]. New York:Harper and Row,1978.
[53]Devellis R F, Scale development:Theory and applications [M]. US:Sage Publications. 1991.
[54]Fornell C, Larcker, D F. Evaluation Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error [J]. Journal of Marketing Research.1981,18(1).
[55]侯杰泰,温忠麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用[M].北京：教育科学出版社,2004.
[56]Chin W W. PLS-Graph Manual, version 3.0. Unpublished manuscript,2001.
[57]Iris J, Chon A, Richard T W. Task-technology fit for mobile locatable information systems [J]. Decision Support Systems,2008,45(4):1046-1057. [62] Buffardi L, Campbell K. Narcissism and social networking web sites [J]. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin,2008,34:1303-14.
[2]Apple press info. Apple's App Store Downloads Top 25 Billion. (2012.03.05). http://www. apple, com/pr/1ibrary/2012/03/05Apples-App-Store-Downloads-Top-25-Bi 11 ion. html.
[3]新浪网.新浪发布2011年第四季度及全年财报.(2012.02.28).http://tech. sina. com. cn/i/2012-02-28/05296776965.shtml.
[4]NIELSEN J. Usability Engineering [M]. San Diego, CA:Academic press,1993.
[5]IS09241-11. Ergonomic Requirements for Office Work with Visual Display Terminals-Part 11:Guidance on Usability[S], IS09241-11,1994.
[6]ANDREAS S, JUERGEN S. The influence of design aesthetics in usability testing: Effects on user performance and perceived usabi lity [J]. Applied Ergonomics,2010, (41):403-410.
[7]闫涛蔚,王丽荣.我国电子政务网站移动服务可用性研究[J].图书馆学研究,2009,(4)：37-42.
[8]宋海涛,刘桓宇Fitts'模型在移动与可穿戴计算交互中的可用性研究[J].计算机应用研究,2011,28(8)：2880-2882.
[9]江彩华,刘正捷,陈军亮等.国内WAP网站可用性研究[C].第二届和谐人机环境联合学术会议,2006.
[10]任刚,干建民,黄鼎隆.移动终端三维用户界面的可用性评估[J].计算机科学,2008,(2)：65-68.
[11]ZHANG D, ADIPAT B. Challenges, Methodologies, and Issues in the Usability Testing of Mobile Applications [J]. Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,2005,18(3): 293.
[12]HEO J, HAMB D, PARK S, et al. A framework for evaluating the usability of mobile phones based on multi-level, hierarchical model of usability factors [J], Interacting with Computers,2009, (21):263-275.
[13]MENON S, KAHN B. Cross-category effects of induced arousal and pleasure on the Internet shopping experience [J], Journal of Retailing,2002,78(1):31-40.
[14]FRANKA M, CHRISTOPII M. Mobile Web Usability Evaluation-Combining the Modified Think Aloud Method with the Testing of Emotional, Cognitive and Conative Aspects of the Usage of a Web Application [C],9th IEEE/ACIS Internationa] Conference on Computer and Information Science,2010.
[15]CHAN S, FANG X, BRZEZINSKI J, et al. Usability for Mobile Commerce across Multiple from Factors [J]. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research,2002,3(3).
[16]LESEMANN E, NATALIE W, SVEN K. Combining Methods to Evaluate Mobile Usability [J]. Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services,2007,9(12).
[17]SHRESTHA S. Mobile Web Browsing:Usability Study [C]. Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology, 2007:187-194.
[18]DUH H, TAN G, CHEN V. Usability Evaluation for Mobile Device:A Comparison of Laboratory and Field Tests [J], Journal of usability studies,2005.1(1):4-16.
[19]Justin W. Owens, et al. Trick or Tweet:How Usable is Twitter for First-Time Users [J]. Usability News.2009,11(2).
[20]Java A, Song X, Finn T, et al. Why we Twitter:Understanding micro-blogging usage and communities [C]. Joint 9th WEBKDD and 1st SNA-KDD Workshop'07, San Jose, CA, 2006.
[21]Amanda L H, Leysia P. Twitter Adoption and Use in Mass Convergence and Emergency Events [C]. Proceedings of the 6th International ISCRAM Conference-Gothenburg, Sweden, May 2009.
[22]Constantinos K C, Younghwa Y, Jieun S. Twitter Users vs. Quitters:A Uses and Gratifications and Diffusion of Innovations approach in understanding the role of mobility in microblogging[C].2010 Ninth International Conference on Mobile Business,2010.
[23]夏雨禾,微博互动的结构与机制——基于对新浪微博的实证研究,新闻与传播研究[J],2010(4)：60-60.
[24]Goodhue DL, Thompson RL. Task-technology Fit and Individual Performance [J]. MIS Quarterly,1995,19(2):213-236.
[25]Zigurs I, Buckland BK. A Theory of Task-Technology Fit and Group Support Systems Effectiveness [J]. MIS Quarterly,1998,22(3):313-334.
[26]Dishaw MT, Strong DM. Extending the Technology Acceptance Model with Task technology Fit Constructs [J]. Information & Management,1999,36(3):9-21.
[27]孙建军,李君君.基于TAM/TTF整合的电子商务用户接受模型[J],图书情报工作,2010,54(20)：119-123.
[28]Dishaw M T, Strong D M, Bandy D B. Extending Task Technology Fit with Computer Self-Efficacy [J]. Database for Advances in Information Systems,2006,37 (2-3): 96-107.
[29]PARK Y, HAN S. Touch key design for one-handed thumb interaction with a mobile phone:Effects of touch key size and touch key location [J]. International Journal of lndustrial Ergonomics,2010, (40):68-76.
[30]CHANG C. Usability Comparison of Pen-based Input for Young Children on Mobile Devices [C]. IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing,2008.
[31]KIM H, KIM J, LEE Y. An Empirical Study of Use Contexts in the Mobile Internet, Focusing on the Usability of Information Architecture [J]. Information Systems Frontiers,2005,7(2):175-186.
[32]CASPAR R, ATISH G. The Effect of Context and Application Type on Mobile Usability: An Empirical Study [C].28th Australasian Computer Science Conference,2005.
[33]Anne K. Usability Problems in Today's Mobile Internet Portals [C]. The Second International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications and Systems,2005.
[34]Thomas A, Willie G, Sorin G, et al. Usability and Acceptance in Small-Screen Information Systems [C].9th European Collaborative Electronic Commerce Technology and Research Conference,2004.
[35]HALL R, HANNA P. The Impact of Web Page Text----Background Color Combinations on Readability, Retention. Aesthetics and Behavioral Intention [J]. Behavior & Information Technology,2004,23(3):183-195.
[36]Fiona F N. A Study on Tolerable Waiting Time:How Long is Web Users Willing to Wait [J], Behavior & Information Technology,2004,23(3):153-163.
[37]LU H, SU P. Factors affecting purchase intention on mobile shopping web sites [J]. Internet Research,2009,19(4):442-458.
[38]IS09126. Software Product Evaluations----Quality Characteristics and Guidelines for their Use [S], ISO 9126,1991.
[39]SHACKEL B. Usability----context, framework, design and evaluation [J], Human factors for informatics usability,1991:21-38.
[40]COURSARIS C, KIM D. A Qualitative Review of Empirical Mobile Usability Studies [C]. Proceedings of the Twelfth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Acapulco, Mexico August 2006.
[41]DAVID G, MICHAEL P. Development of a Web Site Usability Instrument Based on ISO 9241-11 [J]. Journal of Computer Information Systems,2006.
[42]Yufei Y, Norm A, Catherine E, et al. Identifying the ideal fit between mobile work and mobile work support [J]. Information & Management.2010,47:125-137.
[43]鲁耀斌,沈平,陈致豫.基于TTF的不同类型的组织移动商务采纳案例研究[J].工业技术经济.2007,26(6)：48-53.
[44]Hassenzahl M, Tractinsky N. User Experience----a Research Agenda [J]. Behavior and Information Technology,2006,25(2):91-97.
[45]Roto V. Web Browsing on Mobile Phones-Characteristics of User Experience. Doctoral dissertation, TKK Dissertations 49, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland,2006.
[46]Brooke S, Peter C, Patrick R. The development of a measure of subjective computer experience [J]. Computers in Human Behavior.2007,23:127-145.
[47]Bandura A, Wood, RE. Effect of perceived control labil ity and performance standards on self-regulation of complex decision making [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1989,56:805-814.
[48]Henri S I, Marko S. Effects of Emotions and Self-Efficacy on Technology Usage Behavior [C]. Technology Management in the Energy Smart World (PICMET),2011 Proceedings of PICMET'11, Portland,2011.
[49]Bassam H. Effectiveness of Computer Training:The Role of Multilevel Computer Self-Efficacy [J]. Journal of organization and End User Computing,2006, 18(1):50-68.
[50]Berdie D R, Anderson J F. Questionnaires:Design and use [M], Metuchen, N. J.:Scarecrow Press,1974.
[51]Cronbach, L J. Test Reliability:Its Meaning and Determination [J]. Psychometrika. 1947,12:1-16.
[52]Nunnally, J C, Psychometric Methods [M]. New York:Harper and Row,1978.
[53]Devellis R F, Scale development:Theory and applications [M]. US:Sage Publications. 1991.
[54]Fornell C, Larcker, D F. Evaluation Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error [J]. Journal of Marketing Research.1981,18(1).
[55]侯杰泰,温忠麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用[M].北京：教育科学出版社,2004.
[56]Chin W W. PLS-Graph Manual, version 3.0. Unpublished manuscript,2001.
[57]Iris J, Chon A, Richard T W. Task-technology fit for mobile locatable information systems [J]. Decision Support Systems,2008,45(4):1046-1057. [62] Buffardi L, Campbell K. Narcissism and social networking web sites [J]. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin,2008,34:1303-14.