集体林权资本化问题研究
|
摘要
随着集体林权制度改革的深入推进,集体林权的资本化运营问题逐步被人们提到了议事日程。本文拟对集体林权资本化相关问题做一系统论述,综合运用多种经济学分析方法,从不同角度不同层面对集体林权资本化问题进行系统研究。论文除导论和和结论外共有六章,主要观点和研究结论如下:
(1)集体林权资本化是把具有稀缺性、有明确权属关系、能够带来收益的集体林权权益性资产进行科学计价,通过要素市场运作增值的过程。从物的角度看是现金增加或权益性要素资产的增值;从权利角度看,是这束权利资产在不同所有者、经营者之间流转并产生收益的过程。集体林权资本化的实现形式主要有转让、入股和抵押,集体林权资本化受社会因素、经济因素和环境因素的影响和制约。集体林权资本化能够促进林业发展,挖掘利用林业资源潜在价值,具有重大意义。
(2)集体林权制度变迁导致林业产权分分合合。从实际出发,需要从以下几个方面完善集体林产权界定工作:首先,在集体林权制度改革取得阶段性成果的基础上加快森林资源资产的勘界发证,处理和化解林权纠纷,进一步推进集体林权制度改革;其次,继续修订和完善我国的林权立法,以保障收益权和处分权为重点,建立产权安排的长效机制,坚持制度长期稳定;第三,解决好产权保护和限额采伐制度的矛盾,因地制宜、分区、分林种实施采伐,促进森林资源的消长平衡;第四,建立激励型的公益林产权制度,增加公益林补贴、建立持续补贴立法等。
(3)集体林权估价是集体林权资本化的基础。集体林权估价是由专业评估机构遵循森林资源资产评估技术规范,按照特定程序,对集体林权所指向的实物进行价值估算的行为。依据劳动价值论、效用价值论、供求价格论和地租理论可以把集体林权估价的方法总结为三类:即成本法、市价法和收益法。由于集体林权估价行为具有更多的主观判断性,所以应该从加强评估人员业务学习、建立评估行业诚信等级制度、加大对违规评估的处罚和增加评估机构“信用”资产等方面来优化集体林权估价行为;同时应采取措施解决行政管理多头、评估规范缺失、森林资源资产原始档案资料不完整、估价意识淡漠等问题以提高集体林权估价质量。
(4)集体林权转让是集体林权资本化的实现方式之一,是指在不改变林地所有权和林地用途的前提下,集体林产权主体将林地使用权、林木所有权和使用权通过招标、拍卖、协议等方式进行的一次性权利转移(合法交易行为)。集体林权转让可以通过有形的产权交易市场进行,也可以进行场外交易。交易方式主要有买卖、互易、协议转让、招标拍卖、征购和划转。集体林权转让具有地域性特征、卖方市场特征、产品异质性特征和纵向性特征;存在有效供给不足、收益分配不合理、交易风险和市场风险并存等问题;存在公开交易能够保障收益但交易成本过大的矛盾、国家调控林业发展征购划转公益林但补偿过低的矛盾。所以,制定完善相关法规和政策;加大集体林权转让的宣传,增加有效供给;加快林权交易市场建设,规范林权评估;公平分配转让收益;发挥政府监管职能,降低交易风险和市场风险;提高公益林补贴和征地补偿,能够促进集体林权转让健康发展。
(5)集体林权入股是集体林权资本化的又一实现方式。依据集体林权制度改革的历程,集体林权入股可以分为1981年-1998年的初始“特定阶段”和1998年至今的“新阶段”。实践中,那些遵从林农意愿、管理科学、持续经营下来的林业股份公司从运营初期发展到现在,公司规模、产量产值、技术水平、经济效益、管理模式等方面都有了很大改善和提高。集体林权入股同普通股份合作一样不可避免会面临很多问题,林业资产的特殊属性又带给林业股份公司特有的矛盾,因此明晰入股资产产权、科学设置股权、优化组织结构、吸引多方要素流入、加大财政补贴和金融支持,是推动集体林权入股健康发展的重要举措。
(6)集体林权抵押贷款是集体林权资本化的第三种实现方式。林农无须将林权变现就可以通过抵押从金融机构提前获得资金融通。实践中的集体林权抵押贷款模式主要有林权证直接抵押贷款、金融机构+专业担保公司+农户、金融机构+政府信用平台+农户、金融机构+民间联合信用平台+农户、金融机构+龙头企业+农户五种。现阶段的集体林权抵押信贷市场是非均衡态的,金融机构面临信贷供给不足约束;贷款的相关配套服务体系尚未健全,需要从调配贷款限额、增加信贷供给、加大政府贴息力度、完善抵押法律保障、降低融资费用等方面增加金融信贷支持;需要从加速林权流转、积极开展林业保险、扩展担保方式、改善政策环境等方面健全集体林权抵押贷款服务体系。
With the deepening of the reform of Collective Forest Property Rights system, the problem of its capitalized operation has gradually been put to the agenda. By means of a comprehensive manipulation of various analyzing methods of economics, the dissertation aims to engage in a systematic analysis on the issue of the capitalized operation of Collective Forest Property Rights from different perspectives.
Besides the introduction and the conclusion, this dissertation is composed of six chapters in which the author’s main arguments and conclusions are presented thoroughly.
The capitalization of Collective Forest Property Rights is a process in which the rare, profitable equity assets of collective forest property rights which have definite ownership are scientifically calculated and its value is increased through the operation of element-marketing. Seen from the perspective of real entity, it is a process of cash accumulation or the value increase of equity capital. Seen from the perspective of ownership, it is a procedure of producing profits by means of capital circulation between different proprietors and operators. There are three types of capitalization of collective forest property rights: transfer, to become a shareholder, and mortgage. It is influenced and confined by social, economic and environmental factors. The capitalized operation of forest property rights can promote the development of forestry and can bring out and utilize the potential value of forest resources. Therefore, it is of great significance.
The changes of Collective Forestry Property Rights System lead to the shifts in the division and integration of forestry property rights. Based on the reality, The author thinks that the clear definition of Collective Forestry Property Rights can be improved with the instruction of Forestry Law, Land Management Law, Land Contract Law, and Real Property Law. Firstly, based on the periodical achievements of forestry property rights reform, we should speed up the exploration, delimitation and license issue to deal with and solve forestry property rights disputes and further deepen the innovation of forestry property rights system. Secondly, we should continue to modify and perfect the legislation of forestry property rights to ensure the focus being put on the right of products disposition and the right of remuneration, thus to establish the long term mechanism of property rights arrangement and insist on the stabilization of property rights system. Thirdly, action should be taken to solve the conflict between the protection of property rights and limited forest cutting, and to carry out limited cutting according to the difference of geographical environments, districts and types of forestry so as to maintain the balance of forest resources. Lastly, by means of increasing public forest allowance, making continued subsidy legislation, a stimulating public welfare forest property rights system should be established.
The assessment of collective forestry property rights is the basis of capitalized operation of collective forestry property rights. The assessment refers to the assessing of the objects value associated with the forestry property rights according to the technical standards and specific procedures by specialized appraisal institution. With regard to the labor value theory, utility value theory, the price of supply and demand theory, and land tax theory, there are three approaches to conduct the assessment: cost approach, market price approach and income approach. Due to the fact that collective forestry property rights assessment usually assumes the distinctive character of subjective judgment, a sound assessment requires the improvement of the proficiency of assessors, set up an honesty hierarchy mechanism to supervise the assessing process, and intensify the punishment towards false assessment, and increase credit assets of appraisal institution. What’s more, in order to guarantee the validity of collective forestry property rights assessment, action should be taken to tackle the chaotic situation of administration, the absence of standardized assessing rules, the deficiency of the original file of forest resources, and the weakness in assessment consciousness.
The transfer of collective forestry property rights is another way to realize the capitalization of collective forestry property rights. It means the direct transfer (legitimate trading) of the forestry ownership and forest ownership and forestry usufruct to other entities by means of bidding, auction and contracts, with no change of forestry utility and ownership. This transfer can be fulfilled in and out of some tangible property exchange market through selling, reciprocity, agreement transfer, bidding, auction, purchasing, and property transfer. The transfer of collective forestry property rights has the characteristics of geographic variation, sellers’markets, and the heterogeneity quality of the products and horizontal characteristics. The current problems lie in the following aspects as: the lack of efficient supply, the injustice of income distribution, the coexistence of trading risks and marketing risks. There are also the conflict that the benefits can be guaranteed in public trading while with fairly high trading costs, and the conflict of low government compensation for the purchasing and transfer of public welfare forest under the state’s macro-control. Based on the above-mentioned problems, it is urgent to make up and perfect the corresponding regulations and law entries, enhance the propaganda of collective forestry property rights, increase effective supply, speed up the construction of forestry property rights exchange market, standardize the rules of forestry property rights assessment, ensure the fair distribution of transfer income, strengthen the government’s supervision, reduce the trading risks and marketing risks, increase the government allowance for public welfare forest and compensation for land acquisition. Thus we can guarantee a healthy development of the transfer of collective forestry property rights.
To become shareholders of collective forestry property rights is another approach to realize the capitalized operation of collective forestry property rights. Till now, this share holding process has covered two phases: 1981-1998, the initial specific stage and from 1998 till now, a new stage at present. Actually, those forest stock companies who acted according to the forest farmers’will, insisted on scientific management, and managed a continual operation of their business, have obtained great improvement and enhances in their business scale, yield and output value, technique level, economic profits and management mode from the beginning period till present. Similar to ordinary procedures of stock joint cooperation, the buying-in process of collective forestry property rights encountered a lot of problems and obstacles. Besides, owing to the unique features of forestry assets, it tends to be particularly difficult to deal with their own conflicts. As a result, effective measures must be taken to delimitate the property ownership of the stock assets, properly determine the value of equity, optimize institution framework, stimulate inflows of more external factors, and increase economic allowances and financial support to accelerate the harmonious development of the buying-in process of collective forestry property rights.
Mortgage loan of collective forestry property rights is a third way to conduct the capitalized operation of collective forestry property rights. Forest farmers are able to receive financial assistance and circulation through mortgage in advance without the change of the forest property ownership. There are five modes to realize the mortgage of collective forestry property rights in real practice: direct loan with mortgage of the certificate of forest property rights; mortgage between financial institutions, insurance company, and farmers; financial institutions plus the credit platform of the government plus farmers; financial institutions plus the civilian insurance organizations plus farmers; finance institutions plus head enterprises plus farmers. At present, the credit market of the mortgage of collective forestry property rights is unbalanced, heavily restrained by inefficient credit supply, and sabotaged with defective service system. Accordingly, the government should take measures to provide more financial credit support by adjusting the quota of loan, increasing credit supply, enlarging government subsidy, guaranteeing the efficiency of mortgage law, and reducing financing cost. At the same time, the government should perfect the service system of the mortgage loan of collective forestry property rights by accelerating the circulation of forestry property ownership, developing forestry insurance business to extend guaranty modes, and improving policy environments.
(1)集体林权资本化是把具有稀缺性、有明确权属关系、能够带来收益的集体林权权益性资产进行科学计价,通过要素市场运作增值的过程。从物的角度看是现金增加或权益性要素资产的增值;从权利角度看,是这束权利资产在不同所有者、经营者之间流转并产生收益的过程。集体林权资本化的实现形式主要有转让、入股和抵押,集体林权资本化受社会因素、经济因素和环境因素的影响和制约。集体林权资本化能够促进林业发展,挖掘利用林业资源潜在价值,具有重大意义。
(2)集体林权制度变迁导致林业产权分分合合。从实际出发,需要从以下几个方面完善集体林产权界定工作:首先,在集体林权制度改革取得阶段性成果的基础上加快森林资源资产的勘界发证,处理和化解林权纠纷,进一步推进集体林权制度改革;其次,继续修订和完善我国的林权立法,以保障收益权和处分权为重点,建立产权安排的长效机制,坚持制度长期稳定;第三,解决好产权保护和限额采伐制度的矛盾,因地制宜、分区、分林种实施采伐,促进森林资源的消长平衡;第四,建立激励型的公益林产权制度,增加公益林补贴、建立持续补贴立法等。
(3)集体林权估价是集体林权资本化的基础。集体林权估价是由专业评估机构遵循森林资源资产评估技术规范,按照特定程序,对集体林权所指向的实物进行价值估算的行为。依据劳动价值论、效用价值论、供求价格论和地租理论可以把集体林权估价的方法总结为三类:即成本法、市价法和收益法。由于集体林权估价行为具有更多的主观判断性,所以应该从加强评估人员业务学习、建立评估行业诚信等级制度、加大对违规评估的处罚和增加评估机构“信用”资产等方面来优化集体林权估价行为;同时应采取措施解决行政管理多头、评估规范缺失、森林资源资产原始档案资料不完整、估价意识淡漠等问题以提高集体林权估价质量。
(4)集体林权转让是集体林权资本化的实现方式之一,是指在不改变林地所有权和林地用途的前提下,集体林产权主体将林地使用权、林木所有权和使用权通过招标、拍卖、协议等方式进行的一次性权利转移(合法交易行为)。集体林权转让可以通过有形的产权交易市场进行,也可以进行场外交易。交易方式主要有买卖、互易、协议转让、招标拍卖、征购和划转。集体林权转让具有地域性特征、卖方市场特征、产品异质性特征和纵向性特征;存在有效供给不足、收益分配不合理、交易风险和市场风险并存等问题;存在公开交易能够保障收益但交易成本过大的矛盾、国家调控林业发展征购划转公益林但补偿过低的矛盾。所以,制定完善相关法规和政策;加大集体林权转让的宣传,增加有效供给;加快林权交易市场建设,规范林权评估;公平分配转让收益;发挥政府监管职能,降低交易风险和市场风险;提高公益林补贴和征地补偿,能够促进集体林权转让健康发展。
(5)集体林权入股是集体林权资本化的又一实现方式。依据集体林权制度改革的历程,集体林权入股可以分为1981年-1998年的初始“特定阶段”和1998年至今的“新阶段”。实践中,那些遵从林农意愿、管理科学、持续经营下来的林业股份公司从运营初期发展到现在,公司规模、产量产值、技术水平、经济效益、管理模式等方面都有了很大改善和提高。集体林权入股同普通股份合作一样不可避免会面临很多问题,林业资产的特殊属性又带给林业股份公司特有的矛盾,因此明晰入股资产产权、科学设置股权、优化组织结构、吸引多方要素流入、加大财政补贴和金融支持,是推动集体林权入股健康发展的重要举措。
(6)集体林权抵押贷款是集体林权资本化的第三种实现方式。林农无须将林权变现就可以通过抵押从金融机构提前获得资金融通。实践中的集体林权抵押贷款模式主要有林权证直接抵押贷款、金融机构+专业担保公司+农户、金融机构+政府信用平台+农户、金融机构+民间联合信用平台+农户、金融机构+龙头企业+农户五种。现阶段的集体林权抵押信贷市场是非均衡态的,金融机构面临信贷供给不足约束;贷款的相关配套服务体系尚未健全,需要从调配贷款限额、增加信贷供给、加大政府贴息力度、完善抵押法律保障、降低融资费用等方面增加金融信贷支持;需要从加速林权流转、积极开展林业保险、扩展担保方式、改善政策环境等方面健全集体林权抵押贷款服务体系。
With the deepening of the reform of Collective Forest Property Rights system, the problem of its capitalized operation has gradually been put to the agenda. By means of a comprehensive manipulation of various analyzing methods of economics, the dissertation aims to engage in a systematic analysis on the issue of the capitalized operation of Collective Forest Property Rights from different perspectives.
Besides the introduction and the conclusion, this dissertation is composed of six chapters in which the author’s main arguments and conclusions are presented thoroughly.
The capitalization of Collective Forest Property Rights is a process in which the rare, profitable equity assets of collective forest property rights which have definite ownership are scientifically calculated and its value is increased through the operation of element-marketing. Seen from the perspective of real entity, it is a process of cash accumulation or the value increase of equity capital. Seen from the perspective of ownership, it is a procedure of producing profits by means of capital circulation between different proprietors and operators. There are three types of capitalization of collective forest property rights: transfer, to become a shareholder, and mortgage. It is influenced and confined by social, economic and environmental factors. The capitalized operation of forest property rights can promote the development of forestry and can bring out and utilize the potential value of forest resources. Therefore, it is of great significance.
The changes of Collective Forestry Property Rights System lead to the shifts in the division and integration of forestry property rights. Based on the reality, The author thinks that the clear definition of Collective Forestry Property Rights can be improved with the instruction of Forestry Law, Land Management Law, Land Contract Law, and Real Property Law. Firstly, based on the periodical achievements of forestry property rights reform, we should speed up the exploration, delimitation and license issue to deal with and solve forestry property rights disputes and further deepen the innovation of forestry property rights system. Secondly, we should continue to modify and perfect the legislation of forestry property rights to ensure the focus being put on the right of products disposition and the right of remuneration, thus to establish the long term mechanism of property rights arrangement and insist on the stabilization of property rights system. Thirdly, action should be taken to solve the conflict between the protection of property rights and limited forest cutting, and to carry out limited cutting according to the difference of geographical environments, districts and types of forestry so as to maintain the balance of forest resources. Lastly, by means of increasing public forest allowance, making continued subsidy legislation, a stimulating public welfare forest property rights system should be established.
The assessment of collective forestry property rights is the basis of capitalized operation of collective forestry property rights. The assessment refers to the assessing of the objects value associated with the forestry property rights according to the technical standards and specific procedures by specialized appraisal institution. With regard to the labor value theory, utility value theory, the price of supply and demand theory, and land tax theory, there are three approaches to conduct the assessment: cost approach, market price approach and income approach. Due to the fact that collective forestry property rights assessment usually assumes the distinctive character of subjective judgment, a sound assessment requires the improvement of the proficiency of assessors, set up an honesty hierarchy mechanism to supervise the assessing process, and intensify the punishment towards false assessment, and increase credit assets of appraisal institution. What’s more, in order to guarantee the validity of collective forestry property rights assessment, action should be taken to tackle the chaotic situation of administration, the absence of standardized assessing rules, the deficiency of the original file of forest resources, and the weakness in assessment consciousness.
The transfer of collective forestry property rights is another way to realize the capitalization of collective forestry property rights. It means the direct transfer (legitimate trading) of the forestry ownership and forest ownership and forestry usufruct to other entities by means of bidding, auction and contracts, with no change of forestry utility and ownership. This transfer can be fulfilled in and out of some tangible property exchange market through selling, reciprocity, agreement transfer, bidding, auction, purchasing, and property transfer. The transfer of collective forestry property rights has the characteristics of geographic variation, sellers’markets, and the heterogeneity quality of the products and horizontal characteristics. The current problems lie in the following aspects as: the lack of efficient supply, the injustice of income distribution, the coexistence of trading risks and marketing risks. There are also the conflict that the benefits can be guaranteed in public trading while with fairly high trading costs, and the conflict of low government compensation for the purchasing and transfer of public welfare forest under the state’s macro-control. Based on the above-mentioned problems, it is urgent to make up and perfect the corresponding regulations and law entries, enhance the propaganda of collective forestry property rights, increase effective supply, speed up the construction of forestry property rights exchange market, standardize the rules of forestry property rights assessment, ensure the fair distribution of transfer income, strengthen the government’s supervision, reduce the trading risks and marketing risks, increase the government allowance for public welfare forest and compensation for land acquisition. Thus we can guarantee a healthy development of the transfer of collective forestry property rights.
To become shareholders of collective forestry property rights is another approach to realize the capitalized operation of collective forestry property rights. Till now, this share holding process has covered two phases: 1981-1998, the initial specific stage and from 1998 till now, a new stage at present. Actually, those forest stock companies who acted according to the forest farmers’will, insisted on scientific management, and managed a continual operation of their business, have obtained great improvement and enhances in their business scale, yield and output value, technique level, economic profits and management mode from the beginning period till present. Similar to ordinary procedures of stock joint cooperation, the buying-in process of collective forestry property rights encountered a lot of problems and obstacles. Besides, owing to the unique features of forestry assets, it tends to be particularly difficult to deal with their own conflicts. As a result, effective measures must be taken to delimitate the property ownership of the stock assets, properly determine the value of equity, optimize institution framework, stimulate inflows of more external factors, and increase economic allowances and financial support to accelerate the harmonious development of the buying-in process of collective forestry property rights.
Mortgage loan of collective forestry property rights is a third way to conduct the capitalized operation of collective forestry property rights. Forest farmers are able to receive financial assistance and circulation through mortgage in advance without the change of the forest property ownership. There are five modes to realize the mortgage of collective forestry property rights in real practice: direct loan with mortgage of the certificate of forest property rights; mortgage between financial institutions, insurance company, and farmers; financial institutions plus the credit platform of the government plus farmers; financial institutions plus the civilian insurance organizations plus farmers; finance institutions plus head enterprises plus farmers. At present, the credit market of the mortgage of collective forestry property rights is unbalanced, heavily restrained by inefficient credit supply, and sabotaged with defective service system. Accordingly, the government should take measures to provide more financial credit support by adjusting the quota of loan, increasing credit supply, enlarging government subsidy, guaranteeing the efficiency of mortgage law, and reducing financing cost. At the same time, the government should perfect the service system of the mortgage loan of collective forestry property rights by accelerating the circulation of forestry property ownership, developing forestry insurance business to extend guaranty modes, and improving policy environments.
引文
①刘璨,中国集体林制度与林业发展,经济科学出版社,北京,2008.3:4
②2010年林业经济运行状况报告,中国林业新闻网,[EB/OL],2011-1-4,
①朱洪革,森林自然资本管理问题研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2006.6:32
②沈振宇,王秀芹,森林资源资本化,农业技术经济,2001.2:6-11
③蒋加强,关于资源资本化问题的几点思考,学习与思考,2004.2:12
④胡奕琴,农地资本化经营与政府规制研究,农业经济问题,2006.1:46
①刘宏明,我国林权有关问题评述,绿色中国理论版,2004.2:53
②樊喜斌,刘红梅等,完善我国林权及其流转体系研究,林业经济,2007.8:54
①黄和亮,张建国,林地资源分类利用与林地资源价格,林业经济问题,2005.8:226
①Peter Gluck. ProPerty rights and multipurpose mountain forest management forest policy economic,2002,4(2):125-134
②Frank Place,Keijiro Otsuka. Population,Tenure,and Natural Resource Management:The Case of Customary Land Aiea in Malawi (J) Joumal of Environmental Economies and a journal of the intenat, 2001,36(2):197-204
③Broderiek, StePhen H, Kenneh P.Hadden, and Brian Heninger.The next generation,s forest: Woodland owners, attitudes toward estate Planning and land Preservation in Connecticut. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry1994,(2):47-52
①辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:1145
①农村集体经济组织,百度百科, [EB/OL],2010-5-21,
①盛婉玉,基于物权理论的森林资源产权制度研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007.6:65
②刘德钦,林政管理,上海交通大学出版社,上海,2007:62-66
①王迪生,从德国的实践谈我国森林资源有偿流转,林业资源管理,2001.5:5
①何黎清,芬兰林业发展对我国林业建设的启示,林业经济,2009.4:78
②俄罗斯林业改革与基层森林管理动向,国家林业局网站,[EB/OL],2011-2-10,
③陈洁,刘欣,新西兰林业私有化的特点和启示,世界林业研究,2009.8:7-8
④美国森林资源近况,国家林业局网站,[EB/OL],2011-2-11,
⑤美国与日本私有林政策变革及比较分析,百度文库,[EB/OL],2011-2-11,
①周其仁,产权与制度变迁:中国改革的经验研究,社会科学文献出版社,北京,2002:6
②黄韬,中国农地集体产权制度研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,2010.4:48-55
①辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:2270
①曾康霖,谢应辉,资金论,中国金融出版社,北京,1990:50-138
②辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:2271
③王兆君,国有森林资源资产运营研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2003.6:34
①亚当·斯密[英],国民财富的性质和原因的研究上卷,商务印书馆,北京,1974.6:26-27
①保尔.安东尼.萨缪尔森(Paul Anthong Samuelson, 1915-2009),经济学,商务印书馆,北京,1981:306
①黄祖辉,傅夏仙,农地股份合作制:土地使用权流转中的制度创新,浙江社会科学,2001.5:40
②杨洪涛,唐美丽,新土地股份制:求解“三农”问题的路径探索,农村经济,2009.11:30
①张金伟,几种证券化探索,中国房地产金融,1999.2:12
①中国林业统计年鉴(2008),中国统计出版社,北京,2009:178
①罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,太原,2005.8:236
①黄韬,中国农地集体产权制度研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,2010.4:40-43
①黄少安,产权经济学导论,经济科学出版社,北京,2004:127-144
②罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,太原,2005:241
③刘文燕,国有森林资源产权制度改革研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007:39-42
①戴歌新,中国国有企业制度创新研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,1999:73
①黄少安,产权经济学导论,经济科学出版社,北京,2004.10:76
①周珂,林业物权的法律定位,北京林业大学学报,2008.6:1-6
①王晓毅,胡崇德,禁伐条件下的集体林改革——秦岭山区三村调查,江苏行政学院学报,2007.1:65-67
①张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
②张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林权纠纷成因分析——杨家墟村案例研究,林业经济,2007.12:12-13
③张红霄,张敏新,东源村集体林地产权安排的案例研究,林业经济问题,2003.2:25-28
①张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
①冷清波,杜天真,基于巴泽尔产权经济理论的集体林产权界定与保护的经济学分析,林业科学,2008.1:134-139
②王晓毅,胡崇德,禁伐条件下的集体林改革———秦岭山区三村调查,江苏行政学院学报,2007.1:65-72
①张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
②张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林业股份合作制向均山制的制度变迁——周源村案例分析,中国农村经济,2007.12:47-54
①徐秀英,南方集体林区森林可持续经营的林权制度研究,北京林业大学博士论文,2005:152-153
①刘璨,中国集体林制度与林业发展,经济科学出版社,北京,2008.3:186
①冷清波,杜天真,基于巴泽尔产权经济理论的集体林产权界定与保护的经济学分析,林业科学,2008.1:134-139
①罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,西安,2005.8:385
①何黎清,芬兰林业发展对我国林业建设的启示,林业经济,2009.4:78
①刘国仁,资源性资产评估,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2002:3
①马克思,资本论(第三卷),人民出版社,北京,1975:693-720
②伊利等,土地经济学理,商务印书馆,北京,1982:223,225
①刘梅娟,森林自然资本公允价值计量研究,中国农业出版社,北京,2010.3:46
①罗江滨,陈平留,陈新兴,森林资源资产评估,中国林业出版社,北京,2006.2:61-145
①尉京红,资产评估质量评价与控制研究,中国财政经济出版社,北京,2008.11:113
①孙世民,优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的行为选择机理及其优化策略研究,运筹与管理,2004.10:106-108
①黄和亮,林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,福建农林大学博士论文,2005.4:32-34
①周新玲,林地使用权流转的调查与分析———以湖北省为例,中国农村经济,2005.5:71-74
①中共中央宣传部新闻局、国家林业局新闻办公室、国家林业林改办公室编,先行者的足迹——集体林权制度改革典型报道,中国农业出版社,北京,2007.11:103
①缪光平,关于规范集体林权流转的建议,林业经济,2010.7:15-19
②李延荣、周珂等,集体林权流转和林地使用费法律问题研究,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:46
①李延荣,周珂等,集体林权流转和林地使用费法律问题研究,中国人民大学出版社,北京, 2008.4:9
①樊喜斌,关于林地流转问题的探讨,林业资源管理,2006.8:16
②舒尔茨,改造传统农业,商务印书馆出版社,北京,2006.3:150-175
①黄和亮,林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,福建农林大学博士论文,2005.4 :114-115
②陈祖挺,福建省重点生态公益林保护建设的探讨,华东森林经理,2004.4
①解安,农村土地股份合作制的生成机理分析,生产力研究,2002.6:98-101
①陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省林业股份合作经济的实践与创举-浩川公司的启示,林业经济,1997.6:31-37
②张春霞,乡村林业股份合作经济的误区与出路一一林业产权制度研究之二,林业经济问题,1994.3:8-14
③陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省股份合作林业的调查与分析,林业经济,1997.4:41
①傅圭璧,包应森,高兆蔚,福建省集体林股份合作制创建发展与展望研究,林业经济问题,2008.10:463-464
②陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省林业股份合作经济的实践与创举——浩川公司的启示,林业经济,1997.6:31-37
①黄安胜,张春霞,苏时鹏,谢志忠,林业股份合作制模式最优经营规模分析:基于协调成本的思考,林业经济问题,2008.10:414-418
①潘伟杰,制度.制度变迁与政府规制研究,上海三联书店,上海,2005.12:152-153
②蒋省三,韩俊,土地资本化与农村工业化——南海发展模式与制度创新,山西经济出版社,太原,2005.7:202
①李莉,黄和亮,吴秀娟,林权抵押贷款借贷双方的行为分析——以福建省永安市为例,林业经济问题,2008.2:81-84
①汪永红,祝锡萍,石道金,王天东,论森林资源资产抵押贷款的理论特征和实践意义,林业经济问题,2008.4:104-109
①张菡冰,森林资源资产抵押贷款研究综述,林业经济问题, 2010.8:318
①张丽萍,浅谈林业投融资体制改革,辽宁林业科技,2007.2:53-55
①马九杰,李歆,林业投融资改革与金融创新,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:59
①马九杰,李歆,林业投融资改革与金融创新,北京,中国人民大学出版社,2008.4:20-21
②韩立达,王静,李华,中国林权抵押贷款制度中的问题及对策研究,林业经济问题,2009.6:198
③林苇,王占洲,论林权抵押,林业经济问题,2008.10:432-434
①夏云娇,赵国威,林权抵押贷款的法律问题探析,理论月刊,2009.9:123-125
②李剑平,当前影响林权抵押贷款制约因素及对策,浙江金融,2007.5:28
(1) 2009年全国林业经济运行状况报告,国家林业局,林业概况, [EB/OL],2010-12-2,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/58/content-435929.html
(2) 2010年中国林业发展报告,国家林业局,林业概况,[EB/OL],2010-10-7,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/62/content-464039.html
(3)保尔.安东尼.萨缪尔森(Paul Anthong Samuelson, 1915-2009),经济学,商务印书馆,北京,1981:306
(4)陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省股份合作林业的调查与分析,林业经济,1997.4:41
(5)陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省林业股份合作经济的实践与创举-浩川公司的启示,林业经济,1997.6:31-37
(6)陈洁,刘欣,新西兰林业私有化的特点和启示,世界林业研究,2009.8:7-8
(7)陈祖挺,福建省重点生态公益林保护建设的探讨,华东森林经理,2004.4
(8)辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:1145,2270,2271
(9)戴歌新,中国国有企业制度创新研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,1999:73
(10)樊喜斌,关于林地流转问题的探讨,林业资源管理,2006.8:16
(11)樊喜斌,刘红梅等,完善我国林权及其流转体系研究,林业经济,2007.8:54
(12)傅圭璧,包应森,高兆蔚,福建省集体林股份合作制创建发展与展望研究,林业经济问题,2008.10:463-464
(13)广东林权抵押贷款2010年将达25亿元,中国农业网,[EB/OL],2010-6-3,http://www.nongyeziyuan.com/index.php?mod=news&code=view&id=8058
(14)国家林业局,俄罗斯林业改革与基层森林管理动向,[EB/OL],2011-1-3, http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/237/content-434853.html
(15)国家林业局,美国森林资源近况,[EB/OL],2010-7-12,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/239/content-448935.html
(16)韩立达,王静,李华,中国林权抵押贷款制度中的问题及对策研究,林业经济问题,2009.6:198
(17)何黎清,芬兰林业发展对我国林业建设的启示,林业经济,2009.4:78
(18)胡奕琴,农地资本化经营与政府规制研究,农业经济问题,2006.1:46
(19)黄安胜,张春霞,苏时鹏,谢志忠,林业股份合作制模式最优经营规模分析:基于协调成本的思考,林业经济问题,2008.10:414-418
(20)黄和亮,福建农林大学博士论文,林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,2005.4 :114-115
(21)黄和亮,张建国,林地资源分类利用与林地资源价格,林业经济问题,2005.8:226
(22)黄少安,产权经济学导论,经济科学出版社,北京,2004.10:76,127-144
(23)黄韬,中国农地集体产权制度研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,2010.4:48-55
(24)黄祖辉,傅夏仙,农地股份合作制:土地使用权流转中的制度创新,浙江社会科学,2001.5:40-42
(25)减排二氧化碳483吨,相当于10409棵40年的参天大树全年的减碳效果,金陵晚报(南京),[EB/OL],2010-12-29,http://news.163.com/10/0415/15/64AP7BEH00014AED.html
(26)蒋加强,关于资源资本化问题的几点思考,学习与思考,2004.2:12
(27)蒋省三,韩俊,土地资本化与农村工业化——南海发展模式与制度创新,山西经济出版社,太原,2005.7:202
(28)解安,农村土地股份合作制的生成机理分析,生产力研究,2002.6:98-101
(29)冷清波,杜天真,基于巴泽尔产权经济理论的集体林产权界定与保护的经济学分析,林业科学,2008.1:134-139
(30)李剑平,当前影响林权抵押贷款制约因素及对策,浙江金融,2007.5:28
(31)李莉,黄和亮,吴秀娟,林权抵押贷款借贷双方的行为分析——以福建省永安市为例,林业经济问题,2008.2:81-84
(32)李延荣,周珂等著,集体林权流转和林地使用费法律问题研究,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:9
(33)林地使用权流转的调查与分析——以湖北省为例,周新玲,中国农村经济,2005.5:71-74
(34)林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,黄和亮,福建农林大学博士论文,2005.4:32-34
(35)林苇,王占洲,论林权抵押,林业经济问题,2008.10 : 432-434
(36)刘璨,中国集体林制度与林业发展,经济科学出版社,北京,2008.3:4,186
(37)刘德钦,林政管理,上海交通大学出版社,上海,2007:62-66
(38)刘国仁,资源性资产评估,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2002:3
(39)刘宏明,我国林权有关问题评述,绿色中国理论版,2004第02M期:53
(40)刘梅娟,森林自然资本公允价值计量研究,中国农业出版社,北京,2010.3:46
(41)刘文燕,国有森林资源产权制度改革研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007:39-42
(42)罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,太原,2005:241,236,385
(43)罗江滨,陈平留,陈新兴,森林资源资产评估,中国林业出版社,北京,2006.2:61-145
(44)马九杰,李歆,林业投融资改革与金融创新,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:20-21,59
(45)马克思,资本论(第三卷),人民出版社,北京,1975:693-720
(46)美国与日本私有林政策变革及比较分析,[EB/OL],2011-2-11, http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f71844f7f61fb7360b4c65e4.html
(47)缪光平,关于规范集体林权流转的建议,林业经济,2010.7:15-19
(48)南方林业产权交易所,[EB/OL],2010-9-12,http://www.smforestry.com/
(49)农村集体经济组织,百度百科,[EB/OL],2010-5-21,http://baike.baidu.com/view/
(50)潘伟杰,制度.制度变迁与政府规制研究,上海三联书店,上海,2005.12:152-153
(51)沈振宇,王秀芹,森林资源资本化,农业技术经济,2001.2:6-11
(52)盛婉玉,基于物权理论的森林资源产权制度研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007.6:65
(53)舒尔茨,改造传统农业,商务印书馆出版社,北京,2006.3:150-175
(54)孙世民,优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的行为选择机理及其优化策略研究,运筹与管理,2004.10:106-108
(55)汪永红,祝锡萍,石道金,王天东,论森林资源资产抵押贷款的理论特征和实践意义,林业经济问题,2008.4:104-109
(56)王迪生,从德国的实践谈我国森林资源有偿流转,林业资源管理,2001.5:5
(57)王晓毅,胡崇德,禁伐条件下的集体林改革——秦岭山区三村调查,江苏行政学院学报,2007.1:65-67
(58)王兆君,国有森林资源资产运营研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2003.6:34
(59)卫鼎-动摇西周土地制度的见证,石狮日报数字报刊,[EB/OL],2011-2-10,http://epaper.dfsc.com.cn/html/2008-09/10/content_49677.htm
(60)尉京红,资产评估质量评价与控制研究,中国财政经济出版社,北京,2008.11:113
(61)夏云娇,赵国威,林权抵押贷款的法律问题探析,理论月刊,2009.9:123-125
(62)先行者的足迹-集体林权制度改革典型报道,中共中央宣传部新闻局、国家林业局新闻办公室、国家林业林改办公室编,中国农业出版社,北京,2007.11:103
(63)徐秀英,南方集体林区森林可持续经营的林权制度研究,北京林业大学博士论文,2005.6:152-153
(64)亚当·斯密[英],国民财富的性质和原因的研究上卷,商务印书馆,北京,1974.6:26-27
(65)杨洪涛,唐美丽,新土地股份制:求解“三农”问题的路径探索,农村经济,2009.11:30
(66)伊利等,土地经济学理,商务印书馆,北京,1982:223,225
(67)曾康霖,谢应辉,资金论,中国金融出版社,1990,50-138
(68)张春霞,乡村林业股份合作经济的误区与出路——林业产权制度研究之二,林业经济问题,1994.3:8-14
(69)张菡冰,森林资源资产抵押贷款研究综述,林业经济问题,2010.8:318
(70)张红霄,张敏新,东源村集体林地产权安排的案例研究,林业经济问题,2003.2:25-28
(71)张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
(72)张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林权纠纷成因分析——杨家墟村案例研究,林业经济,2007.12:12-13
(73)张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林业股份合作制向均山制的制度变迁——周源村案例分析,中国农村经济,2007.12:47-54
(74)张金伟,几种证券化探索,中国房地产金融,1999.2:12
(75)张丽萍,浅谈林业投融资体制改革,辽宁林业科技,2007.2:53-55
(76)浙江林权抵押贷款2010年将达20亿元,中央林业工作会议,[EB/OL],2010-6-23,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/ZhuantiAction.dodispatch=content&id=267547&name=gzhy
(77)中国安徽浩川集团公司网页,[EB/OL],2011-3-24,http://www.qianyan.biz/qy-173435.html
(78)中国林业产权交易所公司简介,中国林业产权交易所网站,[EB/OL],2010-9-12, http://www.chinaforest.com.cn/article/gywm/gsjj/
(79)中国林业统计年鉴2008,2009:178
(80) 2010年林业经济运行状况报告,中国林业网,[EB/OL],2011-3-25,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/304/content-458701.html
(81) 2010年中国林业发展报告,国家林业局网,林业概况,[EB/OL],2010-10-7,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/62/content-464039.html
(82)周其仁,产权与制度变迁:中国改革的经验研究,社会科学文献出版社,北京,2002:6
(83)周珂,林业物权的法律定位,北京林业大学学报,2008.6:1-6
(84)朱洪革,森林自然资本管理问题研究,东北林业大学,博士论文,2006.6:98-102
(85)资产评估准则—基本准则,财政部网站,[EB/OL],2010-4-21,http://www.bicpa.org/html/2005-10/943.html
(86) Peter Gluck. ProPerty rights and multipurpose mountain forest management forest policy economic,2002,4(2):125-134
(87) Frank Place,Keijiro Otsuka. Population,Tenure,and Natural Resource Management:The Case of Customary Land Aiea in Malawi (J) Joumal of Environmental Economies and a journal of the intenat, 2001,36(2):197-204
(88) Broderiek, StePhen H, Kenneh P.Hadden, and Brian Heninger.The next generation,s forest: Woodland owners, attitudes toward estate Planning and land Preservation in Connecticut. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry1994,(2):47-52
(89) Zhang,Y.,Tachibana,S.,Nagata,S. 2006.Impact of Socio-economic Factors on the Changes in Forest Areas in China. Forest Policy and Economics 9 (2006).
(90) World Bank. 2002. The World Development Report 2002, Oxford,UK: Oxford University Press.
(91) Pencavel, J. and B. Craig, 1994, The Empirical Performance of Orthodox Models of the Firm : Conventional Firms and Worker Cooperatives, Journal of Political Economy, 102 (4).
(92) Mather, A. S. , Needle, C. I. , Fairbairn, J. 1999. Environmental Kuznets Curves and Forest Trends. Geography 84 (1).
(93) Lin, Justin Yifu, 1986, The impacts of the Household responsibility System on China’s Agricultural Production, Development of Economics, University of Chicago.
(94) Lin, Justin Yifu, 1988, The Household responsibility System in China’s Agricultural Reform : a Theoretical and Empirical Study, Economics Development and Cultural Change, 36.
(95) Lin, Justin Yifu, 1992, Rural Reforms and Agricultural Growth in China, American Economic Review, 82.
(96) FAO,State of the World’s Forests 2007, 2007,Rome,italy.
(97) FAO,State of the World’s Forests 1997 1997,Rome,italy.
(98) Bogaert T. , Willamson I. P. , Fendel E. M.. The roles of land administration in the accession of central European countries to the European Union. Land Use Policy [J], 2002, 19 (1) :29—46.
(99) Darla K. Munroe, Abigail P. York. Jobs, House, and Tress :Changing Regional Structure,Local Land-use Pattern, and Forest Cover in Southern Indiana. Growth and Change [J], 2003, 34(3) :299—320.
(100) Horst Weyerhaeuser, Fredrich Kahrl,Su Yufang. Ensuring a future for collective forestry in China’s southwest :adding human and social to policy reforms [J] . Forest Policy and Economics, 2006, 8(4) :375—385.
(101) Joshua M. Duke, Eleonora M. Price repression in the Slovak agricultural land market [J]. Land Use Policy, 2004, (21) :59—69.
(102) Matthew G. Agricultural land reform in Moldova [J]. Land Use Policy, 2001, 18 (3):269--279
(103) Runsheng Yin, David H. Newman. Impacts of rural reforms :the case of the Chinese forest sector [J] . Environment and Development Economics, 1997,2(3) :291—305.
(104) Terry van Dijk. Scenarios of central European Land fragmentation [J] . Land Use Policy,2003, 20(2) :145—158.
(105) Anthon Slangen. Pre-conditions for successful contrac farming and other trade/credit arrangements between agribusiness and farmers. Rural Finance and Credit Infrastucture in China, October, 2003.
(106) Baker, C . B. and V.K. Bhargave. Financing small-farm development in India. Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1974, Vol.18, No.2 :101—118.
(107) Berger, A.N. and G.F.Udell. Relationship lending and lines of credit in small firm finance. Journal of Business,1995, vol.68 :351—382.
(108) Berger, Allen, N.Leora F.Klapper, and Gregory F. Udell. The Ability and Banks to Lend to Informationally Opaque Small Businesses, Journal of Banking and Finanace, 2001(25) :2127—2167.
(109) Ahluwalia,M.A. 1976. inequality,poverty and development.Journal of Development Economics3 (4).
(110) Bhattarai,M.,Hamming,H.,2001.Institutions and the Envi-ronmental Kuznets Curve for Deforestation: A Crosscounty Analysis for Latin America,Africa and Asia. World Development 29
②2010年林业经济运行状况报告,中国林业新闻网,[EB/OL],2011-1-4,
①朱洪革,森林自然资本管理问题研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2006.6:32
②沈振宇,王秀芹,森林资源资本化,农业技术经济,2001.2:6-11
③蒋加强,关于资源资本化问题的几点思考,学习与思考,2004.2:12
④胡奕琴,农地资本化经营与政府规制研究,农业经济问题,2006.1:46
①刘宏明,我国林权有关问题评述,绿色中国理论版,2004.2:53
②樊喜斌,刘红梅等,完善我国林权及其流转体系研究,林业经济,2007.8:54
①黄和亮,张建国,林地资源分类利用与林地资源价格,林业经济问题,2005.8:226
①Peter Gluck. ProPerty rights and multipurpose mountain forest management forest policy economic,2002,4(2):125-134
②Frank Place,Keijiro Otsuka. Population,Tenure,and Natural Resource Management:The Case of Customary Land Aiea in Malawi (J) Joumal of Environmental Economies and a journal of the intenat, 2001,36(2):197-204
③Broderiek, StePhen H, Kenneh P.Hadden, and Brian Heninger.The next generation,s forest: Woodland owners, attitudes toward estate Planning and land Preservation in Connecticut. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry1994,(2):47-52
①辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:1145
①农村集体经济组织,百度百科, [EB/OL],2010-5-21,
①盛婉玉,基于物权理论的森林资源产权制度研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007.6:65
②刘德钦,林政管理,上海交通大学出版社,上海,2007:62-66
①王迪生,从德国的实践谈我国森林资源有偿流转,林业资源管理,2001.5:5
①何黎清,芬兰林业发展对我国林业建设的启示,林业经济,2009.4:78
②俄罗斯林业改革与基层森林管理动向,国家林业局网站,[EB/OL],2011-2-10,
③陈洁,刘欣,新西兰林业私有化的特点和启示,世界林业研究,2009.8:7-8
④美国森林资源近况,国家林业局网站,[EB/OL],2011-2-11,
⑤美国与日本私有林政策变革及比较分析,百度文库,[EB/OL],2011-2-11,
①周其仁,产权与制度变迁:中国改革的经验研究,社会科学文献出版社,北京,2002:6
②黄韬,中国农地集体产权制度研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,2010.4:48-55
①辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:2270
①曾康霖,谢应辉,资金论,中国金融出版社,北京,1990:50-138
②辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:2271
③王兆君,国有森林资源资产运营研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2003.6:34
①亚当·斯密[英],国民财富的性质和原因的研究上卷,商务印书馆,北京,1974.6:26-27
①保尔.安东尼.萨缪尔森(Paul Anthong Samuelson, 1915-2009),经济学,商务印书馆,北京,1981:306
①黄祖辉,傅夏仙,农地股份合作制:土地使用权流转中的制度创新,浙江社会科学,2001.5:40
②杨洪涛,唐美丽,新土地股份制:求解“三农”问题的路径探索,农村经济,2009.11:30
①张金伟,几种证券化探索,中国房地产金融,1999.2:12
①中国林业统计年鉴(2008),中国统计出版社,北京,2009:178
①罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,太原,2005.8:236
①黄韬,中国农地集体产权制度研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,2010.4:40-43
①黄少安,产权经济学导论,经济科学出版社,北京,2004:127-144
②罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,太原,2005:241
③刘文燕,国有森林资源产权制度改革研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007:39-42
①戴歌新,中国国有企业制度创新研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,1999:73
①黄少安,产权经济学导论,经济科学出版社,北京,2004.10:76
①周珂,林业物权的法律定位,北京林业大学学报,2008.6:1-6
①王晓毅,胡崇德,禁伐条件下的集体林改革——秦岭山区三村调查,江苏行政学院学报,2007.1:65-67
①张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
②张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林权纠纷成因分析——杨家墟村案例研究,林业经济,2007.12:12-13
③张红霄,张敏新,东源村集体林地产权安排的案例研究,林业经济问题,2003.2:25-28
①张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
①冷清波,杜天真,基于巴泽尔产权经济理论的集体林产权界定与保护的经济学分析,林业科学,2008.1:134-139
②王晓毅,胡崇德,禁伐条件下的集体林改革———秦岭山区三村调查,江苏行政学院学报,2007.1:65-72
①张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
②张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林业股份合作制向均山制的制度变迁——周源村案例分析,中国农村经济,2007.12:47-54
①徐秀英,南方集体林区森林可持续经营的林权制度研究,北京林业大学博士论文,2005:152-153
①刘璨,中国集体林制度与林业发展,经济科学出版社,北京,2008.3:186
①冷清波,杜天真,基于巴泽尔产权经济理论的集体林产权界定与保护的经济学分析,林业科学,2008.1:134-139
①罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,西安,2005.8:385
①何黎清,芬兰林业发展对我国林业建设的启示,林业经济,2009.4:78
①刘国仁,资源性资产评估,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2002:3
①马克思,资本论(第三卷),人民出版社,北京,1975:693-720
②伊利等,土地经济学理,商务印书馆,北京,1982:223,225
①刘梅娟,森林自然资本公允价值计量研究,中国农业出版社,北京,2010.3:46
①罗江滨,陈平留,陈新兴,森林资源资产评估,中国林业出版社,北京,2006.2:61-145
①尉京红,资产评估质量评价与控制研究,中国财政经济出版社,北京,2008.11:113
①孙世民,优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的行为选择机理及其优化策略研究,运筹与管理,2004.10:106-108
①黄和亮,林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,福建农林大学博士论文,2005.4:32-34
①周新玲,林地使用权流转的调查与分析———以湖北省为例,中国农村经济,2005.5:71-74
①中共中央宣传部新闻局、国家林业局新闻办公室、国家林业林改办公室编,先行者的足迹——集体林权制度改革典型报道,中国农业出版社,北京,2007.11:103
①缪光平,关于规范集体林权流转的建议,林业经济,2010.7:15-19
②李延荣、周珂等,集体林权流转和林地使用费法律问题研究,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:46
①李延荣,周珂等,集体林权流转和林地使用费法律问题研究,中国人民大学出版社,北京, 2008.4:9
①樊喜斌,关于林地流转问题的探讨,林业资源管理,2006.8:16
②舒尔茨,改造传统农业,商务印书馆出版社,北京,2006.3:150-175
①黄和亮,林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,福建农林大学博士论文,2005.4 :114-115
②陈祖挺,福建省重点生态公益林保护建设的探讨,华东森林经理,2004.4
①解安,农村土地股份合作制的生成机理分析,生产力研究,2002.6:98-101
①陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省林业股份合作经济的实践与创举-浩川公司的启示,林业经济,1997.6:31-37
②张春霞,乡村林业股份合作经济的误区与出路一一林业产权制度研究之二,林业经济问题,1994.3:8-14
③陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省股份合作林业的调查与分析,林业经济,1997.4:41
①傅圭璧,包应森,高兆蔚,福建省集体林股份合作制创建发展与展望研究,林业经济问题,2008.10:463-464
②陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省林业股份合作经济的实践与创举——浩川公司的启示,林业经济,1997.6:31-37
①黄安胜,张春霞,苏时鹏,谢志忠,林业股份合作制模式最优经营规模分析:基于协调成本的思考,林业经济问题,2008.10:414-418
①潘伟杰,制度.制度变迁与政府规制研究,上海三联书店,上海,2005.12:152-153
②蒋省三,韩俊,土地资本化与农村工业化——南海发展模式与制度创新,山西经济出版社,太原,2005.7:202
①李莉,黄和亮,吴秀娟,林权抵押贷款借贷双方的行为分析——以福建省永安市为例,林业经济问题,2008.2:81-84
①汪永红,祝锡萍,石道金,王天东,论森林资源资产抵押贷款的理论特征和实践意义,林业经济问题,2008.4:104-109
①张菡冰,森林资源资产抵押贷款研究综述,林业经济问题, 2010.8:318
①张丽萍,浅谈林业投融资体制改革,辽宁林业科技,2007.2:53-55
①马九杰,李歆,林业投融资改革与金融创新,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:59
①马九杰,李歆,林业投融资改革与金融创新,北京,中国人民大学出版社,2008.4:20-21
②韩立达,王静,李华,中国林权抵押贷款制度中的问题及对策研究,林业经济问题,2009.6:198
③林苇,王占洲,论林权抵押,林业经济问题,2008.10:432-434
①夏云娇,赵国威,林权抵押贷款的法律问题探析,理论月刊,2009.9:123-125
②李剑平,当前影响林权抵押贷款制约因素及对策,浙江金融,2007.5:28
(1) 2009年全国林业经济运行状况报告,国家林业局,林业概况, [EB/OL],2010-12-2,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/58/content-435929.html
(2) 2010年中国林业发展报告,国家林业局,林业概况,[EB/OL],2010-10-7,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/62/content-464039.html
(3)保尔.安东尼.萨缪尔森(Paul Anthong Samuelson, 1915-2009),经济学,商务印书馆,北京,1981:306
(4)陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省股份合作林业的调查与分析,林业经济,1997.4:41
(5)陈放鸣,高谦,安徽省林业股份合作经济的实践与创举-浩川公司的启示,林业经济,1997.6:31-37
(6)陈洁,刘欣,新西兰林业私有化的特点和启示,世界林业研究,2009.8:7-8
(7)陈祖挺,福建省重点生态公益林保护建设的探讨,华东森林经理,2004.4
(8)辞海,上海辞书出版社,上海,2002:1145,2270,2271
(9)戴歌新,中国国有企业制度创新研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,1999:73
(10)樊喜斌,关于林地流转问题的探讨,林业资源管理,2006.8:16
(11)樊喜斌,刘红梅等,完善我国林权及其流转体系研究,林业经济,2007.8:54
(12)傅圭璧,包应森,高兆蔚,福建省集体林股份合作制创建发展与展望研究,林业经济问题,2008.10:463-464
(13)广东林权抵押贷款2010年将达25亿元,中国农业网,[EB/OL],2010-6-3,http://www.nongyeziyuan.com/index.php?mod=news&code=view&id=8058
(14)国家林业局,俄罗斯林业改革与基层森林管理动向,[EB/OL],2011-1-3, http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/237/content-434853.html
(15)国家林业局,美国森林资源近况,[EB/OL],2010-7-12,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/239/content-448935.html
(16)韩立达,王静,李华,中国林权抵押贷款制度中的问题及对策研究,林业经济问题,2009.6:198
(17)何黎清,芬兰林业发展对我国林业建设的启示,林业经济,2009.4:78
(18)胡奕琴,农地资本化经营与政府规制研究,农业经济问题,2006.1:46
(19)黄安胜,张春霞,苏时鹏,谢志忠,林业股份合作制模式最优经营规模分析:基于协调成本的思考,林业经济问题,2008.10:414-418
(20)黄和亮,福建农林大学博士论文,林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,2005.4 :114-115
(21)黄和亮,张建国,林地资源分类利用与林地资源价格,林业经济问题,2005.8:226
(22)黄少安,产权经济学导论,经济科学出版社,北京,2004.10:76,127-144
(23)黄韬,中国农地集体产权制度研究,西南财经大学出版社,成都,2010.4:48-55
(24)黄祖辉,傅夏仙,农地股份合作制:土地使用权流转中的制度创新,浙江社会科学,2001.5:40-42
(25)减排二氧化碳483吨,相当于10409棵40年的参天大树全年的减碳效果,金陵晚报(南京),[EB/OL],2010-12-29,http://news.163.com/10/0415/15/64AP7BEH00014AED.html
(26)蒋加强,关于资源资本化问题的几点思考,学习与思考,2004.2:12
(27)蒋省三,韩俊,土地资本化与农村工业化——南海发展模式与制度创新,山西经济出版社,太原,2005.7:202
(28)解安,农村土地股份合作制的生成机理分析,生产力研究,2002.6:98-101
(29)冷清波,杜天真,基于巴泽尔产权经济理论的集体林产权界定与保护的经济学分析,林业科学,2008.1:134-139
(30)李剑平,当前影响林权抵押贷款制约因素及对策,浙江金融,2007.5:28
(31)李莉,黄和亮,吴秀娟,林权抵押贷款借贷双方的行为分析——以福建省永安市为例,林业经济问题,2008.2:81-84
(32)李延荣,周珂等著,集体林权流转和林地使用费法律问题研究,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:9
(33)林地使用权流转的调查与分析——以湖北省为例,周新玲,中国农村经济,2005.5:71-74
(34)林地市场与林地市场化配置研究,黄和亮,福建农林大学博士论文,2005.4:32-34
(35)林苇,王占洲,论林权抵押,林业经济问题,2008.10 : 432-434
(36)刘璨,中国集体林制度与林业发展,经济科学出版社,北京,2008.3:4,186
(37)刘德钦,林政管理,上海交通大学出版社,上海,2007:62-66
(38)刘国仁,资源性资产评估,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2002:3
(39)刘宏明,我国林权有关问题评述,绿色中国理论版,2004第02M期:53
(40)刘梅娟,森林自然资本公允价值计量研究,中国农业出版社,北京,2010.3:46
(41)刘文燕,国有森林资源产权制度改革研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007:39-42
(42)罗必良,新制度经济学,山西经济出版社,太原,2005:241,236,385
(43)罗江滨,陈平留,陈新兴,森林资源资产评估,中国林业出版社,北京,2006.2:61-145
(44)马九杰,李歆,林业投融资改革与金融创新,中国人民大学出版社,北京,2008.4:20-21,59
(45)马克思,资本论(第三卷),人民出版社,北京,1975:693-720
(46)美国与日本私有林政策变革及比较分析,[EB/OL],2011-2-11, http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f71844f7f61fb7360b4c65e4.html
(47)缪光平,关于规范集体林权流转的建议,林业经济,2010.7:15-19
(48)南方林业产权交易所,[EB/OL],2010-9-12,http://www.smforestry.com/
(49)农村集体经济组织,百度百科,[EB/OL],2010-5-21,http://baike.baidu.com/view/
(50)潘伟杰,制度.制度变迁与政府规制研究,上海三联书店,上海,2005.12:152-153
(51)沈振宇,王秀芹,森林资源资本化,农业技术经济,2001.2:6-11
(52)盛婉玉,基于物权理论的森林资源产权制度研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2007.6:65
(53)舒尔茨,改造传统农业,商务印书馆出版社,北京,2006.3:150-175
(54)孙世民,优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的行为选择机理及其优化策略研究,运筹与管理,2004.10:106-108
(55)汪永红,祝锡萍,石道金,王天东,论森林资源资产抵押贷款的理论特征和实践意义,林业经济问题,2008.4:104-109
(56)王迪生,从德国的实践谈我国森林资源有偿流转,林业资源管理,2001.5:5
(57)王晓毅,胡崇德,禁伐条件下的集体林改革——秦岭山区三村调查,江苏行政学院学报,2007.1:65-67
(58)王兆君,国有森林资源资产运营研究,东北林业大学博士论文,2003.6:34
(59)卫鼎-动摇西周土地制度的见证,石狮日报数字报刊,[EB/OL],2011-2-10,http://epaper.dfsc.com.cn/html/2008-09/10/content_49677.htm
(60)尉京红,资产评估质量评价与控制研究,中国财政经济出版社,北京,2008.11:113
(61)夏云娇,赵国威,林权抵押贷款的法律问题探析,理论月刊,2009.9:123-125
(62)先行者的足迹-集体林权制度改革典型报道,中共中央宣传部新闻局、国家林业局新闻办公室、国家林业林改办公室编,中国农业出版社,北京,2007.11:103
(63)徐秀英,南方集体林区森林可持续经营的林权制度研究,北京林业大学博士论文,2005.6:152-153
(64)亚当·斯密[英],国民财富的性质和原因的研究上卷,商务印书馆,北京,1974.6:26-27
(65)杨洪涛,唐美丽,新土地股份制:求解“三农”问题的路径探索,农村经济,2009.11:30
(66)伊利等,土地经济学理,商务印书馆,北京,1982:223,225
(67)曾康霖,谢应辉,资金论,中国金融出版社,1990,50-138
(68)张春霞,乡村林业股份合作经济的误区与出路——林业产权制度研究之二,林业经济问题,1994.3:8-14
(69)张菡冰,森林资源资产抵押贷款研究综述,林业经济问题,2010.8:318
(70)张红霄,张敏新,东源村集体林地产权安排的案例研究,林业经济问题,2003.2:25-28
(71)张红霄,张敏新,集体林权产权安排与农民行为取向——福建省建瓯市叶坊村案例研究,中国农村经济,2005.7:38-39
(72)张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林权纠纷成因分析——杨家墟村案例研究,林业经济,2007.12:12-13
(73)张红霄,张敏新,刘金龙,集体林权制度改革:林业股份合作制向均山制的制度变迁——周源村案例分析,中国农村经济,2007.12:47-54
(74)张金伟,几种证券化探索,中国房地产金融,1999.2:12
(75)张丽萍,浅谈林业投融资体制改革,辽宁林业科技,2007.2:53-55
(76)浙江林权抵押贷款2010年将达20亿元,中央林业工作会议,[EB/OL],2010-6-23,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/ZhuantiAction.dodispatch=content&id=267547&name=gzhy
(77)中国安徽浩川集团公司网页,[EB/OL],2011-3-24,http://www.qianyan.biz/qy-173435.html
(78)中国林业产权交易所公司简介,中国林业产权交易所网站,[EB/OL],2010-9-12, http://www.chinaforest.com.cn/article/gywm/gsjj/
(79)中国林业统计年鉴2008,2009:178
(80) 2010年林业经济运行状况报告,中国林业网,[EB/OL],2011-3-25,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/304/content-458701.html
(81) 2010年中国林业发展报告,国家林业局网,林业概况,[EB/OL],2010-10-7,http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/s/62/content-464039.html
(82)周其仁,产权与制度变迁:中国改革的经验研究,社会科学文献出版社,北京,2002:6
(83)周珂,林业物权的法律定位,北京林业大学学报,2008.6:1-6
(84)朱洪革,森林自然资本管理问题研究,东北林业大学,博士论文,2006.6:98-102
(85)资产评估准则—基本准则,财政部网站,[EB/OL],2010-4-21,http://www.bicpa.org/html/2005-10/943.html
(86) Peter Gluck. ProPerty rights and multipurpose mountain forest management forest policy economic,2002,4(2):125-134
(87) Frank Place,Keijiro Otsuka. Population,Tenure,and Natural Resource Management:The Case of Customary Land Aiea in Malawi (J) Joumal of Environmental Economies and a journal of the intenat, 2001,36(2):197-204
(88) Broderiek, StePhen H, Kenneh P.Hadden, and Brian Heninger.The next generation,s forest: Woodland owners, attitudes toward estate Planning and land Preservation in Connecticut. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry1994,(2):47-52
(89) Zhang,Y.,Tachibana,S.,Nagata,S. 2006.Impact of Socio-economic Factors on the Changes in Forest Areas in China. Forest Policy and Economics 9 (2006).
(90) World Bank. 2002. The World Development Report 2002, Oxford,UK: Oxford University Press.
(91) Pencavel, J. and B. Craig, 1994, The Empirical Performance of Orthodox Models of the Firm : Conventional Firms and Worker Cooperatives, Journal of Political Economy, 102 (4).
(92) Mather, A. S. , Needle, C. I. , Fairbairn, J. 1999. Environmental Kuznets Curves and Forest Trends. Geography 84 (1).
(93) Lin, Justin Yifu, 1986, The impacts of the Household responsibility System on China’s Agricultural Production, Development of Economics, University of Chicago.
(94) Lin, Justin Yifu, 1988, The Household responsibility System in China’s Agricultural Reform : a Theoretical and Empirical Study, Economics Development and Cultural Change, 36.
(95) Lin, Justin Yifu, 1992, Rural Reforms and Agricultural Growth in China, American Economic Review, 82.
(96) FAO,State of the World’s Forests 2007, 2007,Rome,italy.
(97) FAO,State of the World’s Forests 1997 1997,Rome,italy.
(98) Bogaert T. , Willamson I. P. , Fendel E. M.. The roles of land administration in the accession of central European countries to the European Union. Land Use Policy [J], 2002, 19 (1) :29—46.
(99) Darla K. Munroe, Abigail P. York. Jobs, House, and Tress :Changing Regional Structure,Local Land-use Pattern, and Forest Cover in Southern Indiana. Growth and Change [J], 2003, 34(3) :299—320.
(100) Horst Weyerhaeuser, Fredrich Kahrl,Su Yufang. Ensuring a future for collective forestry in China’s southwest :adding human and social to policy reforms [J] . Forest Policy and Economics, 2006, 8(4) :375—385.
(101) Joshua M. Duke, Eleonora M. Price repression in the Slovak agricultural land market [J]. Land Use Policy, 2004, (21) :59—69.
(102) Matthew G. Agricultural land reform in Moldova [J]. Land Use Policy, 2001, 18 (3):269--279
(103) Runsheng Yin, David H. Newman. Impacts of rural reforms :the case of the Chinese forest sector [J] . Environment and Development Economics, 1997,2(3) :291—305.
(104) Terry van Dijk. Scenarios of central European Land fragmentation [J] . Land Use Policy,2003, 20(2) :145—158.
(105) Anthon Slangen. Pre-conditions for successful contrac farming and other trade/credit arrangements between agribusiness and farmers. Rural Finance and Credit Infrastucture in China, October, 2003.
(106) Baker, C . B. and V.K. Bhargave. Financing small-farm development in India. Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1974, Vol.18, No.2 :101—118.
(107) Berger, A.N. and G.F.Udell. Relationship lending and lines of credit in small firm finance. Journal of Business,1995, vol.68 :351—382.
(108) Berger, Allen, N.Leora F.Klapper, and Gregory F. Udell. The Ability and Banks to Lend to Informationally Opaque Small Businesses, Journal of Banking and Finanace, 2001(25) :2127—2167.
(109) Ahluwalia,M.A. 1976. inequality,poverty and development.Journal of Development Economics3 (4).
(110) Bhattarai,M.,Hamming,H.,2001.Institutions and the Envi-ronmental Kuznets Curve for Deforestation: A Crosscounty Analysis for Latin America,Africa and Asia. World Development 29