当代西欧公众政治参与研究
摘要
作为古典与近现代民主的重要发源地和试验厂的欧洲尤其是西欧国家,在人类公众政治参与发展史上一直占有着举足轻重的地位。而在二战后至今近70年的时间里西欧公众政治参与更是发生了诸多深刻变化。本文拟对二战前西欧公众政治参与传统与特点、二战后西欧公众政治参与发展与演变、二战后西欧公众政治参与动因与制约因素分析、对西欧公众政治参与的反思及启示等几项重大问题进行探讨,希望能够对西欧公众政治参与的具体实践有进一步的了解和借鉴,并对推动当代中国公众政治参与的理论与实践进程有所贡献。
As the important cradle and laboratory of classical and modern democracy, Europe especially west European countries have always played a very significant role. Based on its deep history tradition, Europe has created so many civilized contributions now shared by all humankind on public political participation. Moreover, it should note that many changes happened in west Europe on public political participation since World War Two. This dissertation will follow the development process of history, mainly using the methods of historical analysis and empirical analysis ,trying to investigate the traditions and characters of west Europe’s public political participation before 1945,the developments and evolvements of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945,the analysis on motive factors and restrictive factors of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945,reflections on west Europe’s public political participation since 1945 and suggestions on how to make Chinese public political participation better. The research of this dissertation will enable us to get a comprehensive and deep impression on the topic of west Europe’s public political participation. At the same time ,it also will help us to understand the trend of developments and evolvements of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945.Besides, hope it will help to promote the theory and practice process of contemporary Chinese public political participation. This dissertation is divided into six chapters, the frame is following:
The first chapter is introduction ,mainly concern about the reason why select this topic and the meaning of theory and practice of this topic, general comment about the relative American and European literature, the frame of this dissertation and clarification of relative concepts.
The second chapter mainly discuss the traditions and characters of west Europe’s public political participation before 1945,by brief retrospect of the history of west Europe’s public political participation can we get a comprehensive understanding of it and lay a solid foundation for knowing and analyzing the concrete ideas and actions of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945.Then according to the development process of history ,this chapter will discuss the important traditions and characters of west Europe’s public political participation in three parts.
The first part of this chapter is about the traditions and characters of public political participation in early Europe, in this period mainly include discussion about the specific traditions and characters of public political participation in ancient Greek , ancient Rome and Middle Ages. Then the second part is about the discussion of the traditions and characters of public political participation in modern Europe. It mainly includes public political participation in Renaissance and Reformation, France Revolution and Chartism. The last part is about the traditions and characters of public political participation in West Europe before the end of World War Two, mainly concerns about the effect to the public political participation in West Europe when Marxism emerged and reflections of German public political participation before World War Two.
The third chapter mainly discusses the developments and evolvements of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945.According to the macro backgrounds ,the development process of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945 could be divided three periods ,that is 1945-1970,1970-1990s,1990s until now .The particular characters of west Europe’s public political participation during 1945-1970 mainly include the rise of woman power ,more diversified ways of public political participation and public political participation was almost dominated by Parliament Parties. The next period 1970-1990s will discuss the public in West Europe has changed dramatically (demographic structure, social structure and values), public vote decrease and the role of mainstream parties weaken. Then the third period 1990s until now witness new characters and trends of west Europe’s public political participation, that include the emergence of European Parliament which is new channel of political participation , the fast developments of ICT and the shift of public concern ,all these which mentioned above have affected contemporary west Europe’s public political participation deeply.
The fourth chapter mainly discusses the motive factors and restrictive factors of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945. The main motive factors to stimulate public to vote include interest motive and political motive. Whilst the external restrictive factors mainly include institution, parties and media and so on. And the internal restrictive factors include public social characters (gender, age and education etc.), the individual capability to participate and public political interest.
The fifth chapter mainly includes reflections on west Europe’s public political participation since 1945 and suggestions on how to make Chinese public political participation better. The reflections on west Europe’s public political participation mainly include the value and limitations of west Europe’s public political participation. Then come the summary for achievements ,new changes and problems of Chinese public political participation since 1949. The last part of this chapter will give some advices on concrete measures of how to make Chinese public political participation better, mainly include strengthen citizenship education ,improve public ability to participate politics , construct new culture of political participation ,enhance the effectiveness of existing channel for public political participation and so on. The sixth chapter is conclusion.
By retrospect on the history of development process of west Europe’s public political participation and the analysis and research on the developments and evolvements of public political participation in the new age, we not only discover the special needs and basic behavior characters of west Europe’s public during the process of political participation ,but also make further understanding on how big changes of macro background on the west Europe’s population structure ,social structure ,party politics ,new IT technology and media since 1945 will affect individual deeply. This research is meaningful for development of contemporary Chinese public political participation and construction of socialist democracy。Practice shows that ,only facing positively the internal and foreign reformations on politics ,economy ,society and other fields other than ignorance or evasion ,make references for all valuable contributions of west Europe and the whole world on public political participation ,can China make it possible for guarding and realizing individual political rights and accelerating process of socialist democratization.
As the important cradle and laboratory of classical and modern democracy, Europe especially west European countries have always played a very significant role. Based on its deep history tradition, Europe has created so many civilized contributions now shared by all humankind on public political participation. Moreover, it should note that many changes happened in west Europe on public political participation since World War Two. This dissertation will follow the development process of history, mainly using the methods of historical analysis and empirical analysis ,trying to investigate the traditions and characters of west Europe’s public political participation before 1945,the developments and evolvements of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945,the analysis on motive factors and restrictive factors of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945,reflections on west Europe’s public political participation since 1945 and suggestions on how to make Chinese public political participation better. The research of this dissertation will enable us to get a comprehensive and deep impression on the topic of west Europe’s public political participation. At the same time ,it also will help us to understand the trend of developments and evolvements of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945.Besides, hope it will help to promote the theory and practice process of contemporary Chinese public political participation. This dissertation is divided into six chapters, the frame is following:
The first chapter is introduction ,mainly concern about the reason why select this topic and the meaning of theory and practice of this topic, general comment about the relative American and European literature, the frame of this dissertation and clarification of relative concepts.
The second chapter mainly discuss the traditions and characters of west Europe’s public political participation before 1945,by brief retrospect of the history of west Europe’s public political participation can we get a comprehensive understanding of it and lay a solid foundation for knowing and analyzing the concrete ideas and actions of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945.Then according to the development process of history ,this chapter will discuss the important traditions and characters of west Europe’s public political participation in three parts.
The first part of this chapter is about the traditions and characters of public political participation in early Europe, in this period mainly include discussion about the specific traditions and characters of public political participation in ancient Greek , ancient Rome and Middle Ages. Then the second part is about the discussion of the traditions and characters of public political participation in modern Europe. It mainly includes public political participation in Renaissance and Reformation, France Revolution and Chartism. The last part is about the traditions and characters of public political participation in West Europe before the end of World War Two, mainly concerns about the effect to the public political participation in West Europe when Marxism emerged and reflections of German public political participation before World War Two.
The third chapter mainly discusses the developments and evolvements of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945.According to the macro backgrounds ,the development process of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945 could be divided three periods ,that is 1945-1970,1970-1990s,1990s until now .The particular characters of west Europe’s public political participation during 1945-1970 mainly include the rise of woman power ,more diversified ways of public political participation and public political participation was almost dominated by Parliament Parties. The next period 1970-1990s will discuss the public in West Europe has changed dramatically (demographic structure, social structure and values), public vote decrease and the role of mainstream parties weaken. Then the third period 1990s until now witness new characters and trends of west Europe’s public political participation, that include the emergence of European Parliament which is new channel of political participation , the fast developments of ICT and the shift of public concern ,all these which mentioned above have affected contemporary west Europe’s public political participation deeply.
The fourth chapter mainly discusses the motive factors and restrictive factors of west Europe’s public political participation since 1945. The main motive factors to stimulate public to vote include interest motive and political motive. Whilst the external restrictive factors mainly include institution, parties and media and so on. And the internal restrictive factors include public social characters (gender, age and education etc.), the individual capability to participate and public political interest.
The fifth chapter mainly includes reflections on west Europe’s public political participation since 1945 and suggestions on how to make Chinese public political participation better. The reflections on west Europe’s public political participation mainly include the value and limitations of west Europe’s public political participation. Then come the summary for achievements ,new changes and problems of Chinese public political participation since 1949. The last part of this chapter will give some advices on concrete measures of how to make Chinese public political participation better, mainly include strengthen citizenship education ,improve public ability to participate politics , construct new culture of political participation ,enhance the effectiveness of existing channel for public political participation and so on. The sixth chapter is conclusion.
By retrospect on the history of development process of west Europe’s public political participation and the analysis and research on the developments and evolvements of public political participation in the new age, we not only discover the special needs and basic behavior characters of west Europe’s public during the process of political participation ,but also make further understanding on how big changes of macro background on the west Europe’s population structure ,social structure ,party politics ,new IT technology and media since 1945 will affect individual deeply. This research is meaningful for development of contemporary Chinese public political participation and construction of socialist democracy。Practice shows that ,only facing positively the internal and foreign reformations on politics ,economy ,society and other fields other than ignorance or evasion ,make references for all valuable contributions of west Europe and the whole world on public political participation ,can China make it possible for guarding and realizing individual political rights and accelerating process of socialist democratization.
引文
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22、Political Participation and the Gender Gap in European Union Member States Journal of Contemporary European Studies Vol. 14, No. 3, 411–427, December 2006 FRANCESCA VASSALLO University of Southern Maine, Portland, USA
23、Gendered (Non)participants? What Constructions of Citizenship Tell Us about Democratic Governance in the Twenty-first Century BY LISA HARRISON AND JAMIE MUNN Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 60 No. 3, 2007, 426–436
24、Rebooting Democracy: Youth Participation in Politics in the UK Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 60 No. 4, 2007, 548–567 Advance Access Publication 24 July 2007 BY JAMES SLOAM
25、Social Capital and Political Participation: Understanding the Dynamics of Young People’s Political Disengagement in Contemporary Britain Social Policy & Society 6:4, 467–479 2007 Matt Henn Mark Weinstein Sarah Hodgkinson
26、Representation and the democratic deficit PIPPA NORRIS European Journal of Political Research 32: 273–282, 1997
27、Representation and voter participation European Journal of Political Research 32:243–272, 1997 JEAN BLONDEL, RICHARD SINNOTT & PALLE SVENSSON
28、The Paradox of Political Representation The Journal of Political Philosophy: Volume 15, Number 1, 2007, pp. 93–114 David Runciman
29、Voting and Protesting: Explaining Citizen Participation in Old and New European Democracies PATRICK BERNHAGEN and MICHAEL MARSH Democratization, Vol.14, No.1, February 2007, pp.44–72
30、STATE AUTONOMY AND POPULAR PARTICIPATION France Critical Review A Journal of Politics and Society 01 January 2007 Martin Shefter
31、TECHNOLOGIES OF CIVIL SOCIETY Communication, participation and mobilization Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research Kingsley Dennis
32、Discursive Arenas: Deliberation and the Constitution of Identity in Public Participation at a Local Level MARIAN BARNES, JANET NEWMAN & HELEN SULLIVAN Social Movement Studies,Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest Vol. 5, No. 3, 193–207, December 2006
33、Citizenship education revisited: policy, participation and problems Michael Watts Von Hügel Institute, St Edmund’s College, University of Cambridge, UK Pedagogy, Culture & Society Vol. 14, No. 1, March 2006, pp. 83–97
34、Rough days in democracies: Comparing protests in democracies European Journal of Political Research 46: 97–120, 2007 TAEHYUN NAM Salisbury University, USA
35、New Forms of Political Participation: Searching for Expert Citizens and Everyday Makers YAOJUN LI AND DAVID MARSH B.J.Pol.S. 38, 247–272
36、“Letting George Do It”: Does Olson Explain Low Levels of Participation? Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties Vol. 16, No. 2, 115–139, July 2006GRANT JORDAN & WILLIAM MALON
37、Altruism and Turnout James H. Fowler University of California, San Diego Published in Journal of Politics 68 (3): 674-683 August 2006
38、Voting maybe habit forming :Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2003, Pp. 540–550 Alan S. Gerber Donald P.Green Ron Shachar
39、Voter Strategies with Restricted Choice Menus B.J.Pol.S. 36, 459–485 2006 KENNETH BENOIT, DANIELA GIANNETTI MICHAEL LAVER
40、Partisan Cross-Pressure and Voter Turnout: The Influence of Micro and Macro Environments Paul Belanger Munroe Eagles SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY, Volume 88, Number 3, September 2007
41、Representation and voter participation European Journal of Political Research 32: 243–272, 1997.JEAN BLONDEL, RICHARD SINNOTT & PALLE SVENSSON
42、The Introduction of Voter Registration and Its Effect on Turnout Political Analysis (2006) 14:83–100Stephen Ansolabehere David M. Konisky
43、REGISTRANTS, VOTERS, AND TURNOUT VARIABILITY ACROSS NEIGHBORHOODS James G. Gimpel, Joshua J. Dyck, and Daron R. Shaw Political Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 4, December 2004
44、Reasoning About Institutional Change: Winners, Losers and Support for Electoral Reforms SHAUN BOWLER TODD DONOVAN B.J.Pol.S. 37, 455–476 2007
45、FAMILIES, DIVORCE AND VOTER TURNOUT IN THE US Julianna Sandell and Eric Plutzer Political Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 2, June 2005
46、Cultural Value Orientations and Christian Religiosity: On Moral Traditionalism, Authoritarianism, and their Implications for Voting Behavior Willem De Koster and Jeroen Van Der Waal International Political Science Review 2007
47、Political Attitudes in the Classroom: Is Academia the Last Bastion of Liberalism? Journal of Political Science Education, 3:1–20, 2007 DAVID LA FALCE SIMONPETER GOMEZ
48、GOING POSTAL: How All-Mail Elections Influence Turnout Political Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 3, 2000 Jeffrey A. Karpand Susan A. Banducci
49、Does Voting by Mail Increase Participation? Using Matching to Analyze a Natural Experiment Thad Kousser Department of Political Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive,La Jolla, CA 92093-0521 Political Analysis (2007) 15:428–445
50、Does Political Advertising Persuade? Michael M. Franz Travis N. Ridout Polit Behav (2007) 29:465–491
51、Do Televised Presidential Ads Increase Voter Turnout? Evidence from a NaturalExperiment The Journal of Politics, Vol. 70, No. 1, January 2008, Pp. 245–261 Jonathan S. Krasno
52、Media Use and Political Predispositions: Revisiting the Concept of Selective Exposure Polit Behav 2007
53、Understanding the Effect of Political Advertising on Voter Turnout: A Response to Krasno and Green Michael M. Franz Paul Freedman Ken Goldstein Travis N. Ridout The Journal of Politics, Vol. 70, No. 1, January 2008, Pp. 262–268
54、The proximity and the directional theories of issue voting: Comparative results for the USA and Germany
55、Enduring Effects of the Uniform: Previous Military Experience and Voting Turnout Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 601 JEREMY M. TEIGEN, RAMAPO COLLEGE
56、The Dynamics of Voter Decision Making Among Minor-Party Supporters: The 2000 Presidential Election in the United States B.J.Pol.S. 37, 225–244 2007 Cambridge University Press D. SUNSHINE HILLYGUS
57、The Varieties of Civic Experience Citizenship Studies,Vol. 10, No. 5, 591–606, November 2006 MICHAEL SCHUDSON Department of Communication, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
58、Patience as a Political Virtue: Delayed Gratification and Turnout Polit Behav (2006) 28:113–128)James H. Fowler Cindy D. Kam
59、Representation or abdication? How citizens use institutions to help delegation succeed European Journal of Political Research 37: 291–307, 2000ARTHUR LUPIA & MATHEW D. McCUBBINS University of California, San Diego, USA
60、Issue Attitudes and Survey Continuity across Interview Mode in the 2000 NES Brian J. Fogarty Department of Political Science,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill, NC Political Analysis (2005) 13:95–108
61、Researching Electoral Politics PHILIP E. CONVERSE University of Michigan American Political Science Review Vol. 100, No. 4 November 2006
62、A Boon or a Bane? The Role of Civil Society in Third- and Fourth-Wave Democracies Rollin F. Tusalem International Political Science Review 2007; 28; 36
63、Winners, Losers, and Election Context: Voter Responses to the 2000 Presidential Election Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 59, No. 4 (December 2006): pp. 579-592STEPHEN C. CRAIG MICHAEL D. MARTINEZ JASON GAINOUS JAMES G. KAN
64、Revisiting the Influence of Campaign Tone on Turnout in Senate Elections Political Analysis (2006) 14:206–218 Advance Access publication October 5, 2005 Robert A. Jackson Jason C. Sides
65、Voter’s Rewards American Journal of Political Science Vol.47No.1,January2003, Pp110-127
66、Social Pressure and Voter Turnout: Evidence from a Large-Scale Field Experiment American Political Science Review Vol. 102, No. 1 February 2008 ALAN S. GERBER Yale University DONALD P. GREEN Yale University CHRISTOPHERW. LARIMER University of Northern Iowa
67、Just How Pluralist Is Direct Democracy? The Structure of Interest Group Participation in Ballot Proposition Election Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 59, No. 4 (December 2006): pp. 557-568 SHAUN BOWLER AND ROBERT HANNEMAN, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE
68、The Effect of Information on Voter Turnout: Evidence from a Natural Experiment David Dreyer Lassen University of CopenhagenAmerican Journal of Political Science Vol. 49, No. 1, 103–118, January 2005
69、The Effect of Survey Mode and Sampling on Inferences about Political Attitudes and Behavior: Comparing the 2000 and 2004 ANES to Internet Surveys with Nonprobability Samples Neil Malhotra Department of Political Science, Stanford University Political Analysis (2007) 15:286–323
70、Does National Context Influence Democratic Satisfaction? A Multi-Level Analysis Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 569 JASON M. WELLS AND JONATHAN KRIECKHAUS, UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
71、MODELING POLITICAL EFFICACY AND INTEREST GROUP MEMBERSHIP Political Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2000 Scott H. Ainsworth
72、Electoral participation in the Netherlands:Individual and contextual influences European Journal of Political Research 34: 281–300, 1998.
73、Class voting in Western industrialized countries, 1945–1990: Systematizing and testing explanations PAUL NIEUWBEERTA & WOUT ULTEE Utrecht University, The Netherlands; University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands European Journal of Political Research 35: 123–160, 1999
74、The literature on European parties and party systems since 1945:A quantitative analysis DANIELE CARAMANI & SIMON HUG European Journal of Political Research 33: 497–524, 1998.
75、Political representation in the European Parliament MICHAEL MARSH1 & PIPPA NORRIS21Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; 2Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAEuropean Journal of Political Research 32: 153–164, 1997.
76、Europe’s Democratic Deficits through the Looking Glass: The European Union as a Challenge for Democracy Perspectives on Politics September 2007 | Vol. 5/No. 3 567 Michael Goodhart
77、Organized Civil Society and Democratic Legitimacy in the European Union B.J.Pol.S. 37 333-357 2007 JUSTIN GREENWOOD
78、Turnout in electoral democracies European Journal of Political Research 33: 239–261, 1998.ANDR′E BLAIS & AGNIESZKA DOBRZYNSKA
79、Political Knowledge and Electoral Participation in the Netherlands: Comparisons with the Canadian Case PAUL HOWE International Political Science Review (2006), Vol 27, No. 2, 137–166
80、The German Bundestag Election 2005 Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 59 No. 4, 2006, 668–681BY GEOFFREY K. ROBERTS
81、Proximate Factors in the Mobilization of Anti-EU Groups in France and the UK: The European Union as First-Order Politics European Integration Vol. 29, No. 1, 3–21, March 2007 SIMON USHERWOOD
82、Sampling People or People in Places? The BES as an Election Study POLITICAL STUDIES: 2007 VOL 55, 86–112 Ron Johnston, Richard Harris and Kelvyn Jones
83、The PM and the Pendulum: Dynamic Forecasting of British Elections) MATTHEW J. LEBO AND HELMUT NORPOTH B.J.Pol.S. 37, 71–87
84、Election Cycles and the Economic Voter Sean Carey and Matthew J. Lebo Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 543 SEAN CAREY, UNIVERSITY OFSHEFFIELD MATTHEW J. LEBO, STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY
85、Between first and second order: A comparison of voting behaviour in European and local elections in Britain ANTHONY HEATH1, IAIN McLEAN, BRIDGET TAYLOR JOHN CURTICE European Journal of Political Research 35: 389–414, 1999.、Polit Behav (2007)
86、Explaining Turnout Decline in Britain, 1964–2005:Party Identification and the Political Context Oliver Heath
87、Devolved Governance and the Substantive Representation of Women: The Second Term of the National Assembly for Wales, 2003–2007 Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 61 No. 2, 2008, 272–290 BY PAUL CHANEY
88、Ticket-splitting and strategic voting under mixed electoral rules: Evidence from Germany European Journal of Political Research 46: 1–23, 2007 THOMAS GSCHWEND
89、Spatial Approval Voting Political Analysis (2006) 14:160–185 Jean-Fran?ois Laslier
90、Party, Ideology, and Vote Intentions: Dynamics from the 2002 French Electoral Panelèric Bèlanger, Michael S. Lewis-Beck, Jean Chiche and Vincent Tiberj Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 503
91、Voter turnout at the British General Election of 1992: Rational choice, social standing or political efficacy? European Journal of Political Research 33: 263–283, 1998. CHARLES PATTIE & RON JOHNSTON
92、Presidentialism Enthroned: The French Presidential and Parliamentary Elections of April–May and June 2007 Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 61 No. 1, 2008, 185–205BY DAVID SCOTT BELL AND BYRON CRIDDLE
93、PRACTITIONERS Observing the English and Scottish 2007 e-elections Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 61 No. 2, 2008, 380–395 BY JASON KITCAT AND IAN BROWN
94、The Prime Minister and the News Media: Political Communication as a Leadership Resource Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 59 No. 4, 2006, 582–598 BY RICHARD HEFFERNAN
95、Political Interest, Cognitive Ability and Personality: Determinants of Voter Turnoutin Britain B.J.Pol.S. 38, 291–310 2008 KEVIN DENNY AND ORLA DOYLE
96、Anchoring political preferences: The structural bases of stable electoral decisions and political attitudes in Britain European Journal of Political Research 33: 285–321, 1998.ALAN S. ZUCKERMAN, LAURENCE A. KOTLER-BERKOWITZ LUCAS A. SWAINE
97、Turnout, Participation and Legitimacy in Post-Devolution Wales B.J.Pol..S. 34, 519–537 2004 ROGER SCULLY, RICHARD WYN JONES AND DAFYDD TRYSTAN
1、Voter Turnout in western Europe since 1945 IDEA Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2004 Sweden ISBN 91-85391-00-X
2、Can Where People Vote Influence How They Vote? The Influence of Polling Location Type on Voting Behavior Jonah Berger Marc Meredith S. Christian Wheeler
3、European Elections after Eastern Enlargement Preliminary Results from the European Election Study 2004 )Michael Marsh, Slava Mikhaylov and Hermann Schmitt
4、Interest Group Participation in Rule Making: A Decade of Change Scott R. Furlong University of Wisconsin–Green BayCornelius M. Kerwin american University
5、Citizen Participation and Democracy: Assessing Local Political Engagement Strategies in Northern Ireland Devashree Gupta PhD Candidate, Government Department Cornell University
6、Participatory Democracy in the European Union? European Governance and the Inclusion of Civil Society Organisations in Migration and Environmental Policies Dawid Friedrich Graduate School of Social Sciences (GSSS) University of Bremen
7、Partisan Cross-Pressure and Voter Turnout: The Influence of Micro and Macro Environments Paul Be′langer, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Munroe Eagles, University at Buffalo—The SUNY
8、Keeping Up with the Joneses: The Interplay of Personal and Collective Evaluations in Voter Turnout Mitchell Killian Ryan Schoen Aaron Dusso Polit Behav
9、Indecision Theory: Quality of Information and Voting Behavior Paolo Ghirardato Jonathan N. Katz
10、Social Preferences and Political ParticipationChristopher T. Dawes and James H. Fowler February 14, 2007
11、The Grey Vote: Determinants of Older Voters’Party Choice in Britain and West Germany Achim Goerres
12、SETTING THE RULES OF THE GAME:THE CHOICE OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS INADVANCED DEMOCRACIES Carles Boix
13、THE CURRENCY OF DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION Hanoch Dagan
14、The Limits and Merits of Participation Paulo Vieira da Cunha and Maria Valeria Junho Pena
15、The Myth of the Rational Voter Why Democracies Choose Bad Policies by Bryan Caplan Princeton University Press, 2007 .Executive Summary No. 594 May 29, 200
16、The Rationalizing Voter: Unconscious Thought in Political Information ProcessingMilton Lodge Charles S. Taber
17、Electoral Participation and Communicative Voting in Europe Francesco Sobbrioy and Pietro Navarraz
18、Are Voters Better Informed When They Have a Larger Say in Politics? Evidence for the European Union and Switzerland Matthias Benz and Alois Stutzer University of Zurich November 2002, revised version
19、Political Participation, Demographic Changes and the Relative Impact of Active Individuals in Europe.Exploring the Differences in Political Participation between Age Groups Achim Goerres Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1084978
20、What if everyone voted? Simulating the Impact of Increased turnout in Senate Elections?
21、Election 2005: turnout How many, who and why? The Electoral Commission October 2005 ISBN: 1-904363-72-5
22、Equal access:A review of access to electoral procedures in the UK Consultation paper February 2003 The Electoral Commission
23、Closing the Activism Gap: Gender and Political Participation in Britain Electoral Commission Pippa Norris, Joni Lovenduski, and Rosie Campbell
24、How old is old enough? The minimum age of voting and candidacy in UK elections Consultation paper July 2003
25、National Assembly for Wales Election 2003:Opinion research Prepared by: NOP Social & Political Ludgate House Institute for Welsh Politics University of Wales, Aberystwyth Richard Glendinning, NOP Roger Scully, IWP
26、An audit of political engagement 4 Research report, March 2007 Electoral Commission
27、Elections and Electorate Engagement Report of the London Assembly’s Elections Investigative Committee May 2002
28、CHALLENGER ENTRY AND VOTER LEARNING Sanford C. GordonNew York University Gregory A. Huber Yale University Dimitri Landa New York University
29、THE DONOR CLASS: CAMPAIGN FINANCE,DEMOCRACY, AND PARTICIPATION SPENCER OVERTON http://ssrn.com/abstract=569021
30、Direct Democracy for Transition Countries Bruno S. Frey July 2003 Working Paper No. 165University of Zurich
31、Disentangling the Effects of Political Fragmentation on Voter Turnout: the Flemish Municipal Elections, Discussion Paper SP II 2006– 07, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin, 2006. Benny Geys and Bruno Heyndels
32、Does Low Registration Increase Class Bias in Voting? Evidence from the Fifty States Dan Devroye Harvard University April 2001
33、Does Political Knowledge Increase Turnout? Evidence from the 1997 British General Election Valentino Larcinese Department of Government and STICERD London School of Economics and Political Science
34、Are Voters Better Informed When They Have a Larger Say in Politics? Evidence for the European Union and Switzerland Accepted for publication in Public Choice on December 17, 2002、By Matthias Benz and Alois Stutzer University of Zurich November 2002, revised version
35、Language and Participation Cristina M. Rodriguez August 2005 http://ssrn.com/abstract=786624
36、Social Preferences and Political Participation http://ssrn.com/abstract=1008205 Christopher T. Dawes and James H. Fowler February 14, 2007
37、The Grey Vote: Determinants of Older Voters’Party Choice in Britain and West Germany Achim Goerres、http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=301260
38、THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION DENNIS C. MUELLER THOMAS STRATMANN CESifo Working Paper No. 656 (2) January 2002
39、The Rationalizing Voter: Unconscious Thought in Political Information Processing Milton Lodge Charles S. Taber Department of Political Science Laboratory for Political Behavior Research Stony Brook University、http://ssrn.com/abstract=977000
40、The Subtle Psychology of Voter Turnout Daniel G. Goldstein, Kosuke Imai,Anja S. G¨oritz London Business School, UK Princeton University, USA University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany March 26, 2007
41、Polls Apart for disabled people Developing inclusive e-democracy An evaluation of the accessibility of the May 2003 electoral pilot voting schemes Liz Daone Gwilym Morris Ruth Scott Campaigns Department, Scope, May 2002 Published by Scope, 6 Market Road, London, N7 9PW
42、Electronic Democracy and Educating Young People www.teledemocracy.org Ann Macintosh and Angus Whyte International Teledemocracy Centre
43、Consuetude in Voter Turnout Donald P. Green Yale University Roni Shachar Tel Aviv University May 7, 1999
44、Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2004 )U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
45、Logged off? How ICT can connect young people and politics Lydia Howland Matthew Bethell www.demos.co.uk
46、Preaching to the Converted? Pluralism,Participation, and Party Websites Pippa Norris October 2001 http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=297160
47、The Effects of Choice Context on Decision-Making:An Application to Voter Fatigue Scott Nicholson Department of Economics, Stanford University November 19, 2007
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4、Electronic Democracy and Citizen Participation : The Challenge of the Digital Divide Tara Lynne Fikes [D] University of South California ,May 2005
5、ENVIROMENTAL POLICY AND CITIZEN PARTICIPATION : A CASE STUDY ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF LOCAL ADVISORY COMMITTEES ON HUMAN ACTIVITY IN THE COSTAL ZONE AREAS OF LOUISIANA AND TEXAS ,Linda Joan Clarke [D] Ph.D University of New Orleans ,December 2000
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1、Political Efficacy and Participation in Twenty-Seven Democracies: How Electoral Systems Shape Political Behaviour JEFFREY A. KARP SUSAN A. BANDUCCI B.J.Pol.S. 38, 311–334 2008
2、The Importance of Political Context for Understanding Civic Engagement: A Longitudinal Analysis Alina Oxendine John L. Sullivan Eugene Borgida Eric Riedel Melinda Jackson Jessica Dial Polit Behav (2007) 29:31–67
3、Political Disagreement in Context: The Conditional Effect of Neighborhood Context, Disagreement and Political Talk on Electoral Participation Scott D. McClurg Polit Behav (2006) 28:349–366
4、THE MISSING LINK: Exploring the Relationship Between Higher Education andMarch 2005
5、ACTS OF FAITH: Churches and Political Engagement David E. Campbell Political Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 2, June 2004
6、American Patriotism, National Identity,and Political Involvement Leonie Huddy Stony Brook University Nadia Khatib University of Arizona American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 51, No. 1, January 2007, Pp. 63–77
7、ANALYZING THE REPRESENTATIVENESS OF INTERNET POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Samuel J. Best and Brian S. Krueger Political Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 2, June 2005
8、The policy science of democracy: The issues of methodology and citizen participation Policy Sciences 33: 207–223, 2000 UDAYAWAGLE Public Policy Department, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100Morrissey Blvd, Boston,MA 02125, U.S.A
9、The Modes of Participation Revisited, 1980-2004 Political Research Quarterly 2006;
59; 593 William Claggett and Philip H. Pollock, III
10、An Explanation of Anomalous Behavior in Models of Political Participation JACOB K. GOEREE California Institute of Technology CHARLES A. HOLT University of Virginia American Political Science Review Vol. 99, No. 2 May 2005
11、Inequality and Social Norms: Explaining Variations in Participation BJPIR: 2007 VOL 9, 20–35Institutions, Michael Liste
12、CONFLICT AVOIDANCE AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Stacy G. Ulbig and Carolyn L. Funk Political Behavior, Vol. 21, No. 3, 1999
13、Does Workplace Experience Enhance Political Participation? A Critical Test of a Venerable Hypothesis Per Adman Polit BehavDOI 10.1007/s11109-007-9040-y
14、RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY, COMMUNITY MOBILITY, AND ELECTORAL PARTICIPATION Benjamin Highton Political Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2000
15、THE POLITICS OF PARTICIPATION: Mobilization and Turnout over Time Kenneth M. Goldstein and Travis N. Ridout Political Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 1, March 2002
16、THE EFFECTS OF CAMPAIGN PARTICIPATION ON POLITICALATTITUDES John F. Freie Political Behavior, Vol. 19, No. 2, 1997
17、Economic Inequality and Democratic Political Engagement Frederick Solt Southern Illinois University American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 52, No. 1, January 2008, Pp. 48–60
18、Self-Interest, Social Security, and the Distinctive Participation Patterns of Senior Citizens American Political Science Review Vol. 96, No. 3 September 2002 ANDREA LOUISE CAMPBELL Harvard University
19、BEYOND THE SELF:SOCIAL IDENTITY, ALTRUISM, AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Journal of Politics 69 (3): 811-825 (August 2007)James H. Fowler University of California, San Diego Cindy D. Kam University of California, Davis
20、The Genetic Basis of Political Participation James H. Fowler1, Laura A. Baker2, and Christopher T. Dawes1。
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22、Political Participation and the Gender Gap in European Union Member States Journal of Contemporary European Studies Vol. 14, No. 3, 411–427, December 2006 FRANCESCA VASSALLO University of Southern Maine, Portland, USA
23、Gendered (Non)participants? What Constructions of Citizenship Tell Us about Democratic Governance in the Twenty-first Century BY LISA HARRISON AND JAMIE MUNN Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 60 No. 3, 2007, 426–436
24、Rebooting Democracy: Youth Participation in Politics in the UK Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 60 No. 4, 2007, 548–567 Advance Access Publication 24 July 2007 BY JAMES SLOAM
25、Social Capital and Political Participation: Understanding the Dynamics of Young People’s Political Disengagement in Contemporary Britain Social Policy & Society 6:4, 467–479 2007 Matt Henn Mark Weinstein Sarah Hodgkinson
26、Representation and the democratic deficit PIPPA NORRIS European Journal of Political Research 32: 273–282, 1997
27、Representation and voter participation European Journal of Political Research 32:243–272, 1997 JEAN BLONDEL, RICHARD SINNOTT & PALLE SVENSSON
28、The Paradox of Political Representation The Journal of Political Philosophy: Volume 15, Number 1, 2007, pp. 93–114 David Runciman
29、Voting and Protesting: Explaining Citizen Participation in Old and New European Democracies PATRICK BERNHAGEN and MICHAEL MARSH Democratization, Vol.14, No.1, February 2007, pp.44–72
30、STATE AUTONOMY AND POPULAR PARTICIPATION France Critical Review A Journal of Politics and Society 01 January 2007 Martin Shefter
31、TECHNOLOGIES OF CIVIL SOCIETY Communication, participation and mobilization Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research Kingsley Dennis
32、Discursive Arenas: Deliberation and the Constitution of Identity in Public Participation at a Local Level MARIAN BARNES, JANET NEWMAN & HELEN SULLIVAN Social Movement Studies,Journal of Social, Cultural and Political Protest Vol. 5, No. 3, 193–207, December 2006
33、Citizenship education revisited: policy, participation and problems Michael Watts Von Hügel Institute, St Edmund’s College, University of Cambridge, UK Pedagogy, Culture & Society Vol. 14, No. 1, March 2006, pp. 83–97
34、Rough days in democracies: Comparing protests in democracies European Journal of Political Research 46: 97–120, 2007 TAEHYUN NAM Salisbury University, USA
35、New Forms of Political Participation: Searching for Expert Citizens and Everyday Makers YAOJUN LI AND DAVID MARSH B.J.Pol.S. 38, 247–272
36、“Letting George Do It”: Does Olson Explain Low Levels of Participation? Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties Vol. 16, No. 2, 115–139, July 2006GRANT JORDAN & WILLIAM MALON
37、Altruism and Turnout James H. Fowler University of California, San Diego Published in Journal of Politics 68 (3): 674-683 August 2006
38、Voting maybe habit forming :Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 47, No. 3, July 2003, Pp. 540–550 Alan S. Gerber Donald P.Green Ron Shachar
39、Voter Strategies with Restricted Choice Menus B.J.Pol.S. 36, 459–485 2006 KENNETH BENOIT, DANIELA GIANNETTI MICHAEL LAVER
40、Partisan Cross-Pressure and Voter Turnout: The Influence of Micro and Macro Environments Paul Belanger Munroe Eagles SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY, Volume 88, Number 3, September 2007
41、Representation and voter participation European Journal of Political Research 32: 243–272, 1997.JEAN BLONDEL, RICHARD SINNOTT & PALLE SVENSSON
42、The Introduction of Voter Registration and Its Effect on Turnout Political Analysis (2006) 14:83–100Stephen Ansolabehere David M. Konisky
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44、Reasoning About Institutional Change: Winners, Losers and Support for Electoral Reforms SHAUN BOWLER TODD DONOVAN B.J.Pol.S. 37, 455–476 2007
45、FAMILIES, DIVORCE AND VOTER TURNOUT IN THE US Julianna Sandell and Eric Plutzer Political Behavior, Vol. 27, No. 2, June 2005
46、Cultural Value Orientations and Christian Religiosity: On Moral Traditionalism, Authoritarianism, and their Implications for Voting Behavior Willem De Koster and Jeroen Van Der Waal International Political Science Review 2007
47、Political Attitudes in the Classroom: Is Academia the Last Bastion of Liberalism? Journal of Political Science Education, 3:1–20, 2007 DAVID LA FALCE SIMONPETER GOMEZ
48、GOING POSTAL: How All-Mail Elections Influence Turnout Political Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 3, 2000 Jeffrey A. Karpand Susan A. Banducci
49、Does Voting by Mail Increase Participation? Using Matching to Analyze a Natural Experiment Thad Kousser Department of Political Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive,La Jolla, CA 92093-0521 Political Analysis (2007) 15:428–445
50、Does Political Advertising Persuade? Michael M. Franz Travis N. Ridout Polit Behav (2007) 29:465–491
51、Do Televised Presidential Ads Increase Voter Turnout? Evidence from a NaturalExperiment The Journal of Politics, Vol. 70, No. 1, January 2008, Pp. 245–261 Jonathan S. Krasno
52、Media Use and Political Predispositions: Revisiting the Concept of Selective Exposure Polit Behav 2007
53、Understanding the Effect of Political Advertising on Voter Turnout: A Response to Krasno and Green Michael M. Franz Paul Freedman Ken Goldstein Travis N. Ridout The Journal of Politics, Vol. 70, No. 1, January 2008, Pp. 262–268
54、The proximity and the directional theories of issue voting: Comparative results for the USA and Germany
55、Enduring Effects of the Uniform: Previous Military Experience and Voting Turnout Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 601 JEREMY M. TEIGEN, RAMAPO COLLEGE
56、The Dynamics of Voter Decision Making Among Minor-Party Supporters: The 2000 Presidential Election in the United States B.J.Pol.S. 37, 225–244 2007 Cambridge University Press D. SUNSHINE HILLYGUS
57、The Varieties of Civic Experience Citizenship Studies,Vol. 10, No. 5, 591–606, November 2006 MICHAEL SCHUDSON Department of Communication, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
58、Patience as a Political Virtue: Delayed Gratification and Turnout Polit Behav (2006) 28:113–128)James H. Fowler Cindy D. Kam
59、Representation or abdication? How citizens use institutions to help delegation succeed European Journal of Political Research 37: 291–307, 2000ARTHUR LUPIA & MATHEW D. McCUBBINS University of California, San Diego, USA
60、Issue Attitudes and Survey Continuity across Interview Mode in the 2000 NES Brian J. Fogarty Department of Political Science,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill, NC Political Analysis (2005) 13:95–108
61、Researching Electoral Politics PHILIP E. CONVERSE University of Michigan American Political Science Review Vol. 100, No. 4 November 2006
62、A Boon or a Bane? The Role of Civil Society in Third- and Fourth-Wave Democracies Rollin F. Tusalem International Political Science Review 2007; 28; 36
63、Winners, Losers, and Election Context: Voter Responses to the 2000 Presidential Election Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 59, No. 4 (December 2006): pp. 579-592STEPHEN C. CRAIG MICHAEL D. MARTINEZ JASON GAINOUS JAMES G. KAN
64、Revisiting the Influence of Campaign Tone on Turnout in Senate Elections Political Analysis (2006) 14:206–218 Advance Access publication October 5, 2005 Robert A. Jackson Jason C. Sides
65、Voter’s Rewards American Journal of Political Science Vol.47No.1,January2003, Pp110-127
66、Social Pressure and Voter Turnout: Evidence from a Large-Scale Field Experiment American Political Science Review Vol. 102, No. 1 February 2008 ALAN S. GERBER Yale University DONALD P. GREEN Yale University CHRISTOPHERW. LARIMER University of Northern Iowa
67、Just How Pluralist Is Direct Democracy? The Structure of Interest Group Participation in Ballot Proposition Election Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 59, No. 4 (December 2006): pp. 557-568 SHAUN BOWLER AND ROBERT HANNEMAN, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE
68、The Effect of Information on Voter Turnout: Evidence from a Natural Experiment David Dreyer Lassen University of CopenhagenAmerican Journal of Political Science Vol. 49, No. 1, 103–118, January 2005
69、The Effect of Survey Mode and Sampling on Inferences about Political Attitudes and Behavior: Comparing the 2000 and 2004 ANES to Internet Surveys with Nonprobability Samples Neil Malhotra Department of Political Science, Stanford University Political Analysis (2007) 15:286–323
70、Does National Context Influence Democratic Satisfaction? A Multi-Level Analysis Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 569 JASON M. WELLS AND JONATHAN KRIECKHAUS, UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
71、MODELING POLITICAL EFFICACY AND INTEREST GROUP MEMBERSHIP Political Behavior, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2000 Scott H. Ainsworth
72、Electoral participation in the Netherlands:Individual and contextual influences European Journal of Political Research 34: 281–300, 1998.
73、Class voting in Western industrialized countries, 1945–1990: Systematizing and testing explanations PAUL NIEUWBEERTA & WOUT ULTEE Utrecht University, The Netherlands; University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands European Journal of Political Research 35: 123–160, 1999
74、The literature on European parties and party systems since 1945:A quantitative analysis DANIELE CARAMANI & SIMON HUG European Journal of Political Research 33: 497–524, 1998.
75、Political representation in the European Parliament MICHAEL MARSH1 & PIPPA NORRIS21Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; 2Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAEuropean Journal of Political Research 32: 153–164, 1997.
76、Europe’s Democratic Deficits through the Looking Glass: The European Union as a Challenge for Democracy Perspectives on Politics September 2007 | Vol. 5/No. 3 567 Michael Goodhart
77、Organized Civil Society and Democratic Legitimacy in the European Union B.J.Pol.S. 37 333-357 2007 JUSTIN GREENWOOD
78、Turnout in electoral democracies European Journal of Political Research 33: 239–261, 1998.ANDR′E BLAIS & AGNIESZKA DOBRZYNSKA
79、Political Knowledge and Electoral Participation in the Netherlands: Comparisons with the Canadian Case PAUL HOWE International Political Science Review (2006), Vol 27, No. 2, 137–166
80、The German Bundestag Election 2005 Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 59 No. 4, 2006, 668–681BY GEOFFREY K. ROBERTS
81、Proximate Factors in the Mobilization of Anti-EU Groups in France and the UK: The European Union as First-Order Politics European Integration Vol. 29, No. 1, 3–21, March 2007 SIMON USHERWOOD
82、Sampling People or People in Places? The BES as an Election Study POLITICAL STUDIES: 2007 VOL 55, 86–112 Ron Johnston, Richard Harris and Kelvyn Jones
83、The PM and the Pendulum: Dynamic Forecasting of British Elections) MATTHEW J. LEBO AND HELMUT NORPOTH B.J.Pol.S. 37, 71–87
84、Election Cycles and the Economic Voter Sean Carey and Matthew J. Lebo Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 543 SEAN CAREY, UNIVERSITY OFSHEFFIELD MATTHEW J. LEBO, STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY
85、Between first and second order: A comparison of voting behaviour in European and local elections in Britain ANTHONY HEATH1, IAIN McLEAN, BRIDGET TAYLOR JOHN CURTICE European Journal of Political Research 35: 389–414, 1999.、Polit Behav (2007)
86、Explaining Turnout Decline in Britain, 1964–2005:Party Identification and the Political Context Oliver Heath
87、Devolved Governance and the Substantive Representation of Women: The Second Term of the National Assembly for Wales, 2003–2007 Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 61 No. 2, 2008, 272–290 BY PAUL CHANEY
88、Ticket-splitting and strategic voting under mixed electoral rules: Evidence from Germany European Journal of Political Research 46: 1–23, 2007 THOMAS GSCHWEND
89、Spatial Approval Voting Political Analysis (2006) 14:160–185 Jean-Fran?ois Laslier
90、Party, Ideology, and Vote Intentions: Dynamics from the 2002 French Electoral Panelèric Bèlanger, Michael S. Lewis-Beck, Jean Chiche and Vincent Tiberj Political Research Quarterly 2006; 59; 503
91、Voter turnout at the British General Election of 1992: Rational choice, social standing or political efficacy? European Journal of Political Research 33: 263–283, 1998. CHARLES PATTIE & RON JOHNSTON
92、Presidentialism Enthroned: The French Presidential and Parliamentary Elections of April–May and June 2007 Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 61 No. 1, 2008, 185–205BY DAVID SCOTT BELL AND BYRON CRIDDLE
93、PRACTITIONERS Observing the English and Scottish 2007 e-elections Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 61 No. 2, 2008, 380–395 BY JASON KITCAT AND IAN BROWN
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95、Political Interest, Cognitive Ability and Personality: Determinants of Voter Turnoutin Britain B.J.Pol.S. 38, 291–310 2008 KEVIN DENNY AND ORLA DOYLE
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1、Voter Turnout in western Europe since 1945 IDEA Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2004 Sweden ISBN 91-85391-00-X
2、Can Where People Vote Influence How They Vote? The Influence of Polling Location Type on Voting Behavior Jonah Berger Marc Meredith S. Christian Wheeler
3、European Elections after Eastern Enlargement Preliminary Results from the European Election Study 2004 )Michael Marsh, Slava Mikhaylov and Hermann Schmitt
4、Interest Group Participation in Rule Making: A Decade of Change Scott R. Furlong University of Wisconsin–Green BayCornelius M. Kerwin american University
5、Citizen Participation and Democracy: Assessing Local Political Engagement Strategies in Northern Ireland Devashree Gupta PhD Candidate, Government Department Cornell University
6、Participatory Democracy in the European Union? European Governance and the Inclusion of Civil Society Organisations in Migration and Environmental Policies Dawid Friedrich Graduate School of Social Sciences (GSSS) University of Bremen
7、Partisan Cross-Pressure and Voter Turnout: The Influence of Micro and Macro Environments Paul Be′langer, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Munroe Eagles, University at Buffalo—The SUNY
8、Keeping Up with the Joneses: The Interplay of Personal and Collective Evaluations in Voter Turnout Mitchell Killian Ryan Schoen Aaron Dusso Polit Behav
9、Indecision Theory: Quality of Information and Voting Behavior Paolo Ghirardato Jonathan N. Katz
10、Social Preferences and Political ParticipationChristopher T. Dawes and James H. Fowler February 14, 2007
11、The Grey Vote: Determinants of Older Voters’Party Choice in Britain and West Germany Achim Goerres
12、SETTING THE RULES OF THE GAME:THE CHOICE OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS INADVANCED DEMOCRACIES Carles Boix
13、THE CURRENCY OF DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION Hanoch Dagan
14、The Limits and Merits of Participation Paulo Vieira da Cunha and Maria Valeria Junho Pena
15、The Myth of the Rational Voter Why Democracies Choose Bad Policies by Bryan Caplan Princeton University Press, 2007 .Executive Summary No. 594 May 29, 200
16、The Rationalizing Voter: Unconscious Thought in Political Information ProcessingMilton Lodge Charles S. Taber
17、Electoral Participation and Communicative Voting in Europe Francesco Sobbrioy and Pietro Navarraz
18、Are Voters Better Informed When They Have a Larger Say in Politics? Evidence for the European Union and Switzerland Matthias Benz and Alois Stutzer University of Zurich November 2002, revised version
19、Political Participation, Demographic Changes and the Relative Impact of Active Individuals in Europe.Exploring the Differences in Political Participation between Age Groups Achim Goerres Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1084978
20、What if everyone voted? Simulating the Impact of Increased turnout in Senate Elections?
21、Election 2005: turnout How many, who and why? The Electoral Commission October 2005 ISBN: 1-904363-72-5
22、Equal access:A review of access to electoral procedures in the UK Consultation paper February 2003 The Electoral Commission
23、Closing the Activism Gap: Gender and Political Participation in Britain Electoral Commission Pippa Norris, Joni Lovenduski, and Rosie Campbell
24、How old is old enough? The minimum age of voting and candidacy in UK elections Consultation paper July 2003
25、National Assembly for Wales Election 2003:Opinion research Prepared by: NOP Social & Political Ludgate House Institute for Welsh Politics University of Wales, Aberystwyth Richard Glendinning, NOP Roger Scully, IWP
26、An audit of political engagement 4 Research report, March 2007 Electoral Commission
27、Elections and Electorate Engagement Report of the London Assembly’s Elections Investigative Committee May 2002
28、CHALLENGER ENTRY AND VOTER LEARNING Sanford C. GordonNew York University Gregory A. Huber Yale University Dimitri Landa New York University
29、THE DONOR CLASS: CAMPAIGN FINANCE,DEMOCRACY, AND PARTICIPATION SPENCER OVERTON http://ssrn.com/abstract=569021
30、Direct Democracy for Transition Countries Bruno S. Frey July 2003 Working Paper No. 165University of Zurich
31、Disentangling the Effects of Political Fragmentation on Voter Turnout: the Flemish Municipal Elections, Discussion Paper SP II 2006– 07, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin, 2006. Benny Geys and Bruno Heyndels
32、Does Low Registration Increase Class Bias in Voting? Evidence from the Fifty States Dan Devroye Harvard University April 2001
33、Does Political Knowledge Increase Turnout? Evidence from the 1997 British General Election Valentino Larcinese Department of Government and STICERD London School of Economics and Political Science
34、Are Voters Better Informed When They Have a Larger Say in Politics? Evidence for the European Union and Switzerland Accepted for publication in Public Choice on December 17, 2002、By Matthias Benz and Alois Stutzer University of Zurich November 2002, revised version
35、Language and Participation Cristina M. Rodriguez August 2005 http://ssrn.com/abstract=786624
36、Social Preferences and Political Participation http://ssrn.com/abstract=1008205 Christopher T. Dawes and James H. Fowler February 14, 2007
37、The Grey Vote: Determinants of Older Voters’Party Choice in Britain and West Germany Achim Goerres、http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=301260
38、THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION DENNIS C. MUELLER THOMAS STRATMANN CESifo Working Paper No. 656 (2) January 2002
39、The Rationalizing Voter: Unconscious Thought in Political Information Processing Milton Lodge Charles S. Taber Department of Political Science Laboratory for Political Behavior Research Stony Brook University、http://ssrn.com/abstract=977000
40、The Subtle Psychology of Voter Turnout Daniel G. Goldstein, Kosuke Imai,Anja S. G¨oritz London Business School, UK Princeton University, USA University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany March 26, 2007
41、Polls Apart for disabled people Developing inclusive e-democracy An evaluation of the accessibility of the May 2003 electoral pilot voting schemes Liz Daone Gwilym Morris Ruth Scott Campaigns Department, Scope, May 2002 Published by Scope, 6 Market Road, London, N7 9PW
42、Electronic Democracy and Educating Young People www.teledemocracy.org Ann Macintosh and Angus Whyte International Teledemocracy Centre
43、Consuetude in Voter Turnout Donald P. Green Yale University Roni Shachar Tel Aviv University May 7, 1999
44、Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2004 )U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
45、Logged off? How ICT can connect young people and politics Lydia Howland Matthew Bethell www.demos.co.uk
46、Preaching to the Converted? Pluralism,Participation, and Party Websites Pippa Norris October 2001 http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=297160
47、The Effects of Choice Context on Decision-Making:An Application to Voter Fatigue Scott Nicholson Department of Economics, Stanford University November 19, 2007
1、Mobilizing citizens: A study of citizen’s groups and participation By Heyrman ,John Peter , [D] Ph.D .University of Minnesota 1991
2、CIVIC SKILLS AND CIVIC EDUCATION: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT Melissa Kovacs Comber, [D] Doctor of Philosophy, University of Maryland 2005
3、Political Participation in the Multicultural City : A Case Study of Chinese Canadians and Chinese Americans in Toronto and Los Angels SHANTI IRENE FERNANDO [D] Ph.D . Queen’s University January 2003
4、Electronic Democracy and Citizen Participation : The Challenge of the Digital Divide Tara Lynne Fikes [D] University of South California ,May 2005
5、ENVIROMENTAL POLICY AND CITIZEN PARTICIPATION : A CASE STUDY ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF LOCAL ADVISORY COMMITTEES ON HUMAN ACTIVITY IN THE COSTAL ZONE AREAS OF LOUISIANA AND TEXAS ,Linda Joan Clarke [D] Ph.D University of New Orleans ,December 2000
6、THE INTERNET AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Ramona S. McNeal , [D] Ph.D Kent State University 2005
7、POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND TRANSFORMATION IN URBAN CHINA,1993 AND 2002 DIQING LOU,[D] Ph.D,Texas A&M University 2008
8、VALUES,MEDIA USES ,AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION: A COMPARISON BETWEEN CHINA AND UNITED STATES AMY HSU-CHUNG CHU , [D] Ph.D ,University of Alabama ,2005
9、张家智.新时期农村妇女政治参与研究[D]北京:首都师范大学,2008.
10、张亚勇.党的领导与公民有序政治参与研究[D]北京:中共中央党校
11、谭德宇当代中国民主发展中的公民政治参与问题研究[D]武汉华中师范大学
12、梁军峰中国参与式民主发展研究[D]北京:中共中央党校
13、赵刚印现代化进程中公民政治参与的比较研究[D]上海:华东师范大学
14、万晓宏当代美国华人政治参与研究(1965至2004年)[D]暨南大学
15、杜峰当代中国公民政治参与制度化研究[D]南京:南京师范大学
16、张喜红当代中国社会团体政治参与问题研究[D]长春:吉林大学