区域网络化制造资源优化配置系统研究
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摘要
随着信息技术、网络技术的快速发展,制造业的制造模式也发生了巨大的变化。在网络化制造这种新的制造模式下,企业对制造资源的视野已经不能只局限于企业内部,而应该以产品的TQC指标最大为目标,充分利用区域内所有的制造资源组织生产。本文主要研究了区域网络化制造模式下区域内制造资源的共享与优化配置。主要对以下几个方面进行了研究:
首先,提出了制造单元的概念,将区域内的制造资源抽象为制造单元的集合,降低了制造资源的复杂性,便于制造资源的优选和配置。采用面向对象UML技术建立了制造单元的信息模型。
其次,在制造单元信息模型的基础上,使用XML语言对制造单元信息模型进行了描述,为制造单元的优选配置以及应用系统的开发提供了信息交换的方法。
然后,根据区域网络化制造资源优化配置的需求,提出了一个基于制造单元的制造资源优选配置模型,并建立了优选的数学模型。针对制造单元优选配置模型设计了一种遗传算法进行求解,并通过应用实例验证了模型的正确性和有效性。
最后,介绍了区域网络化制造资源优化配置系统的开发,设计了系统体系结构和功能,并介绍了系统基于XML Web Services的集成和运行情况。
With the rapid development of the information technology and the network technology, the pattern of manufacture has been changing greatly. Now, under the pattern of networked manufacturing, the enterprise should change it's way of using the manufacturing resources, extend the view from the enterprise to the whole region, to maximize the target of TQC. This paper discusses optimization and configuration of regional manufacturing resources under the networked manufacturing. The main contents and contributions are as follows:First, the concept of manufacturing cell is presented, and the regional manufacturing resources are abstracted as aggregate of manufacturing cell. It reduces the complexity of manufacturing resources, and it is easy to make the optimization and configuration of manufacturing resources.Then, on the basis of modeling the manufacturing cell with the O-O method, the information model of the manufacturing cell is described with XML language. It provides a method of information exchange to the optimization and configuration of manufacturing cell together with the development of application system.Thirdly, a mathematical model is present to meet the demand of the optimization and configuration of manufacturing cell. Then, we work for the solution of the model by means of designing a genetic algorithm, and prove it by a case study.At the last, the structure and function of the system are designed. And the system integration and running situation of the system are presented. The optimization and configuration of regional manufacturing resources is developed.
首先,提出了制造单元的概念,将区域内的制造资源抽象为制造单元的集合,降低了制造资源的复杂性,便于制造资源的优选和配置。采用面向对象UML技术建立了制造单元的信息模型。
其次,在制造单元信息模型的基础上,使用XML语言对制造单元信息模型进行了描述,为制造单元的优选配置以及应用系统的开发提供了信息交换的方法。
然后,根据区域网络化制造资源优化配置的需求,提出了一个基于制造单元的制造资源优选配置模型,并建立了优选的数学模型。针对制造单元优选配置模型设计了一种遗传算法进行求解,并通过应用实例验证了模型的正确性和有效性。
最后,介绍了区域网络化制造资源优化配置系统的开发,设计了系统体系结构和功能,并介绍了系统基于XML Web Services的集成和运行情况。
With the rapid development of the information technology and the network technology, the pattern of manufacture has been changing greatly. Now, under the pattern of networked manufacturing, the enterprise should change it's way of using the manufacturing resources, extend the view from the enterprise to the whole region, to maximize the target of TQC. This paper discusses optimization and configuration of regional manufacturing resources under the networked manufacturing. The main contents and contributions are as follows:First, the concept of manufacturing cell is presented, and the regional manufacturing resources are abstracted as aggregate of manufacturing cell. It reduces the complexity of manufacturing resources, and it is easy to make the optimization and configuration of manufacturing resources.Then, on the basis of modeling the manufacturing cell with the O-O method, the information model of the manufacturing cell is described with XML language. It provides a method of information exchange to the optimization and configuration of manufacturing cell together with the development of application system.Thirdly, a mathematical model is present to meet the demand of the optimization and configuration of manufacturing cell. Then, we work for the solution of the model by means of designing a genetic algorithm, and prove it by a case study.At the last, the structure and function of the system are designed. And the system integration and running situation of the system are presented. The optimization and configuration of regional manufacturing resources is developed.
引文
[1] 国家发展改革委工业司.我国产业集群现状及发展建议[J].中国经贸导刊,2004(22):18-20.
[2] 张为付.世界制造中心形成及变迁机理研究[J].世界经济与政治,2004(12):67-73
[3] 顾新建,祁国宁,韩永生.中国制造业网络化的几种发展途径及比较[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2003,9(7):583-588.
[4] 王仲奇,李西宁,姜澄宇.面向关中高新技术产业带的网络化制造[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2003,9(8):710-715
[5] 赵沂蒙,孙林岩.王瑛 信息化与西部制造企业集群战略[J].中国机械工程,2002,13(4):321-325.
[6] 杨叔子,吴波.先进制造技术及其发展趋势[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(10):73-78.
[7] 宋天虎.先进制造技术的发展与未来[J].中国机械工程,1998,4(4):2-6.
[8] 张伯鹏,汪劲松等.先进制造技术基础研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国机械工程,1997,8(2):60-63.
[9] 姚福生.先进制造技术发展趋势[J].机械制造与自动化,2004年,33(3):1-6.
[10] 范玉顺,刘飞,祁国宁.网络化制造系统及其应用实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[11] 王萃寒,冯径.网络化制造的技术体系研究[J].中国制造业信息化2004,33(5):35-40.
[12] Cloutier L. Fravret J M. D Amours S. A commitment-oriented framework for networked manufacturing coordination [J]. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2001, 14(6):522-534.
[13] 盛步云.企业集成化动态制造资源建模[J].武汉汽车工业大学报 22(2):19-21.
[14] 宋玉银,褚秀萍.蔡复之.基于STEP的制造资源能力建模及其应用研究[J].计算机集成制造系统 CIMS,1998,5(4(?)):46-50.
[15] 邵新宇,邓建春.李培根.基于特征的夹具元件与元件装配关系建模[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2000,(11):10-13.
[16] 倪中华,易红,程洁,面向快速重组制造系统的CAPP制造资源模型研究[J].机械制造,2000,38(431):23-25
[17] Gao J, X Huang. Product and manufacturing capability modeling in integrated CAD/process planning environment [J]. Int. J. Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 1996.(11) 43-51.
[18] 董朝阳,孙树栋.彭文利,姚倡锋.基于多Agent的网络化制造资源优化配置DSS[J].计算机工程与应用.2003(28):60-63.
[19] 范玉顺.复杂系统的面向对象建模、分析与设计[J].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[20] 刁成嘉.面向对象技术导论-系统分析与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[21] 约翰斯,UML面向对象设计基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[22] 蒋蕙,吴礼发,陈卫卫.UML Programming Guide设计核心技术[M].北京:希望电子出版社,2001.
[23] Tim Bray et al. Extensible Markup Language(XML) 1.0 [EB/OL]W3C.http://www.w3c.org/TR/REC-xml.feb,1998.
[24] Steven Holzner. XML完全探索[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2001.
[25] David Carlson [M] XML应用的UML建模技术,北京:清华大学出版社 2003.
[26] Will Provost. UML For W3C XML Schema Design[EB/OL].http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/08/07/wxs_uml.html,aug,2002.
[27] Ayesha Malik. Design XML schemas using UML[EB/OL].http://www-900.cn.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/xml/x-umlschem/index_eng.shtml.feb,2003.
[28] 黄发国,应时,丰波.段靖荒.用UML为XML建模.[J]计算机应用.2001,(6):24-28.
[29] 王宛山,巩亚东,郁培丽.网络化制造[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2003.
[30] Natanya Pitts. XML技术内幕[M].北京:机械工业出版社 2002.
[31] Simon St. Laurent. XML基础与应用(第三版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社.2002.
[32] 姚倡锋,张定华,彭文利,胡创国 基于网络的可重构制造资源优化配置平台研究[J].机械科学与技术,2004,23(4):496-500.
[33] 马雪芬,戴旭东,孙树栋 面向网络化制造的制造资源优化配置研究[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2004,10(5):523-527.
[34] 周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社.1999.
[35] 王小平,曹立明.遗传算法—理论、应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[36] 沟口理一郎,石田(?)亨.人工智能[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[37] G. C. Onwubolu. M. Muting. A genetic algorithm for cellular manufacturing system. [J] Computers & Industrial Engineering.39 (2001):125～144.
[38] Kefeng Wang, Thomas Liihl. Mario Stobbe. Sebastian Engell. A genetic algorithm for online-scheduling of a multiproduct polymer batch plant. [J].Computers and Chemical Engineering. 24 (2000):393-400.
[39] E. S. Karneshki. M. P. Saka Optimum design of nonlinear steel frames with semi-rigid connections using a genetic algorithm [J].Computers and Structures 79(2001): 1593-1604.
[40] 孔峰,罗文广,卢琪,陈勇.一种可用于实时控制的改进型遗传算法[J].计算机工程与应用 2004.22:64-66.
[41] Ximing Cai. Daene C. McKinney, Leon S. Lasdon. Solving nonlinear water management models using a combined genetic algorithm and linear programming approach. Advances in Water Resources 24(2001):667-676
[42] 常青,王立 基于遗传算法的图像阈值选取[J] 计算机工程与应用,2002,38(22),35-37
[43] 孙明艳,王金凤 基于改进遗传算法的配电网优化规划[J].电力自动化设备,2002,22(5),64-66.
[44] J.A. Roubos. G. van Straten, A.J.B. van Boxtel An evolutionary strategy for fed-batch bioreactor optimization; concepts and peformance [J]. Journal of Biotechnology,67(1999):173-187
[45] 王仲奇,李西宁,姜澄宇 面向关中高新技术产业带的网络化制造[J] 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS第9卷第8期 2003年8月 710-715
[46] Naveen Erasala, David C.Yen. T.M. Rajkomar. Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world. Computer Standards & Interfaces 2003,69-82
[47] Roger Wolter.Web Services Basics[EB/OL].http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/dnwebsrv/html/webservbasics.asp?frame=true.
[48] 周航滨,夏安邦,张长吴 基于Web服务的跨企业信息集成框架[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS.2003.9(1):554-559.
[49] Felipe Cabrera. George Copeland. et al. Web 服务协调(WS-Coordination)[EB/OL] http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-coor_spec/index.shtml.Aug,2002.
[50] Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland. et al.Wed 服务事务(WS-Transaction):[EB/OL]http:/www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-transpec/.Aug, 2002.
[51] Felipe Cabrera. George Copeland. et al. Web 服务的业务流程执行语言(BPEL4WS)[EB/OL]http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-bpel_spec/index.shtml.Aug, 2002.
[53] Jeffrey Richter. Mierosoft.Net Framework 程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[2] 张为付.世界制造中心形成及变迁机理研究[J].世界经济与政治,2004(12):67-73
[3] 顾新建,祁国宁,韩永生.中国制造业网络化的几种发展途径及比较[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2003,9(7):583-588.
[4] 王仲奇,李西宁,姜澄宇.面向关中高新技术产业带的网络化制造[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2003,9(8):710-715
[5] 赵沂蒙,孙林岩.王瑛 信息化与西部制造企业集群战略[J].中国机械工程,2002,13(4):321-325.
[6] 杨叔子,吴波.先进制造技术及其发展趋势[J].机械工程学报,2003,39(10):73-78.
[7] 宋天虎.先进制造技术的发展与未来[J].中国机械工程,1998,4(4):2-6.
[8] 张伯鹏,汪劲松等.先进制造技术基础研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国机械工程,1997,8(2):60-63.
[9] 姚福生.先进制造技术发展趋势[J].机械制造与自动化,2004年,33(3):1-6.
[10] 范玉顺,刘飞,祁国宁.网络化制造系统及其应用实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[11] 王萃寒,冯径.网络化制造的技术体系研究[J].中国制造业信息化2004,33(5):35-40.
[12] Cloutier L. Fravret J M. D Amours S. A commitment-oriented framework for networked manufacturing coordination [J]. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2001, 14(6):522-534.
[13] 盛步云.企业集成化动态制造资源建模[J].武汉汽车工业大学报 22(2):19-21.
[14] 宋玉银,褚秀萍.蔡复之.基于STEP的制造资源能力建模及其应用研究[J].计算机集成制造系统 CIMS,1998,5(4(?)):46-50.
[15] 邵新宇,邓建春.李培根.基于特征的夹具元件与元件装配关系建模[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2000,(11):10-13.
[16] 倪中华,易红,程洁,面向快速重组制造系统的CAPP制造资源模型研究[J].机械制造,2000,38(431):23-25
[17] Gao J, X Huang. Product and manufacturing capability modeling in integrated CAD/process planning environment [J]. Int. J. Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 1996.(11) 43-51.
[18] 董朝阳,孙树栋.彭文利,姚倡锋.基于多Agent的网络化制造资源优化配置DSS[J].计算机工程与应用.2003(28):60-63.
[19] 范玉顺.复杂系统的面向对象建模、分析与设计[J].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[20] 刁成嘉.面向对象技术导论-系统分析与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[21] 约翰斯,UML面向对象设计基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[22] 蒋蕙,吴礼发,陈卫卫.UML Programming Guide设计核心技术[M].北京:希望电子出版社,2001.
[23] Tim Bray et al. Extensible Markup Language(XML) 1.0 [EB/OL]W3C.http://www.w3c.org/TR/REC-xml.feb,1998.
[24] Steven Holzner. XML完全探索[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2001.
[25] David Carlson [M] XML应用的UML建模技术,北京:清华大学出版社 2003.
[26] Will Provost. UML For W3C XML Schema Design[EB/OL].http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/08/07/wxs_uml.html,aug,2002.
[27] Ayesha Malik. Design XML schemas using UML[EB/OL].http://www-900.cn.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/xml/x-umlschem/index_eng.shtml.feb,2003.
[28] 黄发国,应时,丰波.段靖荒.用UML为XML建模.[J]计算机应用.2001,(6):24-28.
[29] 王宛山,巩亚东,郁培丽.网络化制造[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,2003.
[30] Natanya Pitts. XML技术内幕[M].北京:机械工业出版社 2002.
[31] Simon St. Laurent. XML基础与应用(第三版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社.2002.
[32] 姚倡锋,张定华,彭文利,胡创国 基于网络的可重构制造资源优化配置平台研究[J].机械科学与技术,2004,23(4):496-500.
[33] 马雪芬,戴旭东,孙树栋 面向网络化制造的制造资源优化配置研究[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2004,10(5):523-527.
[34] 周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社.1999.
[35] 王小平,曹立明.遗传算法—理论、应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[36] 沟口理一郎,石田(?)亨.人工智能[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[37] G. C. Onwubolu. M. Muting. A genetic algorithm for cellular manufacturing system. [J] Computers & Industrial Engineering.39 (2001):125～144.
[38] Kefeng Wang, Thomas Liihl. Mario Stobbe. Sebastian Engell. A genetic algorithm for online-scheduling of a multiproduct polymer batch plant. [J].Computers and Chemical Engineering. 24 (2000):393-400.
[39] E. S. Karneshki. M. P. Saka Optimum design of nonlinear steel frames with semi-rigid connections using a genetic algorithm [J].Computers and Structures 79(2001): 1593-1604.
[40] 孔峰,罗文广,卢琪,陈勇.一种可用于实时控制的改进型遗传算法[J].计算机工程与应用 2004.22:64-66.
[41] Ximing Cai. Daene C. McKinney, Leon S. Lasdon. Solving nonlinear water management models using a combined genetic algorithm and linear programming approach. Advances in Water Resources 24(2001):667-676
[42] 常青,王立 基于遗传算法的图像阈值选取[J] 计算机工程与应用,2002,38(22),35-37
[43] 孙明艳,王金凤 基于改进遗传算法的配电网优化规划[J].电力自动化设备,2002,22(5),64-66.
[44] J.A. Roubos. G. van Straten, A.J.B. van Boxtel An evolutionary strategy for fed-batch bioreactor optimization; concepts and peformance [J]. Journal of Biotechnology,67(1999):173-187
[45] 王仲奇,李西宁,姜澄宇 面向关中高新技术产业带的网络化制造[J] 计算机集成制造系统-CIMS第9卷第8期 2003年8月 710-715
[46] Naveen Erasala, David C.Yen. T.M. Rajkomar. Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world. Computer Standards & Interfaces 2003,69-82
[47] Roger Wolter.Web Services Basics[EB/OL].http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/dnwebsrv/html/webservbasics.asp?frame=true.
[48] 周航滨,夏安邦,张长吴 基于Web服务的跨企业信息集成框架[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS.2003.9(1):554-559.
[49] Felipe Cabrera. George Copeland. et al. Web 服务协调(WS-Coordination)[EB/OL] http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-coor_spec/index.shtml.Aug,2002.
[50] Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland. et al.Wed 服务事务(WS-Transaction):[EB/OL]http:/www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-transpec/.Aug, 2002.
[51] Felipe Cabrera. George Copeland. et al. Web 服务的业务流程执行语言(BPEL4WS)[EB/OL]http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-bpel_spec/index.shtml.Aug, 2002.
[53] Jeffrey Richter. Mierosoft.Net Framework 程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.