基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价研究
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摘要
目前,我国供应链管理中较为突出的问题就是缺乏有效的绩效评价体系以及完善的激励与约束机制,以至于难以形成长期稳定的利益共同体。对于供应链来说,看似存在着大量评价指标,但怎样选取关键绩效指标至关重要。如何构建一个有效的供应链绩效评价体系、运用科学的绩效评价方法,关系到能否成功建立并发展供应链合作伙伴关系以及实现企业战略联盟。因此,对于供应链绩效评价体系和方法的研究具有非常重大的理论意义和现实价值,供应链绩效评价研究已经成为21世纪供应链管理的新方向和新重点。
本文运用了一种源于我国的本土理论——物元分析和可拓学对于供应链绩效评价展开了研究探讨,以供应链绩效评价、物元分析和可拓学相关理论知识分析为基础,对基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价指标的选取、指标体系的构建及供应链绩效评价指标体系的物元分析模型进行了深入探讨。
首先,本文在供应链及绩效相关理论的研究基础上,对供应链绩效的涵义进行了界定,并遵循供应链绩效的涵义、基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价指标选取的相关要求及实际调研结果,从供应链的内部绩效(各节点企业)、外部绩效(各节点企业之间)和综合绩效(供应链整体)这三大层面进行指标选取。这三大层面又划分为几个具体因素：内部绩效包括财务与成本方面、产品竞争力方面、服务方面、学习与创新能力方面；外部绩效包括用户满意度方面和伙伴关系方面；供应链综合绩效包括供应链运营能力方面,进而又将这些因素细分为27个能够完全量化的评价指标。
其次,通过对众多文献从不同侧面提出的供应链绩效评价指标体系的分析,结合实际调研结果与相关研究,根据物元分析法对供应链绩效评价指标体系的设计要求,构建了系统的、具有一定通用性的,且能反映供应链内部绩效、外部绩效和综合绩效的较为科学合理的基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价指标体系。
再次,在综合比较国内外各种供应链绩效评价方法优缺点的基础上,本文根据供应链的自身特点和指标体系的构成,创造性地将物元分析法引入供应链绩效评价中,提出了供应链绩效评价指标体系的物元分析模型。在该模型中,本文根据可拓学相关理论,对传统指标权重的确定予以科学、合理地改进,从而增强了权重的客观性,提高了评价结果的真实可靠性。
最后,运用供应链绩效评价指标体系物元分析模型进行了实例研究,根据评价结果,进一步指出各个企业目前所存在的问题并提出针对性的改进措施和意见。除此之外,本文将物元分析法、灰色关联法和模糊层次分析法做了详尽的对比分析,从计算过程、计算结果及信喜含量等方面可以看出,物元分析法不仅以定量化的数值表示评价结果,能够较为完整地反映出供应链的绩效水平,有效弥补了传统评价方法在应用中的不足,而且使得供应链绩效评价的结果更为客观、准确,从而为其研究提供新的理论基础和研究视角。
At present, a crucial problem is the lack of the more prominent and effective performance evaluation system and improves the incentive and restraint mechanisms in Supply Chain Management (SCM), that it is difficult to form the interests of the community for long-term stability. For Supply Chain, there seems to be numbers of evaluation indicators, but how to select the key performance indicators is essential. How to build an efficiency for Supply Chain Performance Evaluation System (SCPES) and use the scientific method of performance evaluation, that is related to the success of establishing and developing Supply Chain Partnership and the achievement of Corporate Strategic Alliances(CSAs). Therefore, the study of SCPES and its method is of great theoretical significance and practical value, that is a new direction of supply chain management as well as the research priorities in the21st century.
In this paper, a theory derived from our local-Matter Element Analysis and Extension, analyzes and investigates the Supply Chain Performance Evaluation System (SCPES), probes deeply into selection of SCPES in view of Matter Element Analysis, structure of indicator system and Extension model of SCPES on the basis of relevant theoretical knowledge of SCPES, Matter Element Analysis and Extension.
First of all, follow the relevant principle of SCPES based on Matter Element Analysis; this paper will make a selection from the three levels, including internal performance and external performance and overall performance on Supply Chain. These three levels are divided into several specific factors:internal, including financial and cost performance, product competitiveness, service, learning and innovation capacity; external performance, including customer satisfaction degree (CSD), and partnerships; integrated supply chain performance, including the ability to operate by Supply Chain, and then in turn subdivided into27evaluation indicators that can be quantified completely.
Secondly, based on an analysis of SCPES introducd by some literatures in many different aspects, combined with practical research and analysis, according to the design specification of SCPES based on Matter Element Analysis, a suit of scientific, systematic general and rational SCPES based on Matter Element Analysis, that internal performance and external performance and overall performance on Supply Chain can be reflected in this paper.
Again, on the basis of comprehensive comparison of these advantages and disadvantages both foreign and domestic methods on SCPES, According to the characteristics of Supply Chain and the structure of indicator system, Matter Element Analysis was introducted in SCPES creatively and the model of Matter Element Analysis of SCPES was suggested in this paper. In this model, based on relative theory of Extension, the determination for Weight Traditional Index are included,and these greatly improved objectivity of weight. which led to an improvement on the authenticity of results.
Finally, using the model of Matter Element Analysis of SCPES to process real data of4related business of case, based on that outcome, it proposed the currently problems of many enterprises, and points out improvement advices. Besides, in this paper, analysis and comparison were carried out to find the differences in Matter Element Analysis, Grey Relational Analysis and Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis, from the computational process and results, Matter Element Analysis, an example was given to show that Matter Element Analysis be able to make up for the insufficiency of traditional evaluation method, and can make the result of assessment more objective and accurate. The numerical value is expressed as evaluation results by Matter Element Analysis,which has completely reflected the performance level of Supply Chain.and has puted forward new thought and method for SCPES.
本文运用了一种源于我国的本土理论——物元分析和可拓学对于供应链绩效评价展开了研究探讨,以供应链绩效评价、物元分析和可拓学相关理论知识分析为基础,对基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价指标的选取、指标体系的构建及供应链绩效评价指标体系的物元分析模型进行了深入探讨。
首先,本文在供应链及绩效相关理论的研究基础上,对供应链绩效的涵义进行了界定,并遵循供应链绩效的涵义、基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价指标选取的相关要求及实际调研结果,从供应链的内部绩效(各节点企业)、外部绩效(各节点企业之间)和综合绩效(供应链整体)这三大层面进行指标选取。这三大层面又划分为几个具体因素：内部绩效包括财务与成本方面、产品竞争力方面、服务方面、学习与创新能力方面；外部绩效包括用户满意度方面和伙伴关系方面；供应链综合绩效包括供应链运营能力方面,进而又将这些因素细分为27个能够完全量化的评价指标。
其次,通过对众多文献从不同侧面提出的供应链绩效评价指标体系的分析,结合实际调研结果与相关研究,根据物元分析法对供应链绩效评价指标体系的设计要求,构建了系统的、具有一定通用性的,且能反映供应链内部绩效、外部绩效和综合绩效的较为科学合理的基于物元分析的供应链绩效评价指标体系。
再次,在综合比较国内外各种供应链绩效评价方法优缺点的基础上,本文根据供应链的自身特点和指标体系的构成,创造性地将物元分析法引入供应链绩效评价中,提出了供应链绩效评价指标体系的物元分析模型。在该模型中,本文根据可拓学相关理论,对传统指标权重的确定予以科学、合理地改进,从而增强了权重的客观性,提高了评价结果的真实可靠性。
最后,运用供应链绩效评价指标体系物元分析模型进行了实例研究,根据评价结果,进一步指出各个企业目前所存在的问题并提出针对性的改进措施和意见。除此之外,本文将物元分析法、灰色关联法和模糊层次分析法做了详尽的对比分析,从计算过程、计算结果及信喜含量等方面可以看出,物元分析法不仅以定量化的数值表示评价结果,能够较为完整地反映出供应链的绩效水平,有效弥补了传统评价方法在应用中的不足,而且使得供应链绩效评价的结果更为客观、准确,从而为其研究提供新的理论基础和研究视角。
At present, a crucial problem is the lack of the more prominent and effective performance evaluation system and improves the incentive and restraint mechanisms in Supply Chain Management (SCM), that it is difficult to form the interests of the community for long-term stability. For Supply Chain, there seems to be numbers of evaluation indicators, but how to select the key performance indicators is essential. How to build an efficiency for Supply Chain Performance Evaluation System (SCPES) and use the scientific method of performance evaluation, that is related to the success of establishing and developing Supply Chain Partnership and the achievement of Corporate Strategic Alliances(CSAs). Therefore, the study of SCPES and its method is of great theoretical significance and practical value, that is a new direction of supply chain management as well as the research priorities in the21st century.
In this paper, a theory derived from our local-Matter Element Analysis and Extension, analyzes and investigates the Supply Chain Performance Evaluation System (SCPES), probes deeply into selection of SCPES in view of Matter Element Analysis, structure of indicator system and Extension model of SCPES on the basis of relevant theoretical knowledge of SCPES, Matter Element Analysis and Extension.
First of all, follow the relevant principle of SCPES based on Matter Element Analysis; this paper will make a selection from the three levels, including internal performance and external performance and overall performance on Supply Chain. These three levels are divided into several specific factors:internal, including financial and cost performance, product competitiveness, service, learning and innovation capacity; external performance, including customer satisfaction degree (CSD), and partnerships; integrated supply chain performance, including the ability to operate by Supply Chain, and then in turn subdivided into27evaluation indicators that can be quantified completely.
Secondly, based on an analysis of SCPES introducd by some literatures in many different aspects, combined with practical research and analysis, according to the design specification of SCPES based on Matter Element Analysis, a suit of scientific, systematic general and rational SCPES based on Matter Element Analysis, that internal performance and external performance and overall performance on Supply Chain can be reflected in this paper.
Again, on the basis of comprehensive comparison of these advantages and disadvantages both foreign and domestic methods on SCPES, According to the characteristics of Supply Chain and the structure of indicator system, Matter Element Analysis was introducted in SCPES creatively and the model of Matter Element Analysis of SCPES was suggested in this paper. In this model, based on relative theory of Extension, the determination for Weight Traditional Index are included,and these greatly improved objectivity of weight. which led to an improvement on the authenticity of results.
Finally, using the model of Matter Element Analysis of SCPES to process real data of4related business of case, based on that outcome, it proposed the currently problems of many enterprises, and points out improvement advices. Besides, in this paper, analysis and comparison were carried out to find the differences in Matter Element Analysis, Grey Relational Analysis and Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis, from the computational process and results, Matter Element Analysis, an example was given to show that Matter Element Analysis be able to make up for the insufficiency of traditional evaluation method, and can make the result of assessment more objective and accurate. The numerical value is expressed as evaluation results by Matter Element Analysis,which has completely reflected the performance level of Supply Chain.and has puted forward new thought and method for SCPES.
引文
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