配电网中PMU的应用前景及优化配置的研究
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摘要
同步相量测量单元(PMU)在配电网状态估计、故障定位、线路参数测量、电能质量监测以及分析整个配电网谐波分布等方面有着重要的应用价值。因此,本文将配电网中PMU的优化配置作为研究重点,首先介绍了配电网中PMU优化配置的各种方法,并比较其优缺点。然后针对配电网的特点建立PMU最优配置数学模型,并用0-1整数规划法使用LINGO软件包求解,该方法在保证全网可观测的情况下,使配置的PMU数量尽可能少,并使系统的测量冗余度尽可能大,可以达到预期目标。其次对基于PMU的配电网谐波状态估计问题的求解方法进行了初步研究,对正定(或超定)量测方程和欠定量测方程分别采用乔累斯基分解法和正交变换算法进行求解,并用MATLAB仿真进行了验证。
Phasor measurement unit in the distribution state estimation, fault location, the circuit parameters, power quality monitoring and anlysis distribution of the whole networks harmonic are an important aspects of application value. Therefore, the optimized allocation of distribution PMU is a research focus.First introduced PMU configuration optimization methods, and compares their advantages and disadvantages.Then establiah mathematical model of the PMU optimized allocation according to distribution characteristics. With the 0-1 integer programming combining LINGO software solution.This method considering the entire system observable and make the number of the PMU as less as possible, can achieve the desired target.And to the no configuration with harmonic state estimation, Second harmonic state estimation method to estimate the unknown nodesis in this paper,This paper puts forward some positive (or to) and underdetermined equation respective adopted Cholesky decomposition method and orthogonal transformation.With MATLAB simulation verified.
Phasor measurement unit in the distribution state estimation, fault location, the circuit parameters, power quality monitoring and anlysis distribution of the whole networks harmonic are an important aspects of application value. Therefore, the optimized allocation of distribution PMU is a research focus.First introduced PMU configuration optimization methods, and compares their advantages and disadvantages.Then establiah mathematical model of the PMU optimized allocation according to distribution characteristics. With the 0-1 integer programming combining LINGO software solution.This method considering the entire system observable and make the number of the PMU as less as possible, can achieve the desired target.And to the no configuration with harmonic state estimation, Second harmonic state estimation method to estimate the unknown nodesis in this paper,This paper puts forward some positive (or to) and underdetermined equation respective adopted Cholesky decomposition method and orthogonal transformation.With MATLAB simulation verified.
引文
[1]秦晓辉.基于WAMS的电力系统状态估计及轨迹稳定信息提取研究:[博士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学电力系,2008
[2]张玲.电力系统PMU优化配置研究:[硕士论文].兰州:兰州理工大学,2008
[3]李澍森,杨迎建,吴夕科,等.配电技术概况及发展趋势.高电压技术,2008,34(1): 1～10
[4]李大虎.基于广域测量的电力系统在线安全分析若干关键问题的研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学电力系,2006
[5]Zivanovic R,Cairns C.Implementation of PMU technology in state estimation:an overview[C].Conference of 4th IEEE AFRICON, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 1996, 2: 1006～1011.
[6]Phadke A G,Thorp J S,Karimi K J.State estimation with phasor measurements.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1986,1(1):233～238
[7] Phadke AG.Synehronized Phasor measurements in power Systems. IEEE Computer Applications in Power,1993,6(2):10～15
[8]王克英,穆钢,陈学允.计及PMU的状态估计精度分析及配置研究.中国电机工学报,2001,21(8):29～33
[9]卢志刚,许世范,史增洪,等.部分电压和电流相量可测量时电压相量的状态估计.电力系统自动化,2000,24(1):42～44
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[12]于尔铿,刘广一,周京阳,等.能量管理系统.北京:科学出版社,1998,274～282
[13]程涛,黄彦全,申铁.遗传算法在PMU优化配置中的应用.电力系统及其自动化学报,2009,21(1): 1～4
[14]李强,周京阳,于尔铿,等.基于混合量测的电力系统状态估计混合算法.电力系统自动化,2005,29(19):31～35
[15]JiangJA,YangJZ,LinYH,etal.Anadaptive PMU based fault detection / location technique for transmission linesⅠ:Theory and algorithms.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(2):486～493
[16]Jiang J A,Lin Y H,Yang J Z,et al.An adaptive PMU based fault detection /location technique for transmission lineⅡ:PMU implementation and performance evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2000,15(4):1136～1146
[17]Yu C S,Liu C W,Yu S L,etal.A new PMU-based fault location algorithm for series compensated lines.IEEE Transaetions on Power Delivery.2002,17(1):33～46
[18]王彬彬.基于同步相量测量装置的广域电网实时监控系统研究:[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2005
[19]彭疆南,孙元章,王海风.考虑系统完全可观测性的PMU最优配置方法.电力系统自动化,2003,27(4): 10～16
[20]KrumPholz G R,Clements K A,Davis P W.Power System observability: Praetical Algorithm Using Network Topology.IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.1980,PAS一99(4):1534～1542
[21]杨明海,王成山.电力系统PMU优化配置方法综述.电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(2):1～7
[22]蔡田田,艾芊.电力系统中PMU最优配置的研究.电网技术,2006,30(13): 1～6
[23]李强,于尔铿,吕世超,等.一种改进的相量测量装置最优配置方法.电网技术,2005,29(12):57～61
[24] Federico Milano.Documentation for PSAT version 1.3.1,2004
[25]周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用,北京:人民邮电出版社,2001
[26]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法一理论、应用与软件实现,西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002
[27] Zivanovie R,Cairns C.Implementation of PMU technology in state estimation∥4th IEEE A FR ICON Conference,Stellenbo sch,South Africa,1996,2:1006～1011
[28] Mao Anjia,Yu jiaxi,Guo Zhizhong.PMU placement and data processing in WAMS that complements SCADA.IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. California,U SA,2005,1:690～693
[29]毛安家,郭志忠.与SCADA互补的WAMS中PMU的配置及数据处理方法.电网技术,2005,29(8):71～74
[30]郑相华,米增强,赵洪山,等.基于PM U的状态估计的研究.继电器,2004,32(17):16～19
[31]Thorp J S, phadke A G,etal.Real time voltage phasor measurements for static state estimation.IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus and System, 1985, 104(11):3098～3106
[32]王克英,穆钢,陈学允.计及PMU的状态估计精度分析及配置研究.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(8):29～33
[33]刘辉乐,刘天琪,彭锦新.基于PMU的分布式电力系统动态状态估计新算法.电力系统自动化,2005,29(4):34～39
[34]张鹏飞,薛禹胜,张启平,等.基于PMU实测摇摆曲线的暂态稳定量化分析.电力系统自动化,2004,28(20):17～20
[35]许剑冰,薛禹胜,张启平,等.基于系统同调性的PMU最优布点.电力系统自动化,2004,28(19):22～26
[36]李大虎,江全元,曹一家.基于发电机组同调分群的相量测量单元优化配置方法.电网技术,2006,30(5):49～55
[37]贺仁睦.电网动态实时监控及管理系统的构想.电力系统自动化,2002,26(5):1～4
[38]Baldwin T L,Mili L,Boisen M B,et al.Power system observability with minimal phasor measurement placement.IEEE Trans on Power Systems,1993,8(5):707～715
[39]王克英,穆钢,陈学允.同步相量测量技术在潮流计算中的应用.电力系统及其自动化学报,2000,12(4):l～3
[40]卫志农,孙国强,常宝立,等.考虑电力系统潮流直接可解的同步相量量测单元最优配置.电网技术,2005,29(l):65～68
[41]卫志农,常宝立,孙国强,等.一种新的考虑电力系统潮流直接可解的PMU最优配置.继电器,2005,33(21): 1～5
[42]常乃超,兰洲,甘德强,倪以信.广域测量系统在电力系统分析及控制中的应用综述.电网技术,2005,29(10): 1～7
[43]李虹,李卫国,彭书涛,胥国毅,马迎新. WAMS中的PMU最优配置新方法.高电压技术.2007
[44]徐志向.基于奇异值分解算法的谐波状态估计及谐波源定位的研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学电力系,2006
[45]唐小波.配电网局部状态估计:[硕士学位论文].福建:东南大学,2005
[46]吴笃贵,徐政.电力系统谐波状态估计技术的发展与展望.电网技术,1998,22(1):1～3
[47]侯世英,王瑶,祝石厚,等.基于相量量测的电力系统谐波状态估计算法的研究.电工电能新技术,2008,27(2):1～5
[48]吴笃贵,徐政.基于相量量测的电力系统谐波状态估计(Ⅰ)-理论、模型与求解算法,2004,19(2):1～6
[49]祝石厚,侯世英,吕厚余.电力系统谐波分析的有效方法-谐波状态估计技术综述.现代电力,2007,24(3):1～5
[50]关红钧,苏艳华.关于n阶矩阵的三角分解.沈阳航空工业学院学报,2001, 18(4):1～3
[51]胡锡龙,强金龙,刘广一,等.电力系统状态估计的快速正交变换算法.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2000,12(1):1～5
[2]张玲.电力系统PMU优化配置研究:[硕士论文].兰州:兰州理工大学,2008
[3]李澍森,杨迎建,吴夕科,等.配电技术概况及发展趋势.高电压技术,2008,34(1): 1～10
[4]李大虎.基于广域测量的电力系统在线安全分析若干关键问题的研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学电力系,2006
[5]Zivanovic R,Cairns C.Implementation of PMU technology in state estimation:an overview[C].Conference of 4th IEEE AFRICON, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 1996, 2: 1006～1011.
[6]Phadke A G,Thorp J S,Karimi K J.State estimation with phasor measurements.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1986,1(1):233～238
[7] Phadke AG.Synehronized Phasor measurements in power Systems. IEEE Computer Applications in Power,1993,6(2):10～15
[8]王克英,穆钢,陈学允.计及PMU的状态估计精度分析及配置研究.中国电机工学报,2001,21(8):29～33
[9]卢志刚,许世范,史增洪,等.部分电压和电流相量可测量时电压相量的状态估计.电力系统自动化,2000,24(1):42～44
[10]于尔铿.电力系统状态估计.北京:水利电力出版社,1985,61～71
[11]罗毅,赵冬梅.电力系统PMU最优配置数字规划算法.电力系统自动化,2006,30 (9):1～5
[12]于尔铿,刘广一,周京阳,等.能量管理系统.北京:科学出版社,1998,274～282
[13]程涛,黄彦全,申铁.遗传算法在PMU优化配置中的应用.电力系统及其自动化学报,2009,21(1): 1～4
[14]李强,周京阳,于尔铿,等.基于混合量测的电力系统状态估计混合算法.电力系统自动化,2005,29(19):31～35
[15]JiangJA,YangJZ,LinYH,etal.Anadaptive PMU based fault detection / location technique for transmission linesⅠ:Theory and algorithms.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(2):486～493
[16]Jiang J A,Lin Y H,Yang J Z,et al.An adaptive PMU based fault detection /location technique for transmission lineⅡ:PMU implementation and performance evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2000,15(4):1136～1146
[17]Yu C S,Liu C W,Yu S L,etal.A new PMU-based fault location algorithm for series compensated lines.IEEE Transaetions on Power Delivery.2002,17(1):33～46
[18]王彬彬.基于同步相量测量装置的广域电网实时监控系统研究:[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2005
[19]彭疆南,孙元章,王海风.考虑系统完全可观测性的PMU最优配置方法.电力系统自动化,2003,27(4): 10～16
[20]KrumPholz G R,Clements K A,Davis P W.Power System observability: Praetical Algorithm Using Network Topology.IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.1980,PAS一99(4):1534～1542
[21]杨明海,王成山.电力系统PMU优化配置方法综述.电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(2):1～7
[22]蔡田田,艾芊.电力系统中PMU最优配置的研究.电网技术,2006,30(13): 1～6
[23]李强,于尔铿,吕世超,等.一种改进的相量测量装置最优配置方法.电网技术,2005,29(12):57～61
[24] Federico Milano.Documentation for PSAT version 1.3.1,2004
[25]周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用,北京:人民邮电出版社,2001
[26]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法一理论、应用与软件实现,西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002
[27] Zivanovie R,Cairns C.Implementation of PMU technology in state estimation∥4th IEEE A FR ICON Conference,Stellenbo sch,South Africa,1996,2:1006～1011
[28] Mao Anjia,Yu jiaxi,Guo Zhizhong.PMU placement and data processing in WAMS that complements SCADA.IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. California,U SA,2005,1:690～693
[29]毛安家,郭志忠.与SCADA互补的WAMS中PMU的配置及数据处理方法.电网技术,2005,29(8):71～74
[30]郑相华,米增强,赵洪山,等.基于PM U的状态估计的研究.继电器,2004,32(17):16～19
[31]Thorp J S, phadke A G,etal.Real time voltage phasor measurements for static state estimation.IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus and System, 1985, 104(11):3098～3106
[32]王克英,穆钢,陈学允.计及PMU的状态估计精度分析及配置研究.中国电机工程学报,2001,21(8):29～33
[33]刘辉乐,刘天琪,彭锦新.基于PMU的分布式电力系统动态状态估计新算法.电力系统自动化,2005,29(4):34～39
[34]张鹏飞,薛禹胜,张启平,等.基于PMU实测摇摆曲线的暂态稳定量化分析.电力系统自动化,2004,28(20):17～20
[35]许剑冰,薛禹胜,张启平,等.基于系统同调性的PMU最优布点.电力系统自动化,2004,28(19):22～26
[36]李大虎,江全元,曹一家.基于发电机组同调分群的相量测量单元优化配置方法.电网技术,2006,30(5):49～55
[37]贺仁睦.电网动态实时监控及管理系统的构想.电力系统自动化,2002,26(5):1～4
[38]Baldwin T L,Mili L,Boisen M B,et al.Power system observability with minimal phasor measurement placement.IEEE Trans on Power Systems,1993,8(5):707～715
[39]王克英,穆钢,陈学允.同步相量测量技术在潮流计算中的应用.电力系统及其自动化学报,2000,12(4):l～3
[40]卫志农,孙国强,常宝立,等.考虑电力系统潮流直接可解的同步相量量测单元最优配置.电网技术,2005,29(l):65～68
[41]卫志农,常宝立,孙国强,等.一种新的考虑电力系统潮流直接可解的PMU最优配置.继电器,2005,33(21): 1～5
[42]常乃超,兰洲,甘德强,倪以信.广域测量系统在电力系统分析及控制中的应用综述.电网技术,2005,29(10): 1～7
[43]李虹,李卫国,彭书涛,胥国毅,马迎新. WAMS中的PMU最优配置新方法.高电压技术.2007
[44]徐志向.基于奇异值分解算法的谐波状态估计及谐波源定位的研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学电力系,2006
[45]唐小波.配电网局部状态估计:[硕士学位论文].福建:东南大学,2005
[46]吴笃贵,徐政.电力系统谐波状态估计技术的发展与展望.电网技术,1998,22(1):1～3
[47]侯世英,王瑶,祝石厚,等.基于相量量测的电力系统谐波状态估计算法的研究.电工电能新技术,2008,27(2):1～5
[48]吴笃贵,徐政.基于相量量测的电力系统谐波状态估计(Ⅰ)-理论、模型与求解算法,2004,19(2):1～6
[49]祝石厚,侯世英,吕厚余.电力系统谐波分析的有效方法-谐波状态估计技术综述.现代电力,2007,24(3):1～5
[50]关红钧,苏艳华.关于n阶矩阵的三角分解.沈阳航空工业学院学报,2001, 18(4):1～3
[51]胡锡龙,强金龙,刘广一,等.电力系统状态估计的快速正交变换算法.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2000,12(1):1～5