基于市场匹配率的物流运行效率研究
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摘要
随着中国经济发展进程的进一步加快,物流已经成为我国现代经济的重要组成部分,受到越来越多的社会关注。
一个国家物流系统的运行效率在相当程度上反映着该国经济的运行效率。物流运行效率的高低将直接影响社会经济的发展和人们生活质量水平的提高。因此,研究我国物流运行效率的影响因素,有利于提高我国整个经济的发展水平。另外,如何提高物流运行效率已成为国家发展亟待解决的现实问题。
本文主要是从物流市场供给与需求的匹配程度角度来研究物流运行效率的高低。作者认为物流市场供给与需求的匹配率越高,则物流运行效率也越高。首先,分析两个不同发展规模的物流市场,然后通过顺序统计理论得出两个市场的供需匹配程度,根据供需匹配率得出结论：物流市场越活跃、规模越大,则供需匹配率越高。其次,通过传化物流成都基地两个不同发展规模的实际数据,验证了物流市场活跃程度及规模与供需匹配率的关系。通过分析表明：物流供需匹配率越高,则物流运行效率就越高。最后,从物流服务供需匹配角度就如何培育物流市场,从而提高物流运行效率,提出了一些培育措施,具有一定的参考价值。
As the development race of China's economy accelerates gradually, logistics has become an important part of modern economy. More and more people are concerning it.
To a certain extent, a country's logistics system efficiency reflects the operating efficiency of the economy. The efficiency of logistics will directly affect the development of social economic and the improvement of quality of life. Therefore, the study on factors which influence efficiency will improve China's overall economic development level.In addition, how to improve the efficiency of logistics has becom a practical problem which will be solved for a national development.
This thesis mainly studies the level of operational efficiency of logistics market from the matching rate of supply and demand. The author thinks that the higher of supply and demand match rate of logistics market is, the higher of the efficiency of the logistics is! First, the author analyzes the development of two different sizes of the logistics markets. Then, the author obtains the matching rate of supply and demand by the theory of order statistics. The author gets a conclusion that by the matching rate of supply and demand:the higher the level of activity in the logistics market is, the higher of supply and demand matching rate of logistics market is. Second, the author gets the actual data from the Chuanhua logistics of Cheng Du. Then, the author proves the conclusion that the matching rate of supply and demand has a positive correction with the level of activity in the logistics market. The analysis shows that the higher of supply and demand matching rate of logistics market is, the higher of the efficiency of the logistics is! Finally, from the matching rate of supply and demand, the author proposes some measures for how to foster the logistics market to improve the efficiency of logistics.They have some referential values.
一个国家物流系统的运行效率在相当程度上反映着该国经济的运行效率。物流运行效率的高低将直接影响社会经济的发展和人们生活质量水平的提高。因此,研究我国物流运行效率的影响因素,有利于提高我国整个经济的发展水平。另外,如何提高物流运行效率已成为国家发展亟待解决的现实问题。
本文主要是从物流市场供给与需求的匹配程度角度来研究物流运行效率的高低。作者认为物流市场供给与需求的匹配率越高,则物流运行效率也越高。首先,分析两个不同发展规模的物流市场,然后通过顺序统计理论得出两个市场的供需匹配程度,根据供需匹配率得出结论：物流市场越活跃、规模越大,则供需匹配率越高。其次,通过传化物流成都基地两个不同发展规模的实际数据,验证了物流市场活跃程度及规模与供需匹配率的关系。通过分析表明：物流供需匹配率越高,则物流运行效率就越高。最后,从物流服务供需匹配角度就如何培育物流市场,从而提高物流运行效率,提出了一些培育措施,具有一定的参考价值。
As the development race of China's economy accelerates gradually, logistics has become an important part of modern economy. More and more people are concerning it.
To a certain extent, a country's logistics system efficiency reflects the operating efficiency of the economy. The efficiency of logistics will directly affect the development of social economic and the improvement of quality of life. Therefore, the study on factors which influence efficiency will improve China's overall economic development level.In addition, how to improve the efficiency of logistics has becom a practical problem which will be solved for a national development.
This thesis mainly studies the level of operational efficiency of logistics market from the matching rate of supply and demand. The author thinks that the higher of supply and demand match rate of logistics market is, the higher of the efficiency of the logistics is! First, the author analyzes the development of two different sizes of the logistics markets. Then, the author obtains the matching rate of supply and demand by the theory of order statistics. The author gets a conclusion that by the matching rate of supply and demand:the higher the level of activity in the logistics market is, the higher of supply and demand matching rate of logistics market is. Second, the author gets the actual data from the Chuanhua logistics of Cheng Du. Then, the author proves the conclusion that the matching rate of supply and demand has a positive correction with the level of activity in the logistics market. The analysis shows that the higher of supply and demand matching rate of logistics market is, the higher of the efficiency of the logistics is! Finally, from the matching rate of supply and demand, the author proposes some measures for how to foster the logistics market to improve the efficiency of logistics.They have some referential values.
引文
[1]侯方淼.现代物流：国际贸易的加速器[J].财经科学,2008,4：108-109
[2]吴天芳.论我国对外贸易经济新的增长点——现代物流[J].湘潭师范学院学报(社会科学版),2007,29：88-89
[3]刘芳兵.发达国家物流业发展现状及对我国物流业的启示[J].黑龙江对外经贸,2010,5：66-67
[4]宋则.应对危机降低物流成本彰显物流业影响力[J].现代物流,2009,6：26-28
[5]夏征农.辞海[M].上海：上海辞书出版社,1999
[6]樊纲等.公有制宏观经济理论人纲[M].上海：上海人民出版社,1995
[7]田源,徐寿波.基于大物流理论的物流效率评价与发展规律研究[J].生产力研究,2008,6：54-56
[8]臧瑞雪,尹静.回恺企业物流效率评价指标体系实证研究[J].探索与研究,2010,8：93-95
[9]吉福林.辽宁现代物流业发展战略研究[J].渤海大学学报.2004,26(4)：58-61
[10]曹建新,黄尔妮.广东物流业对区域经济发展的效用统计分析[J],粤港澳市场与格,2009,10：24-25
[11]代应,王振锋.港口物流服务供应链的形成与发展[J].物流科技,2009,11：43-45
[12]Hamdan A, Rogers K J. Evaluating the efficiency of 3PL logistics operations [J]. International Journal of Production Economics,2008,113(1):235-244
[13]张诚,廖韵如.科技进步对我国物流产业发展的影响[J].企业经济,2009,12：128-130
[14]胥洪娥.基于物流能力体系的物流成本构成[J].华东经济管理,2009,8：135-139
[15]Maudos J,Pastor J Manue,1 Swrrano L. Human Capital in OECD Countries:Technical Change, Efficiency and Productivity [J]. International Review of Applied Economics,2003,10:419-435
[16]傅晓霞,吴利学.技术效率、资本深化与地区差异——基于随机前沿模型的中国地区收敛分析[J].经济研究,2006(10)：55-56
[17]许鹏.基于DEA的辽宁省物流产业效率研究[D].大连：大连海事大学,2010
[18]宋华,王岚.中国企业物流成本管理现状与发展[J].中国人民大学学报,2009,4：89-95
[19]发展和改革委员会经济运行局、南开大学现代物流研究中心：《中国现代物流发展报告：2007年》,北京,机械工业出版社,2007
[20]卫云棠.试论我国物流效率的提高[J]五邑大学学报(社会科学版),2003,5(4)：21-23
[21]Donald Waters. Logistics:An Introduction to Supply Chain Management[J].Palgrave Macmillan Ltd,2003:153-165
[22]Harrison A. logistics management and Strategy[M].Pearson Education,2002
[23]LIU Wei,WANG Wen,LI Wenshun. Empirical analysis of logistics enterprises' cooperation[J].Int J Serv Operations & Informatics,2008,3(3):271-282
[24]殷玉辉,王耀球.创新支付方式提升物流效率—移动支付平台研究[J].物流技术,2004,7：18-20
[25]王海鹰.基于价值工程的电子商务环境下物流服务成本控制[J].中国经贸导刊,2010,3:53-54
[26]张国庆,刘龙青.企业物流效益研究[J].现代管理科学,2006,3：53-54
[27]Richardson H L. Explore outsourcing [J].Transportation & Distribution,1990,7(1):17-20
[28]Skjoett Larsen, T age.Third part logistics from the inter-organization point of view [J].International Journal of Physical Distribution& Logistics Management,1996,26(3):38-40
[29]但斌,吴庆,张旭梅,肖剑.第三方物流服务提供商与客户企业的共享节约合同[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007,2：46-53
[30]周欣,霍佳震.基于共同代理的多方协调下物流成本节约合同[J].工业工程与管理,2009,14(6)：
[31]Troyer C,R Cooper. Smart Moves in supply chain integration [J].Transportation and Distribution, 1995,36(9):55-65
[32]孙开钊.我国商业物流的发展现状及对策研究[J].中国储运,2009,10：88-90
[33]于僳.关于推行共同配送的几点思考[J].中国物流与采购,2010,3：40-41
[34]贺超,王琪.物流综合服务企业加运输业户[J].物流科技,27(108),21-24
[35]张智勇,何景师,桂寿平,陆丽芳.物流产业集群服务创新研究——基于复杂系统涌现性机理[J].科技进步与对策,2009,26(3)：75-77
[36]刘伟华.物流服务供应链能力合作的协调研究[D].上海交通大学,2007
[37]余泳泽,武鹏.我国物流产业效率及其影响因素的实证研究——基于中国省际数据的随机前沿生产函数分析[J].产业经济研究.2010,1：65-71
[38]刘卫.基于DEA的中国地区物流效率研究[J].中国物流与采购.2010,2：76-77
[39]张红波,罗一新.效率不确定下企业物流管理模式的柔性选择研究[J].中国工程科学.2008,10(9)：88-91
[40]Marshall, A.1920.Principles of Economics [M].London:Macmillan.
[41]Tharakan, Joe; Tropeano, Jean-Philippe.-On the impact of labor market matching on regional disparities[J].Journal of Regional Science.2009,49 (1):57-80
[42]Chung-Yi Tse.Thick market externalities in a spatial model,Regional Science and Urban Economics.2010,40:92-105
[43]Sabrina Di Addario,Job search in thick markets [J].Journal of Urban Economics, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 12 January 2011
[44]Li Gan,Qi Li. Efficiency of thin vs thick markets[J].NBER Working Paper Series#10815
[45]吴育俭.运输市场营销学[M].中国铁道出版社.2000,
[46]蒋坚.我国物流市场的热点趋势[J].中国计算机报一赛迪网.2003.03.31
[47]Wbodurff,R.B. Customer Value:The Next Soucre for Competitive Advantage[J].
[48]Blanchard,O. and Diamond. Ranking,unemployment duration,and wages [J].Review of Economic Studies.1994,61:417-434
[49]Burdett, K., Shi, S. and Wright. Pricing and matching with friction[J]. Journal of Political Economy.2001,109(5):1060-1085
[50]Coles,M.and Smith. Marketplace and matching [J].International Economic Review.1998,39(1): 239-254
[51]潘豪杰.拓展港口企业市场边界与中国枢纽港口的发展[J].物流工程与管理.2010,32(3)：9-12
[52]黄由衡,韩霜.物流客户服务成本与物流服务水平关系探析[J].物流技术.2007,26(2)：22-24
[53]Chiles.Managing the emergence of clustenan increasing re-turns approach to strategic change [J].Emergence.2001 (3):58-89
[2]吴天芳.论我国对外贸易经济新的增长点——现代物流[J].湘潭师范学院学报(社会科学版),2007,29：88-89
[3]刘芳兵.发达国家物流业发展现状及对我国物流业的启示[J].黑龙江对外经贸,2010,5：66-67
[4]宋则.应对危机降低物流成本彰显物流业影响力[J].现代物流,2009,6：26-28
[5]夏征农.辞海[M].上海：上海辞书出版社,1999
[6]樊纲等.公有制宏观经济理论人纲[M].上海：上海人民出版社,1995
[7]田源,徐寿波.基于大物流理论的物流效率评价与发展规律研究[J].生产力研究,2008,6：54-56
[8]臧瑞雪,尹静.回恺企业物流效率评价指标体系实证研究[J].探索与研究,2010,8：93-95
[9]吉福林.辽宁现代物流业发展战略研究[J].渤海大学学报.2004,26(4)：58-61
[10]曹建新,黄尔妮.广东物流业对区域经济发展的效用统计分析[J],粤港澳市场与格,2009,10：24-25
[11]代应,王振锋.港口物流服务供应链的形成与发展[J].物流科技,2009,11：43-45
[12]Hamdan A, Rogers K J. Evaluating the efficiency of 3PL logistics operations [J]. International Journal of Production Economics,2008,113(1):235-244
[13]张诚,廖韵如.科技进步对我国物流产业发展的影响[J].企业经济,2009,12：128-130
[14]胥洪娥.基于物流能力体系的物流成本构成[J].华东经济管理,2009,8：135-139
[15]Maudos J,Pastor J Manue,1 Swrrano L. Human Capital in OECD Countries:Technical Change, Efficiency and Productivity [J]. International Review of Applied Economics,2003,10:419-435
[16]傅晓霞,吴利学.技术效率、资本深化与地区差异——基于随机前沿模型的中国地区收敛分析[J].经济研究,2006(10)：55-56
[17]许鹏.基于DEA的辽宁省物流产业效率研究[D].大连：大连海事大学,2010
[18]宋华,王岚.中国企业物流成本管理现状与发展[J].中国人民大学学报,2009,4：89-95
[19]发展和改革委员会经济运行局、南开大学现代物流研究中心：《中国现代物流发展报告：2007年》,北京,机械工业出版社,2007
[20]卫云棠.试论我国物流效率的提高[J]五邑大学学报(社会科学版),2003,5(4)：21-23
[21]Donald Waters. Logistics:An Introduction to Supply Chain Management[J].Palgrave Macmillan Ltd,2003:153-165
[22]Harrison A. logistics management and Strategy[M].Pearson Education,2002
[23]LIU Wei,WANG Wen,LI Wenshun. Empirical analysis of logistics enterprises' cooperation[J].Int J Serv Operations & Informatics,2008,3(3):271-282
[24]殷玉辉,王耀球.创新支付方式提升物流效率—移动支付平台研究[J].物流技术,2004,7：18-20
[25]王海鹰.基于价值工程的电子商务环境下物流服务成本控制[J].中国经贸导刊,2010,3:53-54
[26]张国庆,刘龙青.企业物流效益研究[J].现代管理科学,2006,3：53-54
[27]Richardson H L. Explore outsourcing [J].Transportation & Distribution,1990,7(1):17-20
[28]Skjoett Larsen, T age.Third part logistics from the inter-organization point of view [J].International Journal of Physical Distribution& Logistics Management,1996,26(3):38-40
[29]但斌,吴庆,张旭梅,肖剑.第三方物流服务提供商与客户企业的共享节约合同[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007,2：46-53
[30]周欣,霍佳震.基于共同代理的多方协调下物流成本节约合同[J].工业工程与管理,2009,14(6)：
[31]Troyer C,R Cooper. Smart Moves in supply chain integration [J].Transportation and Distribution, 1995,36(9):55-65
[32]孙开钊.我国商业物流的发展现状及对策研究[J].中国储运,2009,10：88-90
[33]于僳.关于推行共同配送的几点思考[J].中国物流与采购,2010,3：40-41
[34]贺超,王琪.物流综合服务企业加运输业户[J].物流科技,27(108),21-24
[35]张智勇,何景师,桂寿平,陆丽芳.物流产业集群服务创新研究——基于复杂系统涌现性机理[J].科技进步与对策,2009,26(3)：75-77
[36]刘伟华.物流服务供应链能力合作的协调研究[D].上海交通大学,2007
[37]余泳泽,武鹏.我国物流产业效率及其影响因素的实证研究——基于中国省际数据的随机前沿生产函数分析[J].产业经济研究.2010,1：65-71
[38]刘卫.基于DEA的中国地区物流效率研究[J].中国物流与采购.2010,2：76-77
[39]张红波,罗一新.效率不确定下企业物流管理模式的柔性选择研究[J].中国工程科学.2008,10(9)：88-91
[40]Marshall, A.1920.Principles of Economics [M].London:Macmillan.
[41]Tharakan, Joe; Tropeano, Jean-Philippe.-On the impact of labor market matching on regional disparities[J].Journal of Regional Science.2009,49 (1):57-80
[42]Chung-Yi Tse.Thick market externalities in a spatial model,Regional Science and Urban Economics.2010,40:92-105
[43]Sabrina Di Addario,Job search in thick markets [J].Journal of Urban Economics, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 12 January 2011
[44]Li Gan,Qi Li. Efficiency of thin vs thick markets[J].NBER Working Paper Series#10815
[45]吴育俭.运输市场营销学[M].中国铁道出版社.2000,
[46]蒋坚.我国物流市场的热点趋势[J].中国计算机报一赛迪网.2003.03.31
[47]Wbodurff,R.B. Customer Value:The Next Soucre for Competitive Advantage[J].
[48]Blanchard,O. and Diamond. Ranking,unemployment duration,and wages [J].Review of Economic Studies.1994,61:417-434
[49]Burdett, K., Shi, S. and Wright. Pricing and matching with friction[J]. Journal of Political Economy.2001,109(5):1060-1085
[50]Coles,M.and Smith. Marketplace and matching [J].International Economic Review.1998,39(1): 239-254
[51]潘豪杰.拓展港口企业市场边界与中国枢纽港口的发展[J].物流工程与管理.2010,32(3)：9-12
[52]黄由衡,韩霜.物流客户服务成本与物流服务水平关系探析[J].物流技术.2007,26(2)：22-24
[53]Chiles.Managing the emergence of clustenan increasing re-turns approach to strategic change [J].Emergence.2001 (3):58-89